On intersections of conjugacy classes and bruhat cells

For a connected semisimple algebraic group G over an algebraically closed field k and a fixed pair (B, B ^– ) of opposite Borel subgroups of G, we determine when the intersection of a conjugacy class C in G and a double coset BwB ^– is nonempty, where w is in the Weyl group W of G. The question comes from Poisson geometry, and our answer is in terms of the Bruhat order on W and an involution m _C ∈ 2 W associated to C. We prove that the element m _C is the unique maximal length element in its conjugacy class in W, and we classify all such elements in W. For G = SL(n + 1; k), we describe m _C explicitly for every conjugacy class C, and when w ∈ W ≌ S_n+1 is an involution, we give an explicit answer to when C ∩ (BwB) is nonempty.     

Induced characters, Mackey analysis and primitive ideal spaces of nilpotent discrete groups

Let G be a nilpotent discrete group and Prim(C^*(G)) the primitive ideal space of the group C^*-algebra C^*(G). If G is either finitely generated or has absolutely idempotent characters, we are able to describe the hull-kernel topology on Prim(C^*(G)) in terms of a topology on a parametrizing space of subgroup-character pairs. For that purpose, we introduce and study induced traces and develop a Mackey machine for characters. We heavily exploit the fact that the groups under consideration have the property that every faithful character vanishes outside the finite conjugacy class subgroup.     

Groups with Anticentral Elements

We study finite groups G with elements g such that |C _G (g)| = |G:G′|. (Such elements generalize fixed-point-free automorphisms of finite groups.) We show that these groups have a unique conjugacy class of nilpotent supplements for the commutator subgroup and, using the classification of finite simple groups, that these groups are solvable.     

Finite groups with many product conjugacy classes

We classify all finite groupsG such that the product of any two non-inverse conjugacy classes ofG is always a conjugacy class ofG. We also classify all finite groupsG for which the product of any twoG-conjugacy classes which are not inverse modulo the center ofG is again a conjugacy class ofG.     

The power graph on the conjugacy classes of a finite group

A digraph \({\overrightarrow{\mathcal{Pc}}(G)}\) is said to be the directed power graph on the conjugacy classes of a group G, if its vertices are the non-trivial conjugacy classes of G, and there is an arc from vertex C to C′ if and only if \({C \neq C'}\) and \({C \subseteqq {C'}^{m}}\) for some positive integer \({m > 0}\). Moreover, the simple graph \({\mathcal{Pc}(G)}\) is said to be the (undirected) power graph on the conjugacy classes of a group G if its vertices are the conjugacy classes of G and two distinct vertices C and C′ are adjacent in \({\mathcal{Pc}(G)}\) if one is a subset of a power of the other. In this paper, we find some connections between algebraic properties of some groups and properties of the associated graph.     

Groups whose vanishing class sizes are not divisible by a given prime

Let G be a finite group. An element ${g\in G}Let G be a finite group. An element g ? G{g\in G} is a vanishing element of G if there exists an irreducible complex character χ of G such that χ(g) = 0: if this is the case, we say that the conjugacy class of g in G is a vanishing conjugacy class of G. In this paper we show that, if the size of every vanishing conjugacy class of G is not divisible by a given prime number p, then G has a normal p-complement and abelian Sylow p-subgroups.     

On a graph related to permutability in finite groups

For a finite group G we define the graph Γ(G) to be the graph whose vertices are the conjugacy classes of cyclic subgroups of G and two conjugacy classes ${\mathcal {A}, \mathcal {B}}For a finite group G we define the graph Γ(G) to be the graph whose vertices are the conjugacy classes of cyclic subgroups of G and two conjugacy classes A, B{\mathcal {A}, \mathcal {B}} are joined by an edge if for some A ? A, B ? B A{A \in \mathcal {A},\, B \in \mathcal {B}\, A} and B permute. We characterise those groups G for which Γ(G) is complete.     

The number of conjugacy classes of non-normal subgroups in nilpotent groups

In a recent paper, Rolf Brandi classified all finite groups having exactly one conjugacy class of nonnormal subgroups, and conjectured thatfor a nilpotent group G of nilpotency class c = c(G) the number v(G) = vof conjugacy classes of nonnormal subgroups satisfies the inequality v(G) ≥ c(G) – 1 (with the exception of the Hamiltonian groups, of course). The purpose of this paper is to establish this conjecture and to decide when this inequality is sharp.     

On a Commuting Graph on Conjugacy Classes of Groups

We consider the graph Γ(G), associated with the conjugacy classes of a group G. Its vertices are the nontrivial conjugacy classes of G, and we join two different classes C, D, whenever there exist x ∈ G and y ∈ D such that xy = yx. The aim of this article is twofold. First, we investigate which graphs can occur in various contexts and second, given a graph Γ(G) associated with G, we investigate the possible structure of G. We proved that if G is a periodic solvable group, then Γ(G) has at most two components, each of diameter at most 9. If G is any locally finite group, then Γ(G) has at most 6 components, each of diameter at most 19. Finally, we investigated periodic groups G with Γ(G) satisfying one of the following properties: (i) no edges exist between noncentral conjugacy classes, and (ii) no edges exist between infinite conjugacy classes. In particular, we showed that the only nonabelian groups satisfying (i) are the three finite groups of order 6 and 8.     

Groups with Bounded Chernikov Conjugate Classes of Elements

We consider BCC-groups, that is groups G with Chernikov conjugacy classes in which for every element x G the minimax rank of the divisible part of the Chernikov group G/C _G(x ^G) and the order of the corresponding factor-group are bounded in terms of G only. We prove that a BCC-group has a Chernikov derived subgroup. This fact extends the well-known result due to B. H. Neumann characterizing groups with bounded finite conjugacy classes (BFC-groups).     

Covering numbers for Chevalley groups

LetG be a quasisimple Chevalley group. We give an upper bound for the covering number cn(G) which is linear in the rank ofG, i.e. we give a constantd such that for every noncentral conjugacy classC ofG we haveC ^rd =G, wherer=rankG. Research supported in part by NSERC Canada Grant A7251. Research supported in part by the Hermann Minkowski-Minerva Center for Geometry at Tel Aviv University.     

On the order of a group of even order

We present an upper bound for |G| of a group G of even order possessing a unique conjugacy class of involutions.     

A note on two Camina’s theorems on conjugacy class sizes

Let G be a finite group. We mainly investigate how certain arithmetical conditions on conjugacy class sizes of some elements of biprimary order of G influence the structure of G. Some known results are generalized.     

On Class Size of p-Singular Elements in Finite Groups

The object of this article is to study the connection between the structure of a finite group and the conjugacy class sizes of the p-singular elements of a finite group. The finite groups G in which every conjugacy class size of the p-singular elements satisfies some given arithmetic conditions are classified.     

Krull–Schmidt reduction of principal bundles in arbitrary characteristic

Let M be an irreducible projective variety defined over an algebraically closed field k, and let E_G be a principal G-bundle over M, where G is a connected reductive linear algebraic group defined over k. We show that for E_G there is a naturally associated conjugacy class of Levi subgroups of G. Given a Levi subgroup H in this conjugacy class, the principal G-bundle E_G admits a reduction of structure group to H. Furthermore, this reduction is unique up to an automorphism of E_G.     

Groups whose nonlinear irreducible characters separate element orders or conjugacy class sizes

A class function φ on a finite group G is said to be an order separator if, for every x and y in G \ {1}, φ(x) = φ(y) is equivalent to x and y being of the same order. Similarly, φ is said to be a class-size separator if, for every x and y in G\ {1}, φ(x) = φ(y) is equivalent to |C _G (x)| = |C _G (y)|. In this paper, finite groups whose nonlinear irreducible complex characters are all order separators (respectively, class-size separators) are classified. In fact, a more general setting is studied, from which these classifications follow. This analysis has some connections with the study of finite groups such that every two elements lying in distinct conjugacy classes have distinct orders, or, respectively, in which disctinct conjugacy classes have distinct sizes. Received: 10 April 2007     

Derived length and products of conjugacy classes

Let G be a supersolvable group and A be a conjugacy class of G. Observe that for some integer η(AA ⁻¹) > 0, AA ⁻¹ = {ab ⁻¹: a, b ∈ A} is the union of η(AA ⁻¹) distinct conjugacy classes of G. Set C _G (A) = {g ∈ G: a ^g = a for all a ∈ A. Then the derived length of G/C _G (A) is less or equal than 2η(AA ⁻¹) − 1.     

A note on the conjugacy classes of non-cyclic subgroups

Let G be a finite group and δ(G) denote the number of conjugacy classes of all non-cyclic subgroups of G. The symbol π(G) denotes the set of the prime divisors of |G|. In [7 Meng, W., Li, S. R. (2014). Finite groups with few conjugacy classes of non-cyclic subgroups. Scientia Sin. Math. 44:939–944.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]], Meng and Li showed the inequality δ(G)≥2^|π(G)|?2, where G is non-cyclic solvable group. In this paper, we describe the finite groups G such that δ(G) = 2^|π(G)|?2. Another aim of this paper would show δ(G)≥M(G)+2 for unsolvable groups G and the equality holds ?G?A₅ or SL(2,5), where M(G) denotes the number of conjugacy classes of all maximal subgroups of G.     

A note on conjugacy classes of finite groups

Let G be a finite group and let x ^G denote the conjugacy class of an element x of G. We classify all finite groups G in the following three cases: (i) Each non-trivial conjugacy class of G together with the identity element 1 is a subgroup of G, (ii) union of any two distinct non-trivial conjugacy classes of G together with 1 is a subgroup of G, and (iii) union of any three distinct non-trivial conjugacy classes of G together with 1 is a subgroup of G.