Testing the PCP-rule

Abstract  

According to the recently discovered phenylcyclopentadienyl (PCP) rule, the intensity of cyclic conjugation in the five-membered ring of acenaphthylene and fluoranthene-type polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons increases with the number of PCP fragments present in the molecule. We now tested this rule by DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory and confirmed its validity.     

色貌空间均匀性测试

均匀颜色空间在跨媒体颜色管理中起着重要的作用。本文以D65光源下的孟塞尔系统、Ebner和Fairchild恒常色相数据的CIEXYZ三刺激值作为输入值,利用三个模型预测相应的明度、彩度、色相的值,并根据预测值评价了常用色貌空间CIELab、CIECAM02-Jab、IPT的均匀性。实验结果表明,在明度均匀性方面,CIELab和IPT的明度均匀性较好,预测明度与孟塞尔明度V基本成线性关系,CIECAM02-Jab的均匀性稍差,预测相同孟塞尔明度的颜色得到的明度值并不完全相同;在彩度均匀性方面,CIELAB的均匀性最好,IPT均匀性最差;在色相均匀性方面,IPT的均匀性要优于CIECAM02-Jab和CIELab的均匀性,而CIELab的色相均匀性较差。     

基于智能手机的即时检测

新冠肺炎疫情的爆发使人们对即时检测(POCT)的需求不断增加,而智能手机作为目前人类最离不开的工具,在POCT中具有巨大的应用潜力。基于智能手机的POCT有以下独特的优点:(1)操作简单,不需要专业培训;(2)无需长时间等待,可以及时获得测试结果;(3)制作成本低,有利于在资源有限地区使用。因此,基于智能手机的POCT正迅速成为传统实验室检测的潜在替代方法。在这里,我们以POCT所检测的对象(体液、挥发性有机化合物、生命体征)为分类的基础,并结合目前主流的传感策略,包括比色技术、荧光技术、电化学技术、压电传感、热电传感、超声传感、光电传感等,对近三年基于智能手机的传感器在POCT中的应用进行了全面的回顾。我们评估了这些传感器的性能以及发展潜力,此外,还介绍了POCT中使用的新兴技术,如纳米技术、柔性电子器件、微流体技术、生物可降解技术、自供能技术、多路检测等。最后,总结了目前基于智能手机的POCT面临的问题,并对其未来的发展进行了展望。     

Parallel Synthesis and Testing of Catalysts under Nearly Conventional Testing Conditions

Acceleration by one to two orders of magnitude for catalyst development without much loss of information: Parallelized synthesis and screening has been used to evaluate catalysts for the room-temperature oxidation of CO. The overall process was highly reproducible, and the data quality is comparable to that of conventional testing. The graph shows the results of parallel testing of Au/Co₃O₄ catalyts at 25°C (y=yield of CO₂).     

Testing of the influenza virus purification by CIEF

In virological practice, the pre‐concentration, purification and subsequent determination of the purity and concentration of the viruses from the cultural medium and/or from the real sample are required. The conventional techniques used today are equipment demanding, time‐consuming and laborious. In this study, the CIEF of influenza viruses with UV detection has been developed and subsequently used to test the purification of the virus from the biological samples. The equine and swine influenza viruses present in infected allantoic fluid of specific pathogen free embryonated chicken eggs were precipitated by using PEG 6000 and sodium chloride. The precipitated viruses were centrifuged at 14 000×g, and the impurities of different densities were removed by using the sucrose gradients. The efficiency of the virus purification technique was examined by the CIEF and compared to the results of real‐time PCR. The pIs of both influenza viruses were determined. Simultaneously, the CIEF was found to be a suitable method for the rapid testing of the efficiency of the virus purification.     

Testing the 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane linker in olefin metathesis

Compounds 12-15, possessing two styrenes connected by a silicon linker [1,1,3,3 tetramethyl-di-siloxane], were synthesized, characterized and used as model compounds for the ring-closing metathesis (RCM) catalyzed by commercially available ruthenium catalysts 1, 2 and 3. The RCM reactions of 12 and 15 in the presence of catalysts 1 or 2 resulted exclusively in the formation of (E)-stilbenes. The RCM reactions of 13 and 14, compounds possessing alkoxide substituents in the ortho position to styrene functionality, were not observed in the presence of 2, presumably due to the formation of inactive Hoveyda type ruthenium complexes. The RCM of mixture of 12 and 15, with 2, was used for the detailed examination of the mechanism of metathesis reactions investigated in this work. They revealed that both inter- and intramolecular metathesis is possible, in this case, despite the use of siloxane linker.     

On the DAPS Capability for Testing the Chemisorbed Species Location

The DAPS can properly indicate the surface layer of platinum atoms that is mostly affected in the course of H₂, O₂ adsorption, H₂+O_ads and NO+H_ads interactions on the Pt(100)-(1×1) single crystal surface.     

Roadside Drug Testing Approaches

The purpose of this review is to present an overview of roadside drug testing, driving enforcement, and drunk/drug driving detection around the world. Drunk and drug driving is a severe problem, not only in the UAE, but also around the world. This has important implications for road safety as drunk or drug driving may increase the chances of a driver’s involvement in a road crash when compared to a drug-free driver. Recently, due to increases in drug-impaired drivers’ crash involvement, many mobile roadside drug testing devices have been introduced to the market. These devices use oral fluid, urine or blood matrices. These are on-the-spot tests, which are easy to use and are applied by law enforcement agencies and the public. Law enforcement agencies most commonly use oral fluid to detect the presence of illicit drugs in drivers. This review discusses all the available devices in the market used by the authorities. It also describes the type of drugs widely abused by drivers along with behavioral testing methods. The different types of matrices used for roadside drug testing are also evaluated. Sample collection, storage, and pre-treatment methods are discussed, followed by the confirmatory analysis of positive samples. This article will significantly help law enforcement agencies compare and evaluate all the reliable roadside testing devices and new emerging confirmatory devices available to them in the market. This will help them make an informed decision on which device to adapt to their individual needs.     

Testing the photocatalytic activity of cyanogen-and thiocyanogen-based inorganic polymers

The photocatalytic properties of some cyanogen-and thiocyanogen-based inorganic polymers, such as paracyanogens containing different metals (Hg, Ag, Cu), polythiocyanogens of different iodine contents, polycyanogen and poly (cyanogenthiocyanate), have been tested in two systems. Cu-containing paracyanogen and the iodine-poor polythiocyanogens catalyze the photoreduction of methylviologen under visible light, furthermore the Cu-containing paracyanogen catalyzes the photoreduction of water to hydrogen under UV irradiation.

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数据离群值的检验及处理方法讨论

由目前普遍使用的分析化学教材中与离群值相关的内容出发,对其进行对比和分析,说明数据离群值检验的意义和重要性。对几种常见的离群值判定方法进行了列举和比较,并对已确认为异常值的数据的处理方法也进行了对比和讨论。各种检验和处理方法各有其优势和劣势,根据实际情况选择不同方法或多种方法配合使用,能够更好地实现对离群值的检验和处理。     

Testing the veracity of claims of Lewis acid catalysis

Are reactions employing Lewis acids really catalysed by those Lewis acids, or by “hidden Brønsted acids”, i.e. Brønsted acids generated in situ by hydrolysis? Testing of a series of reactions using Sc(III), Fe(III), In(III) and Y(III) by addition of 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylpyridine reveal that all are likely to follow the latter pathway. A reaction claimed to be catalysed by CBr₄ through halogen bonding is also likely to be Brønsted acid catalysed.     

Supramolecular assemblies from amphiphilic homopolymers: Testing the scope

It has been shown by us in a recent communication that homopolymers, in which each repeat unit contains a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic head group, are capable of forming environment-dependent micellar or inverse micellar assemblies. A systematic structure-property relationship study is carried out here to test the scope of the design. We show here that the molecular design is indeed broadly applicable and that there is a significant gain in the critical aggregation concentrations of these polymers, as compared to the small molecule counterparts. We also show that the design can be tuned to achieve vesicle-type assemblies, which further expands the repertoire of amphiphilic homopolymers in a variety of areas. Characterizations of these assemblies have been carried out using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, static light scattering, and dye incorporation experiments.     

Journal of Analysis and Testing

<正>Editor-in-Chief:H.Tu Presents research papers on all fundamental and applied topics in analytical chemistry Offers critical reviews on hot topics and communications introducing novel ideas Includes conference information,and invited comments on analysis and testing development