Carbohydrates ofAlium. VIII. Polysaccharides ofAllium coeruleum

The group carbohydrate composition of the bulbs ofAllium coeruleum Pall. have been studied. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the glucofructans, pectin substances, and hemicelluloses isolated have been determined and their physicochemical characteristics are reported. A general formula for the glucofructan fromA. coeruleum bulbs is given on the basis of the results of periodate oxidation, methylation, and IR, and¹³C NMR spectroscopy.Deceased.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 17–21, January–February, 1985.     

Phytoecdysteroids of plants of the genus Serratula. Ajugasterone C 20,22-monoacetonide from Serratura wolffii

The phytoectysteroids of the epigeal part of the plantSerratula wolffii Andrae have been investigated. The structure of a new ecdysteroid — ajugasterone C 20,22-monoacetonide has been established. Seven known acdysteroids have been isolated and identified.Institute of Biochemistry, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kiev. Institute of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Republic Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 71–76, January–February, 1992.     

Berberis alkaloids. XVII. Investigation of the alkaloids of Berberis heteropoda

The alkaloid composition of young shoots and leaves ofBerberis heteropoda Schrenk has been studied. In addition to known alkaloids, two new ones have been isolated — N-methyldihydroberberine and 8-oxoberberrubine, the structures of which were established by chemical transformations and a study of spectral properties. Of known alkaloids, berbamunine, aromoline, glaucine, thalicmidine, isocorydine, and reticuline have been found in this plant for the first time. Pseudopalmitine and laudanosine have been found for the first time in plants of the genusBerberis.Andizhan State Medical Institute. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of Uzbek Republic Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 53–59, January–February, 1993.     

Berberis alkaloids. XXIX. An investigation of the alkaloids ofBerberis sibirica

The alkaloid compositions of the roots, young shoots, and leaves of Berberis sibirica have been studied, and berberine, palmatine, columbamine, berberrubine, oxyacanthine, berbamine, 8-oxoberberine, 8-oxoberrberubine, pakistanine, and pronunciferine, and also the new base N-acetylhomoveratrylamine have been isolated. This is the first time that any of these alkaloids, except berberine, have been isolated from this plant.Andizhan State Medical Institute. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbekistan Republic, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 424–428, May–June, 1993.     

Chemical investigation ofHippopha? rhamnoides. II. Main components of the neutral reaction of the saponification products of an extract of the leaves of the sea buckthorn

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral fraction of the products of the saponification of a diethyl ether extract of a sea buckthorn leaves have been investigated. Fourteen triterpene compounds and eight aliphatic alcohols have been identified from the results of GLC, CMS, and PMR and also from their melting points.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Novosibirsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 514–519, July–August, 1985.     

Immobilization of the enzyme L-asparaginase of E. coli on polysaccharides. V. Preparation and properties of polymeric conjugates based on water-soluble CM-cellulose differing by the quantitative amounts of polymer

A precedure has been developed for the chemical binding of L-asparaginase to soluble CM-cellulose which permits final immobilization products with different degrees of modification to be obtained. Some physicochemical and immunological properties of the samples obtained have been studied.A. Kirkhenshtein Institute of Microbiology, Latvian SSR Academy of Sciences, Riga. All-Union Scientific-Research Technological Institute of Antibiotics and Enzymes for Medical Synthesis, Leningrad. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 581–587, July–August, 1987.     

Insect pheromones and their analogues. XLVI. Synthesis of 13RS-hydrooxytetradec-5Z-enoic acid — The acyclic precursor of the macrolide component of the pheromone of Cryptolestes pusillus

New routes for the synthesis of 13RS-hydroxytetradec-5Z-enoic acid — the acyclic precursor of the macrolide component of the pheromone ofCryptolestes pusillus have been developed on the basis of the readily accessible 1-methylcycloocta-1Z, 5Z-diene or isopropyl nona-3E,8-dienoate.Institute of Biological Plant Protection, Moldovian Academy of Sciences, Kishinev. Scientific-Research Institute of Forestry and Forestry Mechanization, Pushkino. Moscow Institute of Wood Technology; and Georgia Institute of Mountain Forestry, Tbilisi. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedeninii, No. 1, pp. 150–155, January–February, 1993.     

Berberis alkaloids. XVI. Structure of berpodine

The alkaloid composition of young shoots ofBerberis heteropoda has been studied. Together with known alkaloids, we have isolated the new dimeric base berpodine and have established its structure by a study of spectral characteristics and by chemical transformations. The known alkaloid isotetrandrine has also been isolated from this plant, for the first time.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances Uzbekistan Republic Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Andizhan State Medical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 264–267, March–April, 1993.     

Chemical investigation of the biomass of a culture of ginseng cells. IV. Quantitative analysis of the ginsenosides of the total glycosidic fraction by the HPLC method

The total glycosidic fractions of four samples of ginseng cell cultures have been analyzed by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and it has been shown that only the BIO-2 samples contained ginsenosides — protopanaxadiol derivatives. The concentrations of these ginsenosides in the biomass of the cell culture was considerably lower than in the natural root. Samples of the biomass of a culture of cells of the IFRZh-1 strains contained no ginsenosides.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Biochemical Machinery Design, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 361–363, May–June, 1990.     

Immobilization of the enzyme L-asparaginase fromE. coli on polysaccharides IV. Covalent binding with dialdehyde-dextran

The synthesis has been effected of immobilizedE. coli L-asparaginase on medical dextran — poliglyukin. The influence of the bound polymer on some physicochemical properties of the final products have been studied. An increased resistance to heat and stability on storage of the immobilized forms of L-asparagine in comparison with a native enzyme has been found. It has been shown that the polymer modification of L-asparaginase leads to a decrease in the antigenic affinity of the immobilized enzyme as compared with the native enzyme.Institute of Organic Synthesis, Academy of Sciences of the Latvian SSR, Riga. All-Union Scientific-Research Technological Institute of Antibiotics and Enzymes for Medical Purposes, Leningrad. A. Kirkhenshtein Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Latvian SSR, Riga. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 766–771, November–December, 1986.     

The immobilization of the enzymeE. coli L-asparaginase on polysaccharides. III. Covalent binding with 3-bromo-2-hydroxypropyldextran

The synthesis of immobilized L-asparaginase on 3-bromo-2-hydroxypropyldextran has been effected. Some physicochemical properties of the preparations obtained have been studied. A stabilizing effect of the modification on the heat stability of the L-asparaginase has been detected. The influence of the bound polymer on the antigenic properties of the enzyme have been established.Institute of Organic Synthesis, Academy of Sciences of the Latvian SSR, Riga. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 224–228, March–April, 1981.     

Alkaloids of Oxytropis. I

From the epigeal parts of two species ofOxytropis growing in Mongolia we have isolated the new alkaloids (+)-N-benzoyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethylamine and (–)-N-nicotinoyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethylamine, and also N-benzoyl-2-phenylethylamine, this being the first time this substance has been found in nature. The structures of the alkaloids were established on the basis of a comparative analysis of their spectral characteristics. Features of the mass-spectrometric behavior of this compound have been studied.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Mongolian Peoples' Republic. Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Nos. 3,4, pp. 388–393, May–August, 1992.     

Triterpene glycosides of Gypsophila patrinii II. The structure of philoside A

Summary From the roots ofGypsophila patrinii two high-molecular-weight triterpene glycosides have been isolated — philosides A and B. The structure of philoside A has been established; it is a gypsogenin nonaoside.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan' Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Correspondence Institute of Soviet Commerce. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 598–603, September–October, 1974.     

Composition of the resinous substances of conifer needles. III. Waxy substances from the woody verdure ofPinus sylvestris

The individual compositions of the wax isolated from an isopropyl extract of the woody verdure and of an industrial sample of needle wax have been investigated with the aid of GLC. The acids isolated from the wax have been identified, and the alcoholic fraction has been separated without identification. It has been shown that the wax obtained from the isopropyl alcohol extracts is suitable for industrial use.Siberian Technological Institute, Krasnoyarsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 264–266, March–April, 1985.     

A mass-spectrometric study of insect pheromones. II. Epoxy compounds

The mass spectra of epoxy compounds have been studied and the positions of the epoxy rings and their configurations have been shown.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. A. S. Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 130–135, January–February, 1992.     

Steroid glycosides. XIX. A chemical study of funkiosides E and G from the leaves ofFunkia ovata

Summary 1. Gitogenin, diosgenin, kogagenin, ruscogenin, and tokorogenin have been isolated for the first time fromFunkia ovata Spr.2. Structures of two new steroid glycosides — funkiosides E and G — have been determined.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR, Kishinev. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 69–72, January–February, 1977.     

Isolation and purification of biopolymers by affinity chromatography. VI. Preparation and properties of an affinity adsorbent with a polysaccharide spacer for the purification of proteolytic enzymes

A new affinity sorbent has been synthesized — soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI)-amylopectin-hydrazidosuccinyl-Sepharose — and its properties have been studied in comparison with those of an analogous adsorbent without the spacer STI-Sepharose. The STI-amylopectin-hydrazidosuccinyl-Sepharose adsorbent has been used for the purification of trypsin from porcine pancreas and of callicrein from human blood plasma.For Communication V, see [1].Institute of Biological and Medicinal Chemistry, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 556–560, July–August, 1980.     

Berberis alkaloids. XXIII. Structure of turcberine

Berberine, magnoflorine, palmatine, columbamine, jatrorhizine, epiberberine, berbamine, O-methylisothalicberine, armepavine, corypalline, glaucine, and corydine and the new alkaloid turcberine have been isolated fromBerberis turcomanica Kar., and the structure of turcberine has been established. Apart from berberine, this is the first time that any of these alkaloids have been isolated from this species of barberry, while this is the first time that corydine and armepavine have been isolated from the genusBerberis.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Republic Academy of Sciences. Tashkent. Andizhan State Medical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedeninii, No. 1, pp. 77–81, January–February, 1993.     

Triterpenoids from Abies species. IV. New triterpene acids from the needles of Abies sibirica

Four new triterpene acids of the mariesiic acid series have been isolated from an extract of the needles of the Siberian fir in the form of their methyl esters, and their structures have been established on the basis of chemical transformations, spectral characteristics, and x-ray structural analysis.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, USSR Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 824–831, November–December, 1987.     

Primary structure of the alanine subunit of ricin T from seeds of the Central Asian castor oil plant. V. Peptides obtained by cyanogen bromide cleavage

The cleavage of the carboxymethylated Ala subunit of ricin T by cyanogen bromide has been performed. Four fragments have been isolated in the individual state by gel filtration and high-voltage paper electrophoresis. The sequence of the cyanogen bromide peptides in the protein chain has been established. Partial structures of three cyanogen bromide fragments have been determined.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 845–848, November–December, 1988.