On the number of certain Galois extensions of local fields

In this paper, we will calculate the number of Galois extensions of local fields with Galois group or .

     

On cubic Galois field extensions

We study Morton's characterization of cubic Galois extensions F/K by a generic polynomial depending on a single parameter s∈K. We show how such an s can be calculated with the coefficients of an arbitrary cubic polynomial over K the roots of which generate F. For K=Q we classify the parameters s and cubic Galois polynomials over Z, respectively, according to the discriminant of the extension field, and we present a simple criterion to decide if two fields given by two s-parameters or defining polynomials are equal or not.     

A Note on Regular Crossed Products and Galois Representations

A crossed product representing an associative finite dimensional central simple algebra over a field is called regular if all values of the corresponding cocycle are roots of unity. Under a certain assumption such a crossed product is shown to allow the construction of Galois representations. The case of number fields is investigated more closely and several examples are discussed.     

Graded-division algebras and Galois extensions

Graded-division algebras are building blocks in the theory of finite-dimensional associative algebras graded by a group G. If G is abelian, they can be described, using a loop construction, in terms of central simple graded-division algebras.On the other hand, given a finite abelian group G, any central simple G-graded-division algebra over a field $\mathbb{F}$ is determined, thanks to a result of Picco and Platzeck, by its class in the (ordinary) Brauer group of $\mathbb{F}$ and the isomorphism class of a G-Galois extension of $\mathbb{F}$.This connection is used to classify the simple G-Galois extensions of $\mathbb{F}$ in terms of a Galois field extension $\mathbb{L}/\mathbb{F}$ with Galois group isomorphic to a quotient $G/K$ and an element in the quotient ${\mathrm{\text{Z}}}^2(K,{\mathbb{L}}^{\times })/{\mathrm{\text{B}}}^2(K,{\mathbb{F}}^{\times })$ subject to certain conditions. Non-simple G-Galois extensions are induced from simple T-Galois extensions for a subgroup T of G. We also classify finite-dimensional G-graded-division algebras and, as an application, finite G-graded-division rings.     

Realizability of algebraic Galois extensions by strictly commutative ring spectra

We discuss some of the basic ideas of Galois theory for commutative -algebras originally formulated by John Rognes. We restrict our attention to the case of finite Galois groups and to global Galois extensions.

We describe parts of the general framework developed by Rognes. Central rôles are played by the notion of strong duality and a trace mapping constructed by Greenlees and May in the context of generalized Tate cohomology. We give some examples where algebraic data on coefficient rings ensures strong topological consequences. We consider the issue of passage from algebraic Galois extensions to topological ones by applying obstruction theories of Robinson and Goerss-Hopkins to produce topological models for algebraic Galois extensions and the necessary morphisms of commutative -algebras. Examples such as the complex -theory spectrum as a -algebra indicate that more exotic phenomena occur in the topological setting. We show how in certain cases topological abelian Galois extensions are classified by the same Harrison groups as algebraic ones, and this leads to computable Harrison groups for such spectra. We end by proving an analogue of Hilbert's theorem 90 for the units associated with a Galois extension.

     

Galois averages

In this paper, we introduce a notion of “Galois average” which allows us to give a suitable answer to the question: how can one extend a finite Galois extension E/F by a prime degree extension N/E to get a Galois extension N/F? Here, N/E is not necessarily a Kummer extension.     

Rank gain of Jacobians over number field extensions with prescribed Galois groups

We investigate the rank gain of elliptic curves, and more generally, Jacobian varieties, over non-Galois extensions whose Galois closure has a Galois group permutation-isomorphic to a prescribed group G (in short, “G-extensions”). In particular, for alternating groups and (an infinite family of) projective linear groups G, we show that most elliptic curves over (for example) $\mathbb{Q}$ gain rank over infinitely many G-extensions, conditional only on the parity conjecture. More generally, we provide a theoretical criterion, which allows to deduce that “many” elliptic curves gain rank over infinitely many G-extensions, conditional on the parity conjecture and on the existence of geometric Galois realizations with group G and certain local properties.     

Correction to: Canonical nonclassical Hopf-Galois module structure of nonabelian Galois extensions

We regret that we must issue a correction to the above article, which slightly reduces the scope of the main theorem.     

Galois theory over rings of arithmetic power series

Let R be a domain, complete with respect to a norm which defines a non-discrete topology on R. We prove that the quotient field of R is ample, generalizing a theorem of Pop. We then consider the case where R is a ring of arithmetic power series which are holomorphic on the closed disc of radius 0<r<1 around the origin, and apply the above result to prove that the absolute Galois group of the quotient field of R is semi-free. This strengthens a theorem of Harbater, who solved the inverse Galois problem over these fields.     

Geometric families of 4-dimensional Galois representations with generically large images

We study compatible families of four-dimensional Galois representations constructed in the étale cohomology of a smooth projective variety. We prove a theorem asserting that the images will be generically large if certain conditions are satisfied. We only consider representations with coefficients in an imaginary quadratic field. We apply our result to an example constructed by Jasper Scholten (A non-selfdual 4-dimensional Galois representation, , 1999), obtaining a family of linear groups and one of unitary groups as Galois groups over . Research partially supported by MEC grant MTM2006-04895.     

The Frobenius Formalism in Galois Quantum Systems

Quantum systems in which the position and momentum take values in the ring and which are described with -dimensional Hilbert space, are considered. When is the power of a prime, the position and momentum take values in the Galois field , the position-momentum phase space is a finite geometry and the corresponding ‘Galois quantum systems’ have stronger properties. The study of these systems uses ideas from the subject of field extension in the context of quantum mechanics. The Frobenius automorphism in Galois fields leads to Frobenius subspaces and Frobenius transformations in Galois quantum systems. Links between the Frobenius formalism and Riemann surfaces, are discussed.     

The Galois closure of the Garcia–Stichtenoth tower

We describe the Galois closure of the Garcia–Stichtenoth tower and prove that it is optimal.     

Galois cohomology in degree 3 of function fields of curves over number fields

Let k be a field of characteristic not equal to 2. For n≥1, let denote the nth Galois Cohomology group. The classical Tate's lemma asserts that if k is a number field then given finitely many elements , there exist such that α_i=(a)∪(b_i), where for any λ∈k∗, (λ) denotes the image of k∗ in . In this paper we prove a higher dimensional analogue of the Tate's lemma.     

Steinitz classes of tamely ramified Galois extensions of algebraic number fields

The Steinitz class of a number field extension K/k is an ideal class in the ring of integers Ok of k, which, together with the degree [K:k] of the extension determines the Ok-module structure of OK. We call Rt(k,G) the set of classes which are Steinitz classes of a tamely ramified G-extension of k. We will say that those classes are realizable for the group G; it is conjectured that the set of realizable classes is always a group. We define A^′-groups inductively, starting with abelian groups and then considering semidirect products of A^′-groups with abelian groups of relatively prime order and direct products of two A^′-groups. Our main result is that the conjecture about realizable Steinitz classes for tame extensions is true for A^′-groups of odd order; this covers many cases not previously known. Further we use the same techniques to determine Rt(k,Dn) for any odd integer n. In contrast with many other papers on the subject, we systematically use class field theory (instead of Kummer theory and cyclotomic descent).     

Harmonic Analysis on a Galois Field and Its Subfields

Complex functions χ(m) where m belongs to a Galois field GF(p ^ℓ ), are considered. Fourier transforms, displacements in the GF(p ^ℓ )×GF(p ^ℓ ) phase space and symplectic transforms of these functions are studied. It is shown that the formalism inherits many features from the theory of Galois fields. For example, Frobenius transformations and Galois groups are introduced in the present context. The relationship between harmonic analysis on GF(p ^ℓ ) and harmonic analysis on its subfields, is studied.      

Massless Elementary Particles in a Quantum Theory over a Galois Field

We consider massless elementary particles in a quantum theory based on a Galois field (GFQT). We previously showed that the theory has a new symmetry between particles and antiparticles, which has no analogue in the standard approach. We now prove that the symmetry is compatible with all operators describing massless particles. Consequently, massless elementary particles can have only half-integer spin (in conventional units), and the existence of massless neutral elementary particles is incompatible with the spin–statistics theorem. In particular, this implies that the photon and the graviton in the GFQT can only be composite particles.     

The Galois closure of Drinfeld modular towers

In this article we study Drinfeld modular curves X₀(pn) associated to congruence subgroups Γ₀(pn) of GL(2,Fq[T]) where p is a prime of Fq[T]. For n>r>0 we compute the extension degrees and investigate the structure of the Galois closures of the covers X₀(pn)→X₀(pr) and some of their variations. The results have some immediate implications for the Galois closures of two well-known optimal wild towers of function fields over finite fields introduced by Garcia and Stichtenoth, for which the modular interpretation was given by Elkies.     

Galois Extensions of Boolean Algebras

We characterize Galois extensions of Boolean algebras as finite extensions with the independent set of generators, answering a question of D. Monk.