Chemical and immunochemical investigation of the lipopolysaccharides ofVibrio alginolyticus

A chemical and immunochemical study of the LPSs of the microorganismsVibrio alginolyticus (strains 1385–80, 945–80, and 2076–80) has been made. A difference in the monosaccharide composition of the LPSs of the strains studied has been shown. It had been established that the LPSs of strains 945–80 and 2076–80 possess a high serological specificity, while the LPS of strain 1385–80 differ serologically from them. A suggestion is made of the role of different monosaccharides in the formation of the immunochemical determinants of the LPSs of the strains studied.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Far-Eastern Scientific Center of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Priorodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 652–657, September–October, 1987.     

Chemical investigation of biomass of a culture of ginseng cells III. Polysaccharides of a callus culture of ginseng

A water-soluble polysaccharide fraction has been isolated from a callus culture of ginseng with a yield of 16–20%. It has been shown that it included starch a and acidic polysaccharides — arabinogalactans and a xyloglucan.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, USSR Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Biochemical Machinery Design, USSR Ministry of the Medical Industry, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 771–772, November–December, 1989.     

Adsorption of low level51Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by bismuth trioxide: Kinetic and IR study

Radiotracer technique has been used for the investigation of adsorption of chromium (VI) traces on bismuth trioxide from aqueous solution. The effect of pH (2–10), concentration of chromate solution (10^–6–10^–2M) and temperature (303–323 K) has been thoroughly investigated. The influence of certain foreign ions has also been studied. The calculated kinetic and thermodynamic parameters indicate the first order rate law, spontaneity and exothermic nature of the adsorption process. Further, IR studies have established the chemical interaction between the sorbate and sorbent and a possible mechanism of the sorption process based on ligand exchange has been proposed.     

Decarboxylation products of echinocystic acid

Summary 1. The structure of norechinocystenolone has been established and it has been shown to be identical with the natural nortriterpene albigenin.2. The isomerization of isonorechinocytenedione into norechinocystenedione consists in the migration of a double bond from 12–13 position to the 13–18 position.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 230–235, 1967     

The structure of teucrin A

Summary The structure of a new 18-norditerpenoid — teucrin A, isolated from the plantTeucrium chamaedrys L. — has been demonstrated. It has been shown that it belongs to the furolactones with a rearranged labdane skeleton.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 31–35, January–February, 1973.     

Synthesis of [4-histidine]oxytocin

Summary A new synthetic analog of oxytocin — [4-histidine] oxytocin — has been obtained and its uterotonic activity has been determined.Leningrad State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Khimii, No. 4, pp. 498–502, July–August, 1975.     

X-ray structural investigation of alkaloids. II. Molecular structure and absolute configuration of (?)-pseudokopsinine

Summary By a complete x-ray structural investigation, the structural formula of (–)-pseudokopsinine has been refined and its absolute configuration has been determined.Institute of Heteroorganic Compounds, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 197–206, March–April, 1976.     

Structure of diptocarpilidine

Diptocarpilidine (bp 193–194° (4 mm)) has been isolated from the epigeal part and seeds ofDiptychocarpus strictus (Fisch) Trautv., and its structure has been established as 1-cyano-6-methylsulfinylhexane.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 84–86, January–February, 1984.     

Molecular heterogeneity and antiviral and interferon-inducing activities of the drug Savrats

The molecular-mass distribution of the drug Savrats has been studied by gel filtration on HW-55 f. It has been shown that the drug is heterogeneous and that the fraction with a molecular mass of 25–25 kDa exhibits a high biological activity.Mirzo Ulugbek Tashkent State University, fax (3712) 46 24 72. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 112–114, January–February, 1998.     

Phospholipids of the medium-fiber cotton plant variety 159-F

Summary 1. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the PLs of an industrial medium-fiber cotton plant of variety 159-F (1972 and 1974 harvests) have been considered. It has been shown that the total PL amounted to 1.76 and 1.85% and consisted of 60–65% PC, 16–18% PI, 6–8% PE, and 10–14% of combined minor components, respectively.2. The distribution of the lipid phosphorus has been studied during the isolation of PLs by selective solvents. The lipid phosphorus amounted to 5.5% of the total phosphorus in the seed kernels.3. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the fatty acids of the individual lipid fractions and of the individual PCs, PIs, and PEs have been determined. The position distribution of the fatty acids of the main groups of PLs has been established and a possible molecular composition has been given.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 198–202, March–April, 1977.     

Phospholipase A2 from the venom of the spider Eresus niger

A phospholipase A₂ with a molecular mass of 12–14 kDa has been isolated from the venom of the spiderEresus niger by three-stage column chromatography. Asparagine has been identified as the N-terminal amino acid.Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 557–560, July–August, 1991.     

Metabolites of the pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae VII. The phytotoxic pigment PKZh-1 from the culture liquid

Summary The phytotoxic pigment PKZh-1 that causes the characteristic symptoms of wilt in tests on cotton-plant shoots in a concentration of 100–150 µg/ml, has been isolated from the culture liquid of the fungusVerticillium dahliae Kleb.On the basis of qualitative reaction, spectral characteristics, and a study of hydrolysis products, PKZh-1 has been assigned to the peptide group. A red substance identified as 3,6,8-trihydroxy-1,4-naphthaquinone has been isolated from an acid hydrolyzate of PKZh-1.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 690–693, September–October, 1977.     

Nonempirical calculations of potential-energy surfaces for nucleophilic addition of H− and F− to an acetylene molecule

The minimal energy paths for the nucleophilic addition of a hydride ion (H^–) and a fluoride ion (F^–) to a molecule of acetylene (A) have been calculated with the use of 3–21++G and 3–21+G double basis sets in the framework of the Hartree-Fock-Roothaan method. The values of the total energies of the reactants, transition states, and products have been refined by means of calculations with more complete basis sets [6–31++G// 3–21++G and 6–31++G*//3–21++G for reaction (1); 6–31+G*//3–21+G and 6–31++G**//3–21+G for reaction (2)] and by taking into account the correlation energy for reaction (1) in the framework of the SCEP/6–31++*//3–21++G method. It has been established that the activation energy of reaction (2) is 15.94 kJ/mole lower than that for reaction (1), that reaction (1) is exothermic, and that the enthalpy change accompanying reaction (2) is close to zero. The character of the distribution of the electron density along the minimal energy paths of both reactions has been analyzed, and the differences appearing as a result of the replacement of the soft nucleophile H^– by the harder nucleophile F^– have been ascertained. The results of the calculations have been compared with the results available in the literature for reaction (1).Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 149–155, March–April, 1989.     

Hysteresis effect and autooscillation phenomena in the oxidation of 1-hexene on palladium

The gas-phase oxidation of 1-hexene on a palladium film has been investigated in a gradient-free reactor at atmospheric pressure and temperatures of 293–693 K, at flow rates of 0.3–0.15 liter/min and an initial concentration of hexene in air of 15.5·10^–4 M. Autooscillation phenomena have been observed and a hysteresis effect in the reaction rate as function of temperature, caused by the branched-chain heterogeneous-homogeneous reaction mechanism.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 107–110, January–February, 1988.     

Alkaloids of Stephania hernandifolia VIII. Methylhernandine

Summary A new hasubanan alkaloid with the composition C₂₀H₂₇O₆N, mp 152–153°C (ether-methanol) has been isolated from the herbStephania hernandifolia and has been called methylhernandine. The alkaloid has been shown to be identical with the methylamino alcohol obtained in the hydrolysis of hernandifoline.All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 455–457, July–August.     

The question of the production of Plantaglyutsid

The stage of extracting Plantaglyutsid from the leaves of rippleseed platain has been optimized by the methods of mathematical statistics. Information has been obtained on the optimum parameters of performing the process, as a result of which the yield of desired product has been increased and the amount of energy used and the consumption of extractant have been decreased.Tahskent Pharmaceutical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 735–737, November–December, 1985.     

Carrier-mediated transport of rare earth elements through liquid membranes

Transport of tervalent REEs–Sc, Y, Ce, Eu, Gd, Tm, Yb—from nitrate medium through flat-sheet SLM containing DEHPA in n-dodecane, supported on a nucleoporous filter, has been studied. Influences of both aqueous phase acidities, concentrations of metal and carrier were investigated. Transport courses of the metals in question had been obtained and their premeation coefficients or initial fluxes were evaluated. Separation of some binary mixtures Ce–Tm, Ce–Yb, Ce–Sc was experimentally achieved.     

Alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides tricrotonyltetramine

Summary From the fraction of strong bases ofSophora alopecuroides (flowering stage) a base C₁₂H₂₄N₄, mp 101–103°C, has been isolated which has been identified as tricrotonyltetramine. Its stereoconfiguration has been established.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 752–754, November–December, 1974.     

Liquid chromatography with triple-quadrupole or quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry for screening and confirmation of residues of pharmaceuticals in water

LC–MS–MS has been performed with triple-quadrupole (QqQ) and quadrupole-time of flight (Q-ToF) instruments and has been used for screening and confirmation of pharmaceuticals in surface, drinking, and ground water. Screening was based on monitoring of one specific MS–MS ion of the target compounds. Confirmation of the identity of the pharmaceuticals was based either on the monitoring of two specific MS–MS ions and calculation of the ratio of their intensities, or on the exact masses of MS–MS product ions obtained for a molecular ion by use of LC–Q-ToF MS. The set of pharmaceuticals included four analgesics (acetylsalicylic acid, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and paracetamol), three antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin, and chloramphenicol), five blood-lipid regulators and beta-blockers (fenofibrate, bezafibrate, clofibric acid, bisoprolol, and metoprolol), and the anti-epileptic drug carbamazepine. Limits of quantification ranged from 5 to 25 ng L^–1. Fifty-six samples were analysed and residues of the pharmaceuticals were detected in almost all surface and groundwater and in some drinking water samples. The identity of the compounds could be confirmed by use of both QqQ- and Q-ToF-based LC–MS–MS. However, the latter technique has the distinct advantage that a large number of pharmaceuticals can be screened and confirmed at low concentrations (1–100 ng L^–1) in one run.     

Some physicochemical parameters of transferrin isolated from rat blood serum

Chromatography on ion-exchange resins has yielded a homogeneous iron-containing glycoprotein — transferrin. The amino acid composition of the protein has been shown, it has been established that the N-terminal amino acid of the protein is threonine, and the sedimentation coefficient has been calculated, being 5.8 S.Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 89–92, January–February, 1980.