微量元素锌与反复呼吸道感染的相关性

对28例反复呼吸道感染患儿(下称复感儿)及26例健康儿进行微量元素发锌测定。发现前者发锌平均值为(92.3±14.7)×10~(-6),后者为(132.5±21.5)×10~(-6),P<0.01,差异非常显著。对复感儿进行口服锌治疗,观察其疗效及治疗前后发锌变化。治疗前发锌平均值为(92.3±14.7)×10~(-6),治疗后为(137.5±20.2)×10~(-6),P<0.01差异非常显著。有效率达85.7％。故缺锌可能是复感儿患病的影响因素之一,锌治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染是十分必要的。     

胃癌与七种元素关系的分析

57例胃癌癌灶内锌值为(13.740±4.150)×10~(-6),低于癌边缘组织(15.677±4.567)×10~(-6)(P<0.01),亦低于正常组织(15.897±3.580)×10~(-6)(P<0.01)。癌灶铜值为(7.91±6.19)×10~(-6),高于正常组织(5.62±12.01)×10~(-6)(P<0.05),癌灶铜/锌比值亦高于正常组织(P<0.01),但与边缘组织无显著性差异。分化较好的胃腺癌与未分化癌间七种微量元素含量均无显著性差异。这些结果提示,胃癌组织中锌值的降低与铜/锌比值的升高可作为胃癌的辅助诊断指标,而且锌值的检测更具意义。但与分化程度无关。     

男性不育症患者头发、精液锌含量分析

测定了68例男性不育症患者精液中的锌含量及53例男性不育症患者头发中锌含量,与对照组相比两者显著偏低,分别为2.48±1.69 mmoL/L和(140.8±49.0)×10 -6.但头发锌和精液锌含量并不相关,r=-0.05,低精液锌患者的头发锌含量并不低于对照组.反映锌在男性生殖系统代谢中存在特异性.另精液不液化患者的精液锌水平较其它原因导致不育的患者要显著偏低.     

钐—钛铁试剂—EDTA—CTMAB—TritonX—100荧光体系的研究及应用

系统地研究了钐一钛铁试剂—EDTA—CTMAB—Triton X-100体系的荧光特性及影响因素。应用此体系测定痕量钐的最佳条件为:钛铁试剂6.0×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1),EDTA 1.0×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1),CTMAB 5.0×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1),Triton X-100 0.05％,pH为13。在最佳条件下,钐浓度在1.0×10~(-7)～6.0×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)范围内与体系的荧光强度呈线性关系,检出限为5.0×10~(-9)mol·L~(-1)。采用标准加入法对合成稀土样品中的痕量钐进行测定,结果满意。     

TBABr TBAI水溶液体系的电致化学发光的研究

研究了四丁基溴化铵(TBABr)、四丁基碘化铵(TBAI)水溶液体系的电致化学发光。建立了电致化学发光法测定TBABr、TBAI的分析方法。线性范围分别为1.2×10~(-7)～5.0×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1),1.0×10~(-7)～1.5×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1)。检出限为1.0×10~(-7)mol·L~(-1),相对标准偏差均为5％。用该法测定人工合成样品获得较满意的结果。     

纯铝中微量钴的极谱测定

钴在1.2×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)二氮菲-0.02mol·L~(-1)硫脲-6.0×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1)四乙基碘化铵-0.11mol·L~(-1)亚硫酸钠介质(氯化铵-氨水缓冲溶液、pH为9.50)中产生灵敏的极谱催化波;峰电位为-1.68V(vs.SCE),检出限1×10~(-10)mol·L~(-1),钴离子浓度在1×10~(-10)～3×10~(-8)mol·L~(-1)范围内与峰高呈线性关系.体系选择性好,操作简便.用于测定纯铝中1×10~(-7)%以上的钴,重现性好,回收及对照结果满意.     

生物传感器的研究.V.尿素—石竹花组结电极的研究

尿素—石竹花组织电极是一种植物组织传感器。文中叙述了一种完整石竹花瓣的固定新方法,改善了此类生物传感器的性能:线性范围7.6×10~(-(?))～1.0×10~(-3)mol·L~(-1),斜率47mv·decade~(-1),检测上下限分别为3.2×10~(-3)mol·L~(-1)和4.6×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1),响应时间15～20min,寿命14天.该电极已初步用于实际样品的测定,结果与凯氏法吻合。对尿素含量为3.0×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1)的样品,本法分析结果偏差≤0.2×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1),平均回收率为101.5%(M=3,n=3),表明该传感器具有一定的实用价值。     

示波极谱法同时测定痕量硒和砷

在盐酸-酒石酸锑钾介质中,Se(Ⅳ)在—0.59V(vs.SCE,下同)左右产生示波极谱峰,其二阶导数峰高IP″_(Se)与Se(Ⅳ)浓度在1.26×10~(-8)～1.26×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1)范围呈良好线性关系,Se(Ⅳ)检出下限为5.0×10~(-9)mol·L~(-1)。在相同底液中,当Se(Ⅳ)浓度大于2.5×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)时,As(Ⅲ)在—0.79V左右也出现一良好极谱峰,其峰高IP″_(As)与As(Ⅲ)浓度在5.3×10~(-7)～2.6×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1)之间呈良好线性关系,As(Ⅲ)检出下限为2.7×10~(-7)mol·L~(-1)。Se(Ⅳ)、As(Ⅲ)两峰电位相差较大,可在同一底液中同时测定。曾用本法测定了煤飞灰标样(82201)中痕量硒和砷,结果与证书值相符。硒、砷加标回收率为95％～110％,还研究了Se(Ⅳ)、As(Ⅱ)极谱波性质。     

葡萄糖酸锌治疗3～7岁缺锌儿童疗效观察

检测了玉林市城区八所幼儿园3280名3～7岁儿童发锌。对检出发锌＜110×10-6及生长发育迟缓、厌食、头发稀黄、营养不良等1725人采用口服葡萄糖酸锌治疗（1mg／kg体重·d，分两次饭后服，连服2个月）。治疗后总有效率为95．65％，无效占4．35％，防治后发锌由原来的87．2×10－6±34．6×10-6上升为115．3×10-6±43．6×10-6，差异非常显著（P＜0．001）。     

VA族元素对阳极铅(II)氧化物膜半导体性质的影响(I)

用交流阻抗法研究了铅、铅砷、铅锑和铅铋金在4.5 mol·L~(-1) H_2SO_4溶液(20 ℃)中，以0.9 V(vs．Hg/Hg_2SO_4)极化2 h而形成的阳极膜的半导体性质．根据Mott-Schottky图，此种膜为n型半导体．pb，pb-lat％As，Pb-lat％Sb和Sb-lat％Bi上膜的平带电位分别为-0.95，-1.1, -1.0，-1.1 V(vs. Hg/Hg_2SO_4)；相应的施主密度分别为0.82×10~(16)，2.6×10~(16)，1.2×10~(17)和0.71×10~(16) cm~(-3).     

男性不育患者精液白细胞、巨噬细胞与锌的研究

为探讨男性不育患者精液白细胞、巨噬细胞与锌的关系,研究测定了85例男性不育患者精液白细胞、巨噬细胞和精浆锌的含量.结果提示,不育男性中精液白细胞≥106/mL组与精浆锌之间有显著性差异（P＜0.01）：精浆锌含量与巨噬细胞阳性组差异有显著性（P＜0.05）,说明精液白细胞、巨噬细胞可能对精浆锌的含量有一定的影响.     

补肾调肝法治疗对精液异常患者精液微量元素改变的观察

研究了２６例精液异常患者使用补肾调肝法治疗后其精液锌、铜、铅等元素的改变。２６例患者在治疗后精液质量有明显改善,其中精液中锌含量与治疗前相比有明显提高,治疗前后分别为（２．０６＋１．０９）ｍｍｏｌ．Ｌ和（２．４８±１．０５）ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ（Ｐ＜０.０１）,差异具有显著性意义。精液中的铜含量也有所提高。铅含量比治疗前减少,但并不具显著性。     

174例男性不育症患者精浆微量元素检测与分析

检测了174例男性不育症患者精浆锌、铁、铅、钙、镁等五种微量元素,以探讨不育症患者精浆微量元素含量与精液质量的关系。结果显示：（1）粘稠性精液组精浆锌含量显著低于正常粘度精液组（P＜0．01）,精浆钙含量低于正常度精液组（P＜0．05）,铁、铅、镁含量无差异（P＜0．05）。（2）无精子及少精子症组精浆铁、钙含量高于精子密度正常组（P＜0．01）,铜含量低于精子密度正常组（P＜0．01）,锌、镁含量无差异（P＜0．05）。（3）精子活动率低下组与正常组浆微量元素含量无差异（P＜0．05）。提示精浆锌、铁、铅、钙等微量元素含量改变是影响精液质量的重要原因之一。精浆镁含量与精液质量似无明显关系。     

Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins and Bamboo Leaf Flavonoids Improve the Quality of Bull Semen Cryopreservation

It is important to inhibit oxidative stress to maintain sperm motility during cryopreservation. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of supplementing oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) and bamboo leaf flavonoids (BLF) or their combination as an extender for Simmental bull semen freezing. OPC, BLF, or their combination were added to the frozen diluent of bovine semen. Afterwards, computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA), detection of membrane functionality, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial integrity, CAT, SOD, GSH-PX, MDA, and ROS were conducted. The results showed that adding 50 mg/L OPC or 4 mg/L BLF could improve the quality of frozen sperm. Compared with 50 mg/L OPC alone, the combination of 50mg/L OPC and 2 mg/L BLF significantly increased the kinematic parameters of sperm, and sperm CAT, GSH-PX and SOD levels (p < 0.05), whereas the MDA of sperm was decreased (p < 0.05). These results indicated that compared to the addition of 50 mg/L OPC alone, a combination of 50 mg/L OPC and 2 mg/L BLF could further improve the quality of frozen semen. The results could provide theoretical data support for the development of a new protective agent and are significant for the cryopreservation of bovine semen in the future.     

Determination of Gatifloxacin in Semen by HPLC with Diode-Array and Fluorescence Detection

The objective of this work was to develop an analytical HPLC method, using DAD and fluorescence detection, for determination of gatifloxacin in semen. A reversed-phase column was used with 90:10 water-acetonitrile, containing 10 mM TBA and 25 mM citric acid, as mobile phase. Semen was deproteinized with acetonitrile. Recovery was 95 ± 10%. The limits of quantification by DAD and fluorescence were 2.3 and 0.03 μg.mL^?1 respectively, with RSD of 3.4% for DAD and 2.8% for fluorescence. The method with fluorescence detection was used for quantification of gatifloxacin in the semen of patients under treatment.     

The Effects of Different Doses of ROCK Inhibitor,Antifreeze Protein III,and Boron Added to Semen Extender on Semen Freezeability of Ankara Bucks

In the presented study, the effects of ROCK inhibitor Y-27632, antifreeze protein III, and boron at two different doses were investigated on the spermatological parameters of Ankara buck semen after freeze–thawing. Ejaculates were collected from bucks using an electroejaculator during the breeding season. The ejaculates that showed appropriate characteristics were pooled and used in the dilution and freezing of semen. The extender groups were formed by adding two different doses of three different additives (ROCK inhibitor Y-27632, 5 and 20 µM; antifreeze protein III, 1 and 4 µg/mL; boron, 0.25 and 1 mM) to the control extender. The semen was diluted with the different extenders at 35–37 °C and loaded into straws. Sperm samples frozen in liquid nitrogen vapors, following equilibration, were stored in liquid nitrogen. It was observed that extender supplementation improved post-thaw motility of Ankara buck semen after freeze–thawing. Differences were significant (p < 0.01) for 5 and 10 µM doses of ROCK inhibitor (71.82% and 74.04 % motility), as well as for 0.25 and 1 mM doses of boron (76.36% and 72.08% motility), compared to the control group (66.15% motility). With respect to the evaluation of acrosomal integrity and mitochondrial activity after freeze–thawing, although supplementation provided protection at all doses, the efficacy was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). It was observed that DNA damage was improved by antifreeze protein III at 1 µg/mL (1.23% ± 0.23%) and by boron at all doses (0.25 mM: 1.83% and 1 mM: 1.18%) compared to the control group (3.37%) (p < 0.01), following the thawing process. In the present study, it was determined that some additives added to the extender provided significant improvements in buck spermatozoa motility and DNA damage after thawing.     

Total Aseptization of Boar Semen,to Increase the Biosecurity of Reproduction in Swine

The aim of the study was to establish the complete microbiological profile of boar semen (Sus scrofa domesticus) and to choose the most effective antiseptic measures in order to control and optimize AI reproduction in pig farms. One hundred and one semen samples were collected and analyzed from several pig farms. The microbiological profile of ejaculates was determined by evaluating the degree of contamination of fresh semen and after dilution with specific extenders. The bacterial and fungal load of fresh boar semen recorded an average value of 82.41/0.149 × 10³ CFU/mL, while after diluting the ejaculates the contamination value was 0.354/0.140 × 10³ CFU/mL. Twenty-four germs (15 bacterial and 9 fungal species) were isolated, the most common being Candida parapsilosis/sake (92%) and Escherichia coli (81.2%). Modification of the sperm collection protocol (HPBC) reduced contamination in raw sperm by 49.85% in bacteria (significant (p < 0.00001) and by 9.67% in fungi (non-significant (p < 0.111491). The load in bacteria and filamentous fungi can be controllable, but not in levuras fungi. Some fluconazole-added extenders (12.5 mg%), ensure fungal aseptization, and even an increase in sperm progressivity (8.39%) for at least a 12 h shelf life after dilution. Validation of sperm aseptization was done by maintaining sow fecundity unchanged after AI (insignificant p > 0.05).     

一种新颖的基于FTIR-CWT及ANN分类法的同科属中药材菟丝子与金灯藤的识别研究

采用水平衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱法（HATR-FTIR）测定了同属种子植物中药材菟丝子及金灯藤的FTIR,运用基于连续小波多分辨率分析法对吸收较为相似的菟丝子及金灯藤的FTIR进行特征提取。选择第7、10、13分解层数的特征向量,进行人工神经网络（ANN）训练,再用训练出来的网络对不同产地的植物种子菟丝子和金灯藤所得FTIR小波提取的特征向量进行分类。通过对32个不同样本的验证,说明能够采用基于FTIR-连续小波特征提取及人工神经网络分类法对同科属中药材菟丝子与金灯藤进行识别。     

Development of a Spectrofluorimetric Method for the Determination of Gatifloxacin in Semen

Abstract

Gatifloxacin is an 8‐methoxyfluoroquinolone, which shows strong activity against a wide variety of microorganisms. It has been applied for the treatment of male genital tract infections caused by Chlamydia and Mycoplasma species, which are found in many men with asymptomatic infertility. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an analytical spectrofluorimetric method to quantify gatifloxacin in semen. Determination was carried out at pH 3.0, using 300 nm and 486 nm as excitation and emission wavelengths, respectively. The detection and quantification limits were 0.06 and 0.2 µg/mL, respectively. The precision of the method expressed as the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.3% and the efficiency of recovery was in the range of 62%–72%. This method is fast, easy to perform, and allows the quantification of gatifloxacin in the semen of patients during treatment for genital tract infections; it could also be used with other biological fluids (serum, urine), after optimizing the test conditions.     

液质联用测定人参与五灵脂、莱菔子配伍的人参皂苷

采用液质联用(HPLC-ESI-MSn)技术,对不同比例的人参、五灵脂和人参、莱菔子的水煎液、沉淀和药渣进行研究,共鉴定了10种人参皂苷,并对这10种人参皂苷配伍前后的变化进行了系统的研究。实验结果表明,在共煎液中,除Ro外,其它皂苷的含量都有所下降。五灵脂或莱菔子的加入对人参皂苷的影响不同,莱菔子影响人参皂苷的溶出,而与五灵脂配伍,部分人参皂苷生成沉淀。