核壳乳液聚合法制备含氟硅丙烯酸酯乳液

以氟醇RfCH2CH2OH和乙烯基硅氧烷VTES为原料合成的氟硅单体,与甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯在复合乳化体系中通过核壳乳液聚合制备了稳定的氟硅共聚乳液。对氟硅单体和氟硅丙烯酸酯共聚物的结构用红外光谱进行了表征,结果表明,得到了目标单体和共聚物。共聚物的TEM形态观察发现,乳胶粒子具有明显的核壳结构,平均粒径在125 nm左右。与丙烯酸酯共聚物相比,氟硅丙烯酸酯共聚物乳胶膜的吸水率降低至8.32%,热分解温度提高了23℃,耐溶剂性与氟硅单体的含量关系不大。     

含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物防粘剂的制备及其表面性能研究

以甲基异丁基甲酮为溶剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸十八酯、丙烯酸丁酯和甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯为原料,溶液聚合制得了均一的含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物防粘剂,并研究了其表面性能。结果表明:全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯单体的加入显著降低了共聚物的表面能,提高了共聚物膜的硬度、耐水、耐碱、耐溶剂等性能。当加入ω(氟单体)为30%时,表面能降低至14.7 mN/m,低于有机硅类防粘剂的表面能,含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物膜与压敏胶的的剥离力较低,剩余粘附率为93.2%,该共聚物膜的防粘等综合性能最好。     

水溶性丙烯酸酯共聚物的研究

本文合成了一系列不同结构和组份的丙烯酸酯共聚物,并运用 IR、NMR、MS、热分析等分析测试手段,研究了共聚物的组成和链结构,计算了链结构中甲基、羧基和α-H 的含量;研究了共聚物的结构与性能的关系、羧基含量与水溶性的关系及α-H 与热稳定的关系。地此基础上合成了性能优良的水溶性丙烯酸酯共聚物,为金属表面处理提供一种水溶性封闭漆。     

氟化（甲基）丙烯酸酯聚合物结构与表面润湿性

氟化（甲基）丙烯酸酯聚合物是一类新型的低表面能材料,它的氟化链段使其具有优异的疏水疏油性能,而非氟化（甲基）丙烯酸酯链段则赋予了其良好的溶解性和相容性。通过设计和控制氟化（甲基）丙烯酸酯聚合物的结构可改变聚合物表面润湿性。本文综述了影响氟化（甲基）丙烯酸酯均聚物、无规共聚物、嵌段共聚物、接枝共聚物、核壳共聚物和交联网状共聚物表面润湿性的因素,通过分析聚合物的结晶度、表面元素含量、表面能和接触角讨论了聚合物结构与表面润湿性及润湿稳定性之间的关系,并给出了相关模型,为今后设计合成具有稳定表面润湿性的氟化（甲基）丙烯酸酯聚合物提供了理论依据和指导。     

含疏水链节的聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺共聚物的温敏性

采用溶液聚合法合成了一系列N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)与甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯或甲基丙烯酸丁酯的无规共聚物,用浊度观测法和光散射法测定了不同共聚物水溶液的温敏相转变行为.结果表明:所得共聚物的低临界溶解温度(LCST)均低于均聚物PNIPAM的,酯类单体的结构和含量对共聚物的LCST有显著影响,其中酯基上的烷基对共聚物LCST的影响能力大于丙烯酸酯α位上的烷基,前者对增大共聚物的疏水性有更大贡献.通过NIPAM与特定丙烯酸酯单体进行无规共聚可以合成转变温度低于PNIPAM均聚物且具有预设LCST数值的水溶性温敏聚合物.     

含氟共聚物的制备及其对古砂岩的保护研究

本文选用丙烯酸丁酯(BA)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为非含氟单体,甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(DFHM,C11H8O2F12)为含氟单体,分别获得了含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液(BA/MMA/DFHM)和含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物溶液[P(BA-MMA-co-DFHM)],并分别选用毛细吸收法、喷涂法和刷涂法将其应用于古建筑砂岩的保护研究。结果表明:P(BA-MMA-co-DFHM)溶液因分子量小而容易渗到砂岩内部,在降低砂岩吸水率,提高耐紫外光和耐冻融老化性方面,更能起到良好的保护效果。     

含氟/硅丙烯酸酯乳液的合成进展

含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物具有良好的成膜性、光泽性、柔韧性、耐污性及耐腐蚀性,广泛应用于防腐耐候涂料。但其对基体的附着性差,对颜料、填料的润湿性差,不耐低温,加之含氟丙烯酸酯单体价格昂贵,大量使用受到限制。含氟/硅丙烯酸酯共聚物不仅兼备了含氟聚合物的诸多优良性能,而且能有效地提高与基体的附着力并降低聚合物成本。本文综述了氟/硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液常用单体;核壳型乳胶粒的结构及影响因素;氟/硅丙烯酸酯共聚物合成路线。     

一种光响应性热敏聚合物的合成及性能表征

合成了偶氮单体 2 [4 (4′ 乙氧基苯基偶氮 )苯氧基 ]乙基丙烯酸酯 (EAPEA) ,利用核磁共振、傅立叶红外和元素分析法对其分子结构进行了表征 .利用该单体与异丙基丙烯酰胺共聚得到一种对温度和光敏感的共聚物 .共聚物中少量的EAPEA单元能够显著降低聚异丙基丙烯酰胺 (PNIPA)的相转变温度 .当EAPEA的摩尔含量为 2 94%时 ,相转变温度从PNIPA均聚物的 31 8℃下降为 2 2 0℃ .在波长为 36 5nm的紫外光照射下 ,共聚物中的偶氮基团能够从反式构型转变为顺式构型 .在紫外光下照 30s后 ,EAPEA摩尔含量为 0 98%的聚 {异丙基丙烯酰胺 共 2 [4 (4′ 乙氧基苯基偶氮 )苯氧基 ]乙基丙烯酸酯 }的相转变温度从 2 7 2℃上升到2 9 3℃     

含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物的合成与表征

本文以丙烯酸丁酯(BA)和1,1,5-三氢全氟戊基丙烯酸酯 (OFPA)为主要单体,甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为活性单体,采用间歇式滴加乳液聚合法合成了含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物.采用红外光谱法和X-射线光电子能谱法对共聚物的结构进行了表征,对共聚物的凝胶含量、耐水、耐溶剂性能以及热性能进行了测试.结果表明共聚物具有良好的耐水和耐溶剂性能,共聚物中保持一定的凝胶率可降低其表面粘性,有利于后期混炼加工;DSC测得的共聚物的玻璃化转变温度可低于-30℃,保持了较好的低温性能.     

一种光响应性热敏聚合物的合成及性能表征

合成了偶氮单体2-[4-(4′-乙氧基苯基偶氮)苯氧基]乙基丙烯酸酯(EAPEA),利用核磁共振、傅立叶红外和元素分析法对其分子结构进行了表征.利用该单体与异丙基丙烯酰胺共聚得到一种对温度和光敏感的共聚物.共聚物中少量的EAPEA单元能够显著降低聚异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPA)的相转变温度.当EAPEA的摩尔含量为2.94%时,相转变温度从PNIPA均聚物的31.8℃下降为22.0℃.在波长为365nm的紫外光照射下,共聚物中的偶氮基团能够从反式构型转变为顺式构型.在紫外光下照30s后,EAPEA摩尔含量为0.98%的聚{异丙基丙烯酰胺-共-2-[4-(4′-乙氧基苯基偶氮)苯氧基]乙基丙烯酸酯}的相转变温度从27.2℃上升到29.3℃.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.