过敏性哮喘患者血清中镉铅铍含量的探讨

３４例过敏性哮喘患者血清中镉，铅，铍的含量与对照组比较，研究结果揭示：（１）铍的含量明显升高，差异有高度显著性，Ｐ〈０．０１；（２）镉和铅的含量明显下降，差异有高度显著性，Ｐ〈０．０１。     

正常小儿血清锌铜含量测定及几种疾病中锌、铜含量变化的观察报告

报道２３５名正常小儿血清锌、铜参考值（μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）：新生儿１３．３±１．９、１２．６±２．２，１～３个月龄时偏低，４月龄后增加，且恒定在１５．６±３．２、１７．４±３．４。铜／锌比值为１．１±０．２。疾病组１８０例患儿血清锌降低，以厌食、缺铁性贫血降低明显。血清铜增加，以恶性血液病增加显著，且与病情相关。Ｇ６ＰＤ缺陷溶血组血清锌减少比非溶血组减少明显．与Ｇ６ＰＤ活性、Ｇ６ＰＤ缺陷致溶血之间存在着一定的关系。了解血清钟、铜含量及其比值，对某些小儿疾病的诊断、治疗和预后均有一定的参考价值。     

皮肤病患者血清中铁锌铜锰硒钴含量的研究

１１６例皮肤病患者血清中铁,锌,铜,锰,硒,钴的含量与对照组比较。显示：（１）铁和铜的含量明显升高,硒和钴的含量明显降低,它们之间的差异有高度显著性,Ｐ〈０．０１;锌含量亦降低,两者之间的差异有显著性,Ｐ〈０．０５;锰的含量,两者差异无显著性,Ｐ〉０．０５。（２）可根据上述元素的变化特点,对皮肤病进行早期诊断和治疗。     

铜（Ⅱ）锌（Ⅱ）—氟哌酸体系电化学行为及示波极谱法研究

铜（Ⅱ）和锌（Ⅱ）分别在０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＨ２ＰＯ４－Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４缓冲溶液（ｐＨ６．５）和０．２５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ４Ｃｌ溶液中，与氟哌酸形成良好的络合吸附波，峰电位分别为－０．２６Ｖ和－１．２８Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），络合比分别为１：３和１：２，峰电流与铜（Ⅱ）和锌（Ⅱ）的浓度均在４．０×１０＾－７～５．０×１０＾－６ｎｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，检测限分别为７．０×１０＾－８和５．０×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ     

恶性骨肿瘤病人血清铜,锌测定

对１９名恶性骨肿瘤病人进行了血清铜、锌测定，与正常对照组进行比较，结果显示患病组血清铜２１．２±６．４４μｍｏｌ／Ｌ高于对照组的１４．２±３．６０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１），且铜／锌比值明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。血清锌两组间差异无显著性意义。     

微分电位溶出法测定人发中铜铅镉锌的研究

本文报道了０．００２５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）ＨＣｌ－０．２ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）ＮＨ＿（４）Ｃｌ底液中连续测定人发中铜、铅、镉、锌的微分电位溶出法。四元素峰电位分别为－０．２０Ｖ，－０．４６Ｖ，－０．６７Ｖ，一１．０２Ｖ（ＳＣＥ），峰形好，灵敏度高，干扰少，测定发样相对标准偏差≤４．３％，回收率为９７．６％～１０４．６％。并对ＨＮＯ＿３－ＨＣｌＯ＿４和ＨＮＯ＿（３）Ｈ＿（２）Ｏ＿２消化发样进行了比较。     

铜（Ⅱ）锌（Ⅱ）－氟哌酸体系电化学行为及示波极谱法研究

铜（Ⅱ）和锌（Ⅱ）分别在０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＨ＿２ＰＯ＿４－Ｎａ＿２ＨＰＯ＿４缓冲溶液（ｐＨ６．５）和０．２５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ＿４Ｃｌ溶液中，与氟哌酸形成良好的络合吸附波，峰电位分别为－０．２６Ｖ和－１．２８Ｖ（ｖｓ；ＳＣＥ）；络合比分别为１：３和１：２；峰电流与铜（Ⅱ）和锌（Ⅱ）的浓度均在４．０×１０￣（－７）～５．０×１０￣（－６）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，检测限分别为７．０×１０￣（－８）和５．０×１０￣（－８）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。用线性扫描和循环伏安法等手段研究体系的行为，表明均具吸附性，而铜（Ⅱ）－氟哌酸体系属络合物中铜（Ⅱ）的两电子还原的可逆过程。     

冠心病患者全血微量元素锌、铜、铁的分析

用原子吸收法测定５０例健康人、５２例冠心病患者全血微量元素锌、铜、铁的含量，并对５２例冠心病患者全血微量元素锌、铜、铁的含量及锌／铜比值，与其血脂总胆固醇（ＣＨ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白（ＨＤＬ）、低密度脂蛋白（ＬＤＬ）的浓度分别作线性相关分析。结果表明：（１）冠心病患者全血锌、铁、锌／铜比值均高于健康人（Ｐ＜０．０５），全血铜低于健康人（Ｐ＜０．０５）。（２）全血锌与ＨＤＬ呈负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）、锌／铜比值与总胆固醇呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５），铁与ＬＤＬ呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）．提示锌／铜比值增高及体内铁储存增加均可能是冠心病易患因素．     

导数示波极谱法测定锡铅

在Ｈ２ＳＯ４－Ｈ２Ｃ２Ｏ４介质中,用示波极谱法,Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）和Ｓｎ（Ⅳ）－ＤＰＧ体系可产生灵敏的络合吸附波。铅和锡的浓度分别在０．０８～１．６ｍｇ·Ｌ＾－１和０．０１～０．４ｍｇ·Ｌ＾－１范围内与各自的导数波高呈线性关系关系,检出限分别为０．０１ｍｇ·Ｌ＾－１和０．００２ｍｇ·Ｌ＾－１,并用于硬聚氯乙烯饮用水管材和管件酸浸泡液及饮用水中微量铅和锡的测定,结果满意。同时,测得Ｓｎ（Ⅳ）－Ｃ２Ｏ４＾２－     

174例男性不育症患者精浆微量元素检测与分析

检测了174例男性不育症患者精浆锌、铁、铅、钙、镁等五种微量元素,以探讨不育症患者精浆微量元素含量与精液质量的关系。结果显示：（1）粘稠性精液组精浆锌含量显著低于正常粘度精液组（P＜0．01）,精浆钙含量低于正常度精液组（P＜0．05）,铁、铅、镁含量无差异（P＜0．05）。（2）无精子及少精子症组精浆铁、钙含量高于精子密度正常组（P＜0．01）,铜含量低于精子密度正常组（P＜0．01）,锌、镁含量无差异（P＜0．05）。（3）精子活动率低下组与正常组浆微量元素含量无差异（P＜0．05）。提示精浆锌、铁、铅、钙等微量元素含量改变是影响精液质量的重要原因之一。精浆镁含量与精液质量似无明显关系。     

补肾调肝方对特发性少弱精症患者精液锌影响的临床观察

临床观察了60例特发性少弱精症患者使用补肾调肝方治疗后精液质量、精液微量元素锌的改变。60例患者精液密度、精液活力在治疗前后分别为(59.40±54.95)×10~6/mL、(85.48±75.58)×10~6/mL(P<0.05);(38.78±28.11)％、(47.10±28.74)％(P<0.05)。治疗前后精液锌含量分别为(1.79±1.20)mmol·L~(-1)、(1.96±1.07)mmol·L~(-1)。经计算,t值等于2.397,大于t_(0.05)(60),即P<0.05,治疗前后锌元素的差异有显著性意义。     

男性不育患者精液白细胞、巨噬细胞与锌的研究

为探讨男性不育患者精液白细胞、巨噬细胞与锌的关系,研究测定了85例男性不育患者精液白细胞、巨噬细胞和精浆锌的含量.结果提示,不育男性中精液白细胞≥106/mL组与精浆锌之间有显著性差异（P＜0.01）：精浆锌含量与巨噬细胞阳性组差异有显著性（P＜0.05）,说明精液白细胞、巨噬细胞可能对精浆锌的含量有一定的影响.     

Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins and Bamboo Leaf Flavonoids Improve the Quality of Bull Semen Cryopreservation

It is important to inhibit oxidative stress to maintain sperm motility during cryopreservation. The present study was performed to investigate the effects of supplementing oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) and bamboo leaf flavonoids (BLF) or their combination as an extender for Simmental bull semen freezing. OPC, BLF, or their combination were added to the frozen diluent of bovine semen. Afterwards, computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA), detection of membrane functionality, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial integrity, CAT, SOD, GSH-PX, MDA, and ROS were conducted. The results showed that adding 50 mg/L OPC or 4 mg/L BLF could improve the quality of frozen sperm. Compared with 50 mg/L OPC alone, the combination of 50mg/L OPC and 2 mg/L BLF significantly increased the kinematic parameters of sperm, and sperm CAT, GSH-PX and SOD levels (p < 0.05), whereas the MDA of sperm was decreased (p < 0.05). These results indicated that compared to the addition of 50 mg/L OPC alone, a combination of 50 mg/L OPC and 2 mg/L BLF could further improve the quality of frozen semen. The results could provide theoretical data support for the development of a new protective agent and are significant for the cryopreservation of bovine semen in the future.     

Total Aseptization of Boar Semen,to Increase the Biosecurity of Reproduction in Swine

The aim of the study was to establish the complete microbiological profile of boar semen (Sus scrofa domesticus) and to choose the most effective antiseptic measures in order to control and optimize AI reproduction in pig farms. One hundred and one semen samples were collected and analyzed from several pig farms. The microbiological profile of ejaculates was determined by evaluating the degree of contamination of fresh semen and after dilution with specific extenders. The bacterial and fungal load of fresh boar semen recorded an average value of 82.41/0.149 × 10³ CFU/mL, while after diluting the ejaculates the contamination value was 0.354/0.140 × 10³ CFU/mL. Twenty-four germs (15 bacterial and 9 fungal species) were isolated, the most common being Candida parapsilosis/sake (92%) and Escherichia coli (81.2%). Modification of the sperm collection protocol (HPBC) reduced contamination in raw sperm by 49.85% in bacteria (significant (p < 0.00001) and by 9.67% in fungi (non-significant (p < 0.111491). The load in bacteria and filamentous fungi can be controllable, but not in levuras fungi. Some fluconazole-added extenders (12.5 mg%), ensure fungal aseptization, and even an increase in sperm progressivity (8.39%) for at least a 12 h shelf life after dilution. Validation of sperm aseptization was done by maintaining sow fecundity unchanged after AI (insignificant p > 0.05).     

Development of a Spectrofluorimetric Method for the Determination of Gatifloxacin in Semen

Abstract

Gatifloxacin is an 8‐methoxyfluoroquinolone, which shows strong activity against a wide variety of microorganisms. It has been applied for the treatment of male genital tract infections caused by Chlamydia and Mycoplasma species, which are found in many men with asymptomatic infertility. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an analytical spectrofluorimetric method to quantify gatifloxacin in semen. Determination was carried out at pH 3.0, using 300 nm and 486 nm as excitation and emission wavelengths, respectively. The detection and quantification limits were 0.06 and 0.2 µg/mL, respectively. The precision of the method expressed as the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.3% and the efficiency of recovery was in the range of 62%–72%. This method is fast, easy to perform, and allows the quantification of gatifloxacin in the semen of patients during treatment for genital tract infections; it could also be used with other biological fluids (serum, urine), after optimizing the test conditions.     

Determination of Gatifloxacin in Semen by HPLC with Diode-Array and Fluorescence Detection

The objective of this work was to develop an analytical HPLC method, using DAD and fluorescence detection, for determination of gatifloxacin in semen. A reversed-phase column was used with 90:10 water-acetonitrile, containing 10 mM TBA and 25 mM citric acid, as mobile phase. Semen was deproteinized with acetonitrile. Recovery was 95 ± 10%. The limits of quantification by DAD and fluorescence were 2.3 and 0.03 μg.mL^?1 respectively, with RSD of 3.4% for DAD and 2.8% for fluorescence. The method with fluorescence detection was used for quantification of gatifloxacin in the semen of patients under treatment.     

液质联用测定人参与五灵脂、莱菔子配伍的人参皂苷

采用液质联用(HPLC-ESI-MSn)技术,对不同比例的人参、五灵脂和人参、莱菔子的水煎液、沉淀和药渣进行研究,共鉴定了10种人参皂苷,并对这10种人参皂苷配伍前后的变化进行了系统的研究。实验结果表明,在共煎液中,除Ro外,其它皂苷的含量都有所下降。五灵脂或莱菔子的加入对人参皂苷的影响不同,莱菔子影响人参皂苷的溶出,而与五灵脂配伍,部分人参皂苷生成沉淀。     

一种新颖的基于FTIR-CWT及ANN分类法的同科属中药材菟丝子与金灯藤的识别研究

采用水平衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱法（HATR-FTIR）测定了同属种子植物中药材菟丝子及金灯藤的FTIR,运用基于连续小波多分辨率分析法对吸收较为相似的菟丝子及金灯藤的FTIR进行特征提取。选择第7、10、13分解层数的特征向量,进行人工神经网络（ANN）训练,再用训练出来的网络对不同产地的植物种子菟丝子和金灯藤所得FTIR小波提取的特征向量进行分类。通过对32个不同样本的验证,说明能够采用基于FTIR-连续小波特征提取及人工神经网络分类法对同科属中药材菟丝子与金灯藤进行识别。     

慢性前列腺炎及其不育患者精液铜、锌元素的初步研究

慢性前列腺炎是男性中一种常见的疾病。会造成男性生育力的降低。本文对6例无生育力和18例有生育力的慢性前列腺炎患者精液中铜，锌元素进行了检测。结果表明，天生育力的患者精液中铜，锌含量与有生育力患者的含量无显著差异。所以，慢性前列腺炎不育与精液中铜，锌含量无相关性存在。     

The effect of infertile semen on the mRNA-based body fluid identification

In the past decade, mRNA markers have been well demonstrated as promising molecular markers in forensic body fluid identification (BFI), and successfully used in wide applications. Several studies have assessed the performance of semen-specific mRNA markers in distinguishing semen from other common body fluids at the crime scene. Infertility has been reported as a global health problem that is affecting approximately 15% of couples worldwide. Therefore, it is important for forensic researchers to consider the impact of infertility on semen identification. This study aimed to explore the effect of semen from infertile men (hereinafter “infertile semen”) on BFI and to identify semen-specific mRNAs that can efficiently and accurately distinguish normal and infertile semen samples from other body fluids. Results showed that the selected five mRNAs (KLK3, TGM4, SEMG1, PRM1, and PRM2) performed a significantly high semen specificity in normal semen. Moreover, KLK3 was slightly influenced by infertile semen samples with over 98% positive results in all semen samples. The accuracy to predict normal semen reached up to 96.6% using the discrimination function Y1 with KLK3 and PRM1. However, when the infertile semen samples were included in discrimination function (function Y2 with KLK3), the accuracy rate of semen identification (including the normal and infertile semen) was down to 89.5%. Besides, the sensitivity of multiplex assay could reach down to 50pg. Our results suggest that it is important to consider the presence of infertile semen when using mRNAs to identify semen samples, which would have a far-reaching impact in forensic identification.