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电化学沉积羟基磷灰石过程晶体生长行为 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
采用恒电流电化学沉积方法从含钙与磷盐水溶液中直接在纯金属钛电极表面沉积纳米羟基磷灰石涂层,运用EDS、SEM、XRD、FTIR等方法对其进行表征. 重点考察了一种典型制备条件下钙磷沉积层的形貌、结构及组分随沉积时间的变化,进而探讨相应条件下电化学沉积羟基磷灰石涂层晶体生长过程的基本规律. 研究表明电化学沉积法可用于在医用金属表面直接涂覆含钙离子缺陷的纳米羟基磷灰石涂层,典型条件下涂层的生长规律为: (1)沉积过程中羟基磷灰石晶粒以c轴方向沿沉积面法线方向择优生长,且这一趋势延续整个沉积过程; (2)内层晶粒的生长受到外层晶粒生长的抑制, 对于同层的晶粒,当晶粒分布密集时,晶粒生长可能发生相互制约; (3)随沉积时间的延长,沉积量增加,而膜层的化学组成基本不发生变化. 相似文献
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电流密度对钙磷沉积层组成和结构的影响(英文) 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
用X射线衍射、激光拉曼光谱以及等离子体原子发射光谱等技术研究了电化学沉积钙磷陶瓷过程中 ,电流密度对电沉积层组成和结构的影响 .实验表明阴极表面得到的沉积物是几种钙磷盐组成的混合物 ,且其成份随电流密度的改变而发生较大的变化 .在电解液温度为 75℃条件下 ,当控制电流密度较低时 ,沉积层主要由CaHPO4· 2H2 O (DCPD)和Ca8H2 (PO4) 6· 5H2 O (OCP)组成 ;随着电流密度的增加 ,阴极表面逐渐生成Ca3 (PO4) 2 ·nH2 O (TCP)和Ca10 (PO4) 6(OH) 2 (HAP) .当电流密度大于 5mA/cm2 时 ,电沉积层的主要成份为羟基磷灰石 (HAP) . 相似文献
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以聚[2,2′-(对氧基联苯)-5,5′-苯并咪唑](OPBI)及其磺化产物磺化聚[2,2′-(对氧基联苯)-5,5′-苯并咪唑](SOPBI)薄膜作为基体, 采用交替沉积和模拟体液(SBF)浸泡相结合的方法快速在薄膜表面沉积羟基磷灰石层. 采用选区电子衍射(SAED)和衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)对羟基磷灰石(HA)的晶体结构进行了分析. 用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对整个沉积过程中羟基磷灰石的形态变化进行了跟踪. 实验结果表明, SOPBI薄膜诱导HA沉积的速率明显快于OPBI薄膜. SOPBI的磺酸基团不但提供了固定Ca2+的负电表面, 而且还有助于咪唑基团对Ca2+的固定. 而缺失磺酸基团的OPBI在不同pH值的交替沉积溶液中的电离形式阻碍了咪唑基团对Ca2+和HPO42-的作用, 且未能在SBF浸泡过程中得到改善. 相似文献
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Dribek M Le Potier I Rodrigues A Pallandre A Fattal E Taverna M 《Electrophoresis》2007,28(13):2191-2200
The purpose of the present paper was to study at physiological pH the affinity between vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and four poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAMs) designed for drug delivery. Therefore, a fast and reproducible CE method was first developed to analyze the strongly basic peptide. To allow an accurate determination of binding constant (K) values, the ability to suppress peptide adsorption onto the silica capillary of nonpermanent coatings (poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), low and medium relative molecular masses poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA)) or poly(acrylamide) permanent coating (PAA) was evaluated. Very good intraday repeatability of VIP migration times and peak areas (0.1-0.6 and 2.9-4.9% RSD, respectively) was obtained using two of the investigated coatings (PEO and PDDA with medium molecular mass). ACE combined with these dynamic coatings was then employed to evaluate K between VIP and two amine-terminated PAMAM dendrimers of generation 2 and 5 (G2.NH2, G5.NH2) and two carboxyl-terminated PAMAM derivatives of generation 2 and 5 (G2.COOH, G5.COOH). Binding constant of (6.7 +/- 1.1) x 10(4)/M could be determined for the couple VIP/G5.NH2, while no affinity was evidenced between VIP and all other dendrimers investigated. These results suggest that G5.NH2 might be an interesting carrier for the delivery of VIP. 相似文献
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Recently, dendrimers have been widely used in medical applications such as drug delivery and gene transfection. In this study, a pH-sensitive diblock copolymer of poly(methacryloyl sulfadimethoxine) (PSD) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified by lactose (LA-PEG-b-PSD) was synthesized. The pK(a) value of the LA-PEG-b-PSD was also measured. Then, polyamidoamine (PAMAM) complexes were prepared with PAMAM (G4.0) and LA-PEG-b-PSD by electrostatic interaction. To investigate drug pH-sensitive release in vitro, doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded in PAMAM. A higher drug cumulative release from LA-PEG-b-PSD/PAMAM complexes in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was found at pH 6.5 than at pH 7.4. The cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of PAMAM complexes were investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and confocal microscopy. LA-PEG-b-PSD/PAMAM/DOX complexes were able to enhance the cytotoxicity of DOX against HepG2 cells at pH 7.4. Confocal microscopy showed a higher cellular uptake of PEG-b-PSD/PAMAM complexes at pH 6.5. PAMAM complexes modified by lactose showed a higher affinity for hepatic cancer cells than those without lactose at pH 7.4. These results suggest that LA-PEG-b-PSD/PAMAM complexes exhibit selective targeting and cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells. In vivo antitumor studies showed that the LA-PEG-b-PSD/PAMAM/DOX complexes displayed higher antitumor efficacy compared with non-targeted PAMAM/DOX and DOX solution. These results indicate that this strategy should be applicable to the treatment of liver cancers. 相似文献
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Takeshi Yamauchi Tomoya Saitoh Kumi Shirai Kazuhiro Fujiki Norio Tsubokawa 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2010,48(8):1800-1805
To prepare silica nanoparticle having biorepellent activity, the immobilization of capsaicin onto hyperbranched poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM)‐grafted silica was investigated. Grafting of PAMAM onto a silica surface was achieved in a solvent‐free dry system using PAMAM dendrimer synthesis methodology. The immobilization of capsaicin was achieved by the reaction of hydroxyl groups of capsaicin with isocyanate groups of Silica‐PAMAM, which were introduced by the reaction of terminal amino groups of Silica‐PAMAM with hexamethylene diisocyanate. The immobilization of capsaicin was confirmed by thermal decomposition GC‐MS. The amount of capsaicin immobilized onto PAMAM‐grafted silica was determined to be 0.10 mmol/g. Capsaicin‐immobilized Silica‐PAMAM (Silica‐PAMAM‐Cap) was dispersed uniformly in water and Tyrode solution. Stimulus activity of Silica‐PAMAM‐Cap was estimated using two stimulus tests, that is a magnus test and a paw licking test, to sensory nerve of mice. As the result of magnus test, it was found that the Silica‐PAMAM‐Cap shows stimulus activity. It was found that elution of capsaicin could be depressed by immobilizing capsaicin onto Silica‐PAMAM from the result of paw licking test. In addition, the stimulus property of Silica‐PAMAM‐Cap to the human skin could be observed and it was found that Silica‐PAMAM‐Cap had acrid taste. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1800–1805, 2010 相似文献
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树枝状大分子聚酰胺-胺的合成与性能 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
采用发散合成法合成了以乙二胺为核的1.0~3.0代的系列树枝状高分子聚酰胺 胺(PAMAM).采用IR、核磁共振、端基分析对PAMAM的结构进行了表征,考察了PAMAM水溶液的表面活性及其对难溶药物水杨酸的增溶能力.结果表明:半代PAMAM具有一定的表面活性,整代PAMAM几乎没有表面活性,表面活性主要与PA MAM的端基结构有关;PAMAM对难溶药物水杨酸具有增溶作用,增溶能力随代数和质量浓度的增加而增大,增溶方式与传统的表面活性剂不同. 相似文献
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以G5.0-OH PAMAM树形分子为模板,用紫外光辐照法制备银纳米簇.用透射电子显微镜、紫外-可见吸收光谱和共振散射光谱等对所制备的银纳米簇进行了表征.结果表明:用紫外光辐照法可以制备尺寸分布均匀、稳定的银纳米簇;且辐照时间、PAMAM树形分子的浓度及Ag+/PAMAM树形分子的摩尔比都会对所制备的银纳米簇产生较大的影响.由于所制备的银纳米簇的粒径小于树形分子的流体力学半径,表明树形分子起到了“内模板”作用.同时研究了银纳米簇的尺寸对其光致发光性能的影响,发现通过调节银纳米簇的尺寸可实现其光致发光的可调性. 相似文献
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树形聚酰胺胺与 Cu2+的络合作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
合成了4.0代聚酰胺胺 (PAMAM)树形分子 ,并合成出端基为羟基的PAMAM树形分子衍生物。用分光光度法研究了4.0代PAMAM树形分子及其衍生物与Cu2 的络合作用。结果表明当存在树形聚酰胺胺分子时 ,Cu2 水溶液的最大吸收波长显著紫移 ,随n(Cu2 )/n(PAMAM)增加 ,最大吸收波长红移 ;PAMAM树形分子与Cu2 的络合作用有多种形式 ,对端胺基树形分子主要存在Cu -N4 和Cu -N2 两种配位方式 ;对端羟基树形分子主要存在Cu -N2 的配位方式 ;随Cu2 的加入 ,络合形式和各种络合形式的相对比例发生变化 ;pH对络合形式有较大影响;随代数的增加 ,树形分子所能络合Cu2 的最大数目不断增加 ,但理论值与实验值有一定的误差 相似文献
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制备了树枝状聚合物聚酰胺-胺2代和3代(PAMAM G2, PAMAM G3)包覆的葛根素(Puerarin, PUE)脂质体, 考察了脂质体包覆前后的粒径、Zeta电位的变化及包覆率和体外释放特性. 用异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)标记PAMAM, 采用透射电镜和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜分别观察了PAMAM包覆脂质体和FITC-PAMAM包覆脂质体的形态. 采用改进的Valia-Chien扩散池及兔离体角膜评价了脂质体包覆前后角膜的药物渗透特性, 分别考察了脂质体包覆前后的角膜前滞留时间、角膜残留药量和角膜水化值. 研究结果表明, 包覆后的脂质体粒径略有增加, 但没有显著差异, Zeta电位由负变正, 并且随PAMAM比例的增加而增加. 透射电镜和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察结果显示, PAMAM能较好地包覆于脂质体表面. PAMAM G2的包覆率明显比PAMAM G3高. 包覆前后的脂质体释药特性相似, 均具有明显的缓释作用. PAMAM包覆PUE脂质体后, 与PUE水溶液和未包覆PUE脂质体相比, 其PUE离体兔角膜表观渗透系数、角膜前滞留时间及角膜残留药量均明显增加, 并具有显著差异, 其中PAMAM G3包覆脂质体优于PAMAM G2包覆脂质体. 水化值检测结果表明, PAMAM包覆PUE脂质体对角膜的刺激性不明显. 相似文献
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Masoomeh Bayat Avat Arman Taherpour Seyed Mohammad Elahi Thomas Fellowes 《Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society》2018,15(6):1223-1234
Much progress has been made in the treatment of cancer. However, it remains a significant challenge to treat as toxic chemotherapeutic drugs are often poorly tolerated when administered together, limiting the patient’s treatment options. A possible solution to this problem is anchoring drugs on the surface of nanoparticles. These systems have a variety of structures with sizes, shapes and materials which determine loading capacity, cellular targeting and stability. Dendrimers are a class of nanoparticles which have been investigated in this context. In this study, we investigated the functionalization of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers with some anticancer medications that suppresses the growth of cancer cells (carmustine, lomustine, semustine and melphalan; 1–4). The possibility of drug release, drug delivery and drug separation by PAMAM was theoretically investigated and discussed. The predicted theoretical method will be interesting to remove the pollutants from the medical solutions by PAMAM dendrimer nanoclusters. The results of the modeling were obtained by MMFF94 and RHF/PM6 methods for all form of the PAMAM–medicines complexes. The obtained results by these two methods were shown same trend of the relative energy surfaces of the complexes of PAMAM–medicines 1–4. 相似文献
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Takeshi Yamauchi Akira Yuuki Gang Wei Kumi Shirai Kazuhiro Fujiki Norio Tsubokawa 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2009,47(22):6145-6152
To prepare silica nanoparticle having flame retardant activity, the immobilization of flame retardant onto hyperbranched poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM)‐grafted silica was investigated. Grafting of PAMAM onto a silica surface was achieved in a solvent‐free dry‐system using PAMAM dendrimer synthesis methodology. The immobilization of bromine flame retardant, poly(2,2′,6,6′‐tetrabromobisphenol‐A) diglycidyl ether (PTBBA), was successfully achieved by the reaction of terminal amino groups of PAMAM‐grafted silica (Silica‐PAMAM) with epoxy groups of PTBBA. The immobilization of PTBBA was confirmed by FTIR and thermal decomposition GC‐MS. The amount of PTBBA immobilized onto Silica‐PAMAM was determined to be 60 wt %. PTBBA‐immobilized Silica‐PAMAM (Silica‐PAMAM‐PTBBA) was dispersed uniformly in a epoxy resin, and the epoxy resin was cured in the presence of hexamethylenediamine. Flame retardant activity of the epoxy resin filled with Silica‐PAMAM‐PTBBA was estimated by limiting oxygen index (LOI). The LOI of epoxy resin filled with Silica‐PAMAM‐PTBBA was higher than that filled with untreated silica and free PTBBA. It was confirmed that the flame retardant activity of epoxy resin was improved by the addition of the Silica‐PAMAM‐PTBBA. The elimination of PTBBA from the epoxy resin filled with Silica‐PAMAM‐PTBBA into boiling water was hardly observed by immobilization of PTBBA onto silica surface. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 6145–6152, 2009 相似文献