内衬纤维增强复合材料高压输水涵管的应力和位移

对钢筋混凝土高压输水涵管内衬纤维增强复合材料结构的关键问题即双层简体之间的径向应力,径向位移及外层简体的环向应力和径向位移进行分析,导出易于使用的公式,为内衬材料的设计,提供理论依据。     

编织复合材料弹性性能的细观力学模型

提出了编织复合材料弹性性能分析的细观力学模型，这个力学模型考虑了实际编织结构中的纬向和经向纤维束的曲屈，相邻纤维束之间的间隙和纤维束的横截面尺寸对编织复合材料弹性性能的影响，并探讨了在纤维束间纯树脂区内孔隙的含量和两种叠层结构对材料弹性性能的影响．理论计算结果与实测值的比较，表明所提出的细观力学模型是合理的．根据理论分析的结果，提出了优化单层和叠层编织结构的结构参数选择方法     

Prediction of stress–strain and fracture behaviour of an 8-Harness satin weave ceramic matrix composite

A computationally economic finite-element-based approach has been developed to predict the stress–strain and fracture behaviour of an 8-Harness satin woven ceramic matrix composite with strain-induced damage. The finite element analysis utilises a solid element to model the behaviour of the homogenised orthotropic uni-directional tow and its matrix. The underpinning models of the tow and matrix, (Tang et al., 2009) capture the physics of the interactions between fibres and matrix; and, in this way, permit modelling that bridges the length scales of the fibres and full-scale components. The non-linear multi-axial stress–strain behaviour of the composite has been discretised by multi-linear elastic curves; and the latter has been used as input to a user defined subroutine, UMAT, in the commercial finite element package, ABAQUS. A partial unit cell model has been constructed of the 8-Harness satin weave composite of carbon fibres embedded in an amorphous carbon matrix, HITCO C/C. Predictions of the global stress–strain curve, which include the effects of fibre waviness, have been made for two failure modes: the first by deformation localisation, and the second by dynamic tow failure on fibre fracture, triggered by instantaneous pull-out deactivation. Comparisons have been made between the predictions and experimental data that exhibit two classes of fracture behaviour: brittle and quasi-ductile. The predicted results, both with and without tow waviness, compare well with the experimental data; however, the predictions for waviness are slightly better. The two extremes of experimental behaviour have been found to correspond with the two tow fracture criteria modelled.     

三维机织复合材料力学性能研究进展

对近年来关于三维机织复合材料力学性能的研究作了综述和归纳。研究表明,三维机织复合材料的力学性能不仅取决于纤维和基体的性能,而且与三维增强结构形式密切相关。通过对三维机织增强结 构的研究,获得了机织复合材料的细观结构和主要力学特征的关系,强调了增强纤维束轴向几何特征和截面形状对材料细观结构的重要影响。试验研究集中于观测机织复合材料的破坏模式,以分析三维机织结构对阻止损伤微裂纹扩展的贡献。理论分析方面较为成熟的研究是三维机织复合材料线弹性力学性能,其研究基础是层板理论模型、取向平均模型和有限元分析模型。而对强度及损伤方面的研究还有待于进一步的工作。本文对当前研究工作中的关键问题进行分析,并就今后的研究工作发表一些看法。      

形状记忆合金增强复合材料连接件模型的实验研究

本文对形状记忆合金（ＳＭＡ）增强复合材料连接件模型进行了初步的实验分析和计算,结果表明：ＮｉＴｉＳＭＡ丝产生的回复应力对连接件模型孔应变有明显的影响,埋入ＮｉＴｉ丝的复合材料连接件模型的拉伸破坏载荷有所提高,本研究为改善复合材料连接的强度问题作了有益的探索。     

不同温度下2种钨结构增强Zr基非晶合金的动态压缩性能

利用SHPB装置对钨丝增强Zr基非晶复合材料和钨骨架增强Zr基非晶复合材料进行了3种环境温度下多种应变率的动态压缩性能测试。比较了2种材料的动态力学性能,发现二者均具有应变率敏感性和较强的塑性变形能力。但二者承载机制存在较大差异。钨丝增强结构变形主要表现在钨丝的失稳,由数值模拟初步分析了这种局部结构失稳控制的变形以及热失稳现象;钨骨架增强结构变形前期钨骨架起主要承载作用,而不是各成分的共同作用,这导致材料的屈服强度比纯非晶和纯钨的低。     

Multi-level modeling of woven glass/epoxy composite for multilayer printed circuit board applications

The objective of this paper is to develop a hybrid homogenization method to predict the elastic properties of a common woven glass/epoxy composite substrate for multilayer circuit board applications. Comprehensive high resolution 3D finite element (FE) models of a quarter of the repeated unit cell (RUC) for the woven glass/epoxy composite were developed based on different micromechanical schemes. . Specifically, four different micromechanics schemes were investigated: self-consistent, Mori–Tanaka, three-phase approach and composite cylinder assemblage (CCA). The element based strain concentration matrices were determined and used to obtain the homogenized woven glass/epoxy composite properties via a specially developed MATLAB code. Attention was further devoted to the predictions of the homogenized elastic moduli of the multilayer printed circuit board (PCB). The results from our simulations, based on Mori–Tanaka and CCA, are in good agreement with existing experimental results, indicating that the newly proposed homogenization scheme can be used as a design tool to predict the overall properties of woven composite materials typically used in multilayer PCB applications.     

W骨架/Zr基非晶合金复合材料破片侵彻能力与后效研究

将W骨架/Zr基非晶合金复合材料破片装入弹体制备成预制破片弹丸,并进行实爆试验,研究W骨架/Zr基非晶合金复合材料预制破片侵彻靶板的能力,以及预制破片贯穿靶板后对棉被、油箱的引燃能力。结果表明:制备的W骨架/Zr基非晶合金复合材料密度大、强度高,爆炸完整性和侵彻能力能够满足作为榴弹预制破片的要求;W骨架/Zr基非晶合金复合材料破片侵彻过程中自身变形是影响侵彻能力的主要原因之一;W骨架/Zr基非晶合金复合材料预制破片侵彻和贯穿靶板的过程中伴随着强烈的爆轰,当穿透率足够高时,预制破片的爆轰作用能够引燃靶后的棉被和油箱。     

45#钢的损伤演化方程和层裂准则研究

通过唯象分析和细观物理统计相结合的方法建立了一种韧性材料的损伤演化方程。在试验结果和内变量理论的基础上得到了45#钢的含损伤热—粘塑性本构关系。用有限差分方法计算了45#钢平板撞击所产生的应力波传播规律、损伤演化规律及层裂进程。通过自由面速度历史的数值模拟,并基于计算结果与试验结果间的最佳一致性,得到了损伤演化方程中的材料参数和极限损伤数值,并以此为依据建立了材料的应力率层裂准则。     

Materially and geometrically non-linear woven composite micro-mechanical model with failure for finite element simulations

A computational micro-mechanical material model of woven fabric composite material is developed to simulate failure. The material model is based on repeated unit cell approach. The fiber reorientation is accounted for in the effective stiffness calculation. Material non-linearity due to the shear stresses in the impregnated yarns and the matrix material is included in the model. Micro-mechanical failure criteria determine the stiffness degradation for the constituent materials. The developed material model with failure is programmed as user-defined sub-routine in the LS-DYNA finite element code with explicit time integration. The code is used to simulate the failure behavior of woven composite structures. The results of finite element simulations are compared with available test results. The model shows good agreement with the experimental results and good computational efficiency required for finite element simulations of woven composite structures.     

泡沫夹层在抗爆复合结构中作用的实验研究

首先对夹芯泡沫材料的力学性能、动态响应和性能特性进行了简单探讨,然后通过钢筋混凝土、泡沫夹层、钢板混凝土复合结构的抗爆实验,对夹芯泡沫材料的主要特点及其在复合结构中的作用机理进行了研究.结果表明:泡沫夹层对爆炸冲击波具有很好的衰减作用,且这种衰减作用随输入压力的增大而增大.这种特性可使爆炸产生的相对集中的局部压力转化为...     

单纤维实验技术的现状和展望

本文综述了目前流行的测量纤维／树脂界面力学性能的单纤维实验技术。重点介绍了三种单纤维实验技术——单纤维拔出法、单纤维段埋入法和单纤维压出法的基本原理。讨论了三种单纤维实验技术在理论和应用上的发展重点     

Buckling test and optimum design of fiber reinforced composite plates under compression

In this paper, the conclusion that the experimental results coincide with theoretical analysis has been got through buckling test of 283 composite rectangular plates. It is confirmed that the critical loads of composite plates calculated by buckling theoretical formula of anisotropic plate are reliable. The selections of optimal content of matrix and optimal off-axis which make fiber reinforced composite plates reach biggest critical loads are also discussed in this paper. The result of analysis may be used in the design for the products.     

光纤智能化复合材料及其监控系统的研究

本文简要评述了一种新型功能材料——电流变体,和由它制造的超先进智能复合材料及其应用原理和前景。着重介绍了埋有光导纤维的复合材料——“敏感的皮肤”及纤维光学检测系统的原理、可行性及应用。提出了将光导纤维埋入含电流变体的超先进复合材料中而形成光纤智能化复合材料,并简述由其制成的监测系统的研究现状和展望。      

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON POST-BUCKLING BEHAVIOR OF SLENDER COLUMN WITH FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE MATERIAL

Equilibrium paths of post-buckling are measured for large slenderness column specimensmade of the fiber reinforced composite material. The influence of the initial curvature is investigatedexperimentally and compared with the result of the initial post-buckling theory. Both the theoreticaland experimental results reveal that the column with the initial curvature has stable post-buckling be-haviors and is not sensitive to the imperfection in the form of initial curvature. The experimental re-sults show that when the lateral buckling displacement is less than 20 percent of the column length, theexperimental results agree with the results from the theory of initial post-buckling quite well, whilethey agree with the results from the large deflection theory in a quite large range.     

纤维/金属网增强层板低速冲击损伤机理和演化

本文首先通过落锤低速冲击实验测试了纯玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料和304不锈钢丝网(SSWM)/玻璃纤维混杂复合材料的力学性能,探究了SSWM嵌入数量对混杂复合材料抗冲击性能的影响．随后采用Abaqus有限元软件建立了混杂复合材料的低速冲击模型,分别采用三维Hashin失效准则和Jason-Cook破坏准则模拟了纤维/基体和SSWM的损伤;建立了基于表面接触的内聚力模型来模拟界面分层;编写了VUMAT用户子程序定义混杂复合材料层合板的渐进失效过程．结果表明：相较于纯玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂层合板,SSWM/玻璃纤维混杂增强环氧树脂层合板的抗冲击性能更优,其中铺层形式为铺层III的混杂复合材料抗冲击性能最佳．通过对比发现有限元仿真结果与实验结果吻合良好,表明建立的模型适用于SSWM/玻璃纤维混杂增强环氧树脂复合材料低速冲击损伤的评估．通过分析仿真结果发现混杂复合材料的低速冲击损伤主要是冲击区域的纤维断裂、基体破坏和层间分层;SSWM通过吸收和传递冲击能量从而提升了混杂复合材料的抗冲击性能．     

光学透视测量玻璃纤维增强复合材料板离面应变场分布

本文通过激光波数扫描干涉测量系统和方法,透视测量商用玻璃纤维增强复合材料板前、后表面的离面应变场分布。实验中分别对有缺陷和无缺陷的商用玻璃纤维增强复合材料样品进行了离面位移场测量和平均轴向正应变场分布计算。无缺陷样品的离面位移场及压缩应变场分布均匀连续,随加载呈现递增压缩变化;有缺陷样品的缺陷周围的离面位移场分布变化无规则,其压缩正应变分布以缺陷孔洞为中心,加载量越大,孔洞周围其压缩正应变值较小的区域越大,压缩正应变集中在远离孔洞的边缘区域,随加载量变化压缩应变场分布无线性规律。实验结果证明,激光波数扫描干涉测量系统和方法准确可靠,它为玻璃纤维增强复合材料板的力学性能测量提供了一个新技术平台。     

A STUDY OF RESIDUAL STRENGTH OF SISAL TEXTILE REINFORCED VINYL ESTER

In this study, the residual strength of sisal textile reinforced vinyl ester resin is studied using specimens with a central hole. Two kinds of chemicals, silane and permanganate, are used to treat sisal fibre surfaces. The effects of fibre surface treatments on the residual strength of sisal fibre reinforced composites with different central hole sizes are analysed. Optical microscopy （OM） surveys provide sound evidence for the relationship between residual strength properties and fracture morphologies of sisal textile reinforced vinyl ester. Several theoretical models used to predict the residual strength of laminated composites are briefly reviewed. Point stress criterion （PSC） and average stress criterion （ASC） models are used to analyze the mechanical properties of sisal textile reinforced polymers with a central hole in this research. Material constant, characteristic length （d0 or lc）, is obtained and used to analyze the mechanical behavior of the composites. The residual strength of the composites predicted by PSC and ASC models is in good agreement with the experimental results..     

三维DIC在GFRP锚杆拉伸力学性能测试中的应用

随着玻璃纤维增强塑料(GFRP)广泛运用于轨道交通及边坡加固中,其力学性能的测试显得尤为重要。基于三维数字图像相关(DIC)方法,研究了三种不同加载速率下GFRP锚杆的拉伸力学性能,分别得到了应力-应变曲线及弹性模量、抗拉强度、最大力总延伸率等参数。实验结果表明,螺旋状变截面锚杆的轴向应变呈非均匀分布,由三维DIC得到的锚杆弹性模量结果一致性优于传统的接触式引伸计方法,GFRP锚杆几乎呈线性分布的应力-应变曲线表明该材料为典型的脆性材料。     

初始应力状态对材料层裂破坏特性影响研究

通过对球面飞片加载条件下的应力/应变状态分析表明采用施加径向应变方法可以近似模拟球面加载的受力过程. 采用过盈配合的热装配方法对平面样品施加了径向预应变,一维平面应变气炮实验结果显示初始预应力(变)明显降低了LY12铝层裂强度. 从空洞长大基本原理出发分析了各向异性受力条件下空洞长大的路径和所消耗能量不同于各向同性应力加载.通过数值模拟对含损伤的材料本构模型进行分析,得到了材料层裂强度与其外部宏观应力场密切相关,也间接的与构型相关的结论.