药型罩初始孔隙度对聚能射流行为的影响

 多孔材料药型罩由于其可压缩性,在压垮之前受炸药爆炸冲击压缩作用而使温度升高,为延迟射流的断裂时间提供了可能,估算了多孔材料药型罩压垮之前的冲击温升,并结合脉冲X光摄影研究了孔隙度对射流行为的影响。测试结果表明,一定的孔隙度范围内,射流的韧性随着孔隙度的增加而提高,射流直径随孔隙度的增加而变细。     

Effect of the Initial Temperature on the Penetration of Tungsten-Based Porous Alloy Strikers with a Hardening Filler into a Steel Obstacle

Technical Physics - We propose a series of experiments aimed at analysis of peculiarities and revealing general regularities in the penetrability of strikers made of a composite material based on...     

Effect of Second Nonthermal Ion on the Characteristics of Dust Acoustic Solitary Waves in a Magnetized Dusty Plasma with Variable Dust Charge

The nonlinear dust acoustic solitary waves in a magnetized dusty plasma with nonthermal ions and variable dust electric charge is studied analytically. Using reductive perturbation method the Zakharov‐Kuznetsov (ZK) equation is derived and effect of nonthermal coefficient, external magnetic field, and variable dust electric charge on the amplitude and width of soliton in dusty plasma is investigated. With increasing the rate of dust charge variation with respect of plasma potential, the amplitude of generated solitary waves in magnetized dusty plasma increases to a constant magnitude while its width decreases. Increasing the nonthermal ions coefficient leads to a noticeable decrease in the amplitude of solitons while the width of soliton increases. The amplitude of generated solitary waves in such a dusty plasma is independent of applied external magnetic field but we will have more localized solitons with increasing the external magnetic field strength. It is found that solitons are strongly influenced by the direction of external magnetic field. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

样品温度对激光诱导土壤等离子体辐射特性的影响

为了研究样品温度对激光诱导等离子体辐射特性的影响,以国家标准土壤样品为靶,在空气中利用波长为1 064nm的Nd∶YAG纳秒脉冲激光烧蚀不同温度(≤350℃)下的片状样品,测量了激光诱导等离子体的发射光谱强度和信噪比,计算了光谱分析检出限和信号的测量准确度.实验结果表明,当能量为200mJ时,随着样品温度的升高,等离子体辐射逐渐增强,并且在样品温度为300℃时达到最大值.计算表明,元素Al、Mg、Ba和Fe在300℃样品温度时的光谱线强度比室温条件下分别提高了67%、58%、61%和52%,信噪比分别增大了41%、51%、28%和38%,且元素分析检出限和光谱信号稳定性均有改善.升高样品温度有利于改善激光光谱的质量.     

模拟研究电荷的大小和温度对带电胶体纳米粒子稳定性的影响

利用蒙特卡罗方法和原始模型对正则系综中的带电胶体悬浮液进行分子模拟研究. 同时利用众所周知的DLVO理论研究颗粒之间的有效相互作用. 另外研究了温度、微离子价态和胶体粒子对溶液相稳定性的影响. 结果表明,在较高的温度下悬浮液更稳定. 另一方面,低价态的微离子更有利于形成稳定的悬浮液. 对于高电荷的微离子,平均每个集合体中的聚集体的数量和颗粒数更高,较大的胶体粒子稳定性差. 理论结果与表面曲率影响的理论公式有很好的一致性.     

激光脉冲重复频率对等离子体辐射特性的影响

为了提高激光诱导击穿光谱质量,采用Nd∶YAG激光器输出的纳秒脉冲激光激发产生土壤等离子体,采用光栅光谱仪和光电检测系统记录了元素谱线AlⅠ394.401 nm,BaⅠ455.403 nm,FeⅠ430.791 nm和TiⅠ498.173 nm的辐射强度和信背比,研究了激光脉冲重复频率(5,10和15 Hz)对等离子体辐射特性的影响。实验结果表明,在相同的激光输出能量条件下,当采用15 Hz的激光脉冲重复频率时,元素Al,Ba,Fe和Ti的谱线强度要比5 Hz时的分别提高50.94%,112.7%,107.46%和99.38%,光谱信背比分别提高15.16%,24.08%,40.26%和72.06%。通过测量等离子体参数,解释了激光脉冲重复频率对等离子体辐射特性的影响机理。     

非欧姆注入单层有机发光器件低场下电流传导温度特性的数值研究

温度是影响有机发光器件特性的一个重要因素,考虑了电流的注入限制和体限制之后,运用数值方法,研究了在低电场下温度对单层有机发光器件的J-V特性以及电场和载流子在有机层中的分布的影响。结果表明,在一定电压下,温度升高时,器件电流增大,有机层中载流子及其梯度分布增大,电场强度分布梯度也增大。并且当温度逐渐升高时,器件的电流传导将趋向于体限制,而当温度逐渐降低时,器件电流传导将趋向于注入限制,此时有机层内各处电场强度趋于均匀。并且结果表明,数值结果与实验结果符合得比较好。     

Effect of Residual Charge Carrier on the Performance of a Graphene Field Effect Transistor

The temperature-dependent effect of residual charge carrier(no),at the Dirac point,on mobility is studied.We fabricate and characterize a graphene Geld effect transistor(GFET) using 7nm TiO_2 as tie top-gate dielectric.The temperature-dependent gate voltage-drain current and room temperature gate capacitance are measured to extract the carrier mobility and to estimate the quantum capacitance of the GFET.The device shows the mobility value of 900 cm~2/V-s at room temperature and it decreases to 45 cm~2/V-s for 20 K due to the increase of n_0.These results indicate that the phonon scattering is not the dominant process for the unevenness dielectric layer while the coulomb scattering by charged impurities degrades the device characteristically at low temperature.     

蓖麻油粘度随温度变化关系的理论分析与研究

粘度是液体的重要物理性质,具有重大探究价值。在大学物理实验教学中,蓖麻油常作为研究对象,基于学者对蓖麻油粘度的微观理论研究较少,本文以Eyring反应速率理论为基础,根据牛顿粘度定律和液体溶液混合规则导出蓖麻油粘度方程并进行了间接验证,在微观上解释了蓖麻油粘度随温度的变化趋势,这对物理实验教学、加深对粘度的认识和理解都具有重大帮助。     

Effect of Polarization Temperature on the Chain Segment Motion and Space Charge Detrapping in Polyamide 610 Film Electrets

The effect of polarization temperature on the chain segment motion and charge trapping and detrapping in polyamide 610 films has been investigated by means of thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). A small part of the amorphous phase of quenched polyamide 610 changes into the crystalline state with increasing polarization temperature. There are three current peaks (named α, ρ₁, and ρ₂ peak, respectively) in the TSDC spectra. The α peak corresponds to the glass transition, the ρ ₁ peak is attributed to space charge trapped in the amorphous phase, and interphase between crystalline and amorphous phases, and the ρ ₂ peak originates from space charge trapped in the crystalline phase. By analyzing the characteristic parameters of these peaks, it was found that the increase of polarization temperature induced a decrease of the chain segment mobility and promoted the creation of structural traps in polyamide 610. The decrease of the chain segment mobility in the amorphous phase made the intensity of the α peak weak and the activation energy increased. The higher the polarization temperature, the higher the degree of crystallinity and the more charge carriers trapped in the crystalline phase. So, the increase of polarization temperature made the intensity of the ρ ₂ peak strong and increased the stability of trapped charge in the crystalline phase. The increase of polarization temperature also made the intensity of the ρ ₁ peak strong and decreased the stability of trapped charge in the amorphous phase and interphase.     

酸度、温度对液压油和润滑油荧光特性的影响

通过分析HyJet V磷酸酯液压油的环境(润滑油等)及干扰因素(酸度和温度等)的影响,研究荧光法检测飞机用液压油泄漏的可行性。利用荧光分光光度计,获得不同酸度和温度时HyJet V磷酸酯液压油、Jet Oil II润滑油、2197润滑油的荧光特性,实验结果：HyJet V磷酸酯液压油、Jet Oil II润滑油、2197润滑油的荧光峰分别在362,405和456 nm。温度对HyJet V磷酸酯液压油影响较小;Jet Oil II润滑油、2197润滑油荧光强度随温度升高逐渐减小。酸度增加时,HyJet V磷酸酯液压油荧光峰从370 nm渐变为362 nm,荧光强度逐渐减小;Jet Oil II润滑油荧光峰保持405 nm不变,荧光强度逐渐减小;2197润滑油荧光峰由456 nm处红移至523 nm,出现双荧光峰,直至荧光特性消失。结果表明：在环境及干扰因素的影响下,HyJet V磷酸酯液压油的荧光特性基本保持不变,并且区别于Jet Oil II润滑油、2197润滑油。因此,实验证明利用荧光法检测HyJet V磷酸酯液压油泄漏是可行的。     

Interaction of a Charge with the Metal

A rigorous calculation of the thermodynamic equilibrium of the metal–external charge system has shown that the generally accepted assumption that the electric field does not penetrate into the metal is incorrect. In reality, the field penetrates deep into the metal, and the interaction of the charge with the metal is noticeably stronger than the standard interaction with the electric image of the charge. It depends on the characteristics of the electronic system of the metal, on the sign of the charge, and, somewhat differently than the standard one, depends on the magnitude of the charge.     

Effect of Temperature Variation on the Characteristics of Microwave Power AlGaN/GaN MODFET

The prime motivation for developing the proposed model of AlGaN/GaN microwave power device is to demonstrate its inherent ability to operate at much higher temperature. An investigation of temperature model of a 1 μm gate AlGaN/GaN enhancement mode n-type modulation-doped field effect transistor (MODFET) is presented. An analytical temperature model based on modified charge control equations is developed. The proposed model handles higher voltages and show stable operation at higher temperatures. The investigated temperature range is from 100 °K–600 °K. The critical parameters of the proposed device are the maximum drain current (I_Dmax), the threshold voltage (V_th), the peak dc trans-conductance (g_m), and unity current gain cut-off frequency (f_T). The calculated values of f_T (10–70 GHz) at elevated temperature suggest that the operation of the proposed device has sufficiently high current handling capacity. The temperature effect on saturation current, cutoff frequency, and trans-conductance behavior predict the device behavior at elevated temperatures. The analysis and simulation results on the transport characteristics of the MODFET structure is compared with the previously measured experimental data at room temperature. The calculated critical parameters suggest that the proposed device could survive in extreme environments.     

Shot noise in a quantum dot with the coulomb interaction

We study the noise in a quantum dot which is coupled to metallic leads by using the non-equation of motion technique at the Kondo temperature T_K. We compute the out of equilibrium density of states, the current and the shot noise. We find that the shot noise exhibits a nonmonotonic dependence on the voltage when variation of ε_d values of the QD energy in the absence of the external magnetic field occurs. We also find that the amplitude of current exhibits a saturation behavior when driving field is increased.     

样品温度对纳秒激光诱导土壤等离子体辐射特性的影响

利用脉宽8 ns,波长为532 nm的Nd:YAG单脉冲纳秒激光器,在一个标准大气压下入射到土壤中(样品土壤来自蚌埠学院校园),改变样品温度,获得了不同样品温度下激光诱导击穿光谱. 通过分析光谱,得到土壤中不同特征谱线的强度和信噪比. 分别利用Boltzmann斜线法和Stark展宽法计算并分析了等离子体电子温度和电子密度随样品温度的演化规律;同时讨论了提高样品温度和激光诱导土壤等离子体辐射增强的原因. 实验结果表明,随着样品温度的升高,等离子体的谱线强度、信噪比、电子温度和电子密度会逐渐增强,并且在温度为100 °C时达到最大.     

不同水底介质对有限域中装药沉底爆炸特性的影响

通过开展装药沉底爆炸原理性实验研究,得到了不同水底条件对装药沉底爆炸气泡运动和冲击波压力的影响规律:沉底装药水下爆炸气泡通常呈半球形,依附在水底并同时急剧膨胀达到最大半径,随后气泡做收缩运动并连带水底介质颗粒迅速上浮,同时形状发生显著变化,如在石底和泥底时气泡在水底射流的作用下呈蘑菇状上浮,砂底时气泡则呈现出柱状上浮、未出现明显脉动运动即已坍塌破裂;沉底爆炸与水底介质发生强烈耦合作用而形成不同程度的反射波,通常水下石底的反射冲击波较泥底和砂底更强烈,且一般迭加后的冲击波峰值压力高于入射波阵面压力;不同水底介质条件下,装药与水底发生的强烈耦合作用均对水底造成强冲击破坏。     

Charge Loss Characteristics of Different Al Contents in a HfA10 Trapping Layer Investigated by Variable Temperature Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy

Kelvin probe force microscopy （KFM） technology is applied to investigate the charge storage and loss characteristics of the HfAlO charge trapping layer with various AI contents. The experimental results demonstrate that with the increase of AI contents in the HfAIO trapping layer, trap density significantly increases. Improvement of data retention characteristic is also observed. Comparing the vertical charge loss and lateral charge spreading of the HfAIO trapping layers, the former plays a major role in the charge loss mechanism. Variable temperature KFM measurement results show that the extracted effective electron trap energy level increases with increasing AI contents in HfAIO trapping layer, which is in accordance with the charge loss characteristics.     

NTC热敏电阻温度特性研究

通过实验研究了NTC热敏电阻随温度的变化情况,得到电阻～温度曲线。根据NTC热敏电阻值的自然对数与其绝对温度之间的线性关系,利用最小二乘法确定了热敏指数B,从而求得在测量温度范围内的温度系数αT。