Synthesis of bis-fused tetrathiafulvalene with mono- and dicarboxylic acids

Bis-fused tetrathiafulvalenes with mono- and dicarboxylic acids, 2-{5-(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)-[1,3]dithiolo[4,5-d][1,3]dithiol-2-ylidene}-1,3-dithiole-4-carboxylic acid (1) and 2-{5-(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)-[1,3]dithiolo[4,5-d][1,3]dithiol-2-ylidene}-1,3-dithiole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (2) have been synthesized. The electronic structure of 1 and 2 was examined from their optical absorption spectra and using density-functional calculations.     

Synthesis of polychlorinated mono- and bisimides of cyclic dicarboxylic acids containing diene-dienophile fragments

Polychlorinated diene-dienophile mono- and bisimides formed at the acylation of N-aminoimides of 1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3- and endo,exo-1,2,3,4,11,11-hexachlorotricyclo[6.2.1.0^5,10]-undec-2-ene-7,8-dicarboxylic acids with maleic anhydride in DMF.     

Synthesis of mono- and dilactones from 2,7-disubstituted 4-octene-1,8-dioic acids

2,7-Disubstituted 4-octene-1,8-dioic acids are formed by heating the-lactones of 2,7-disubstituted 4-hydroxyoctane-1,8-dioic acids to 250°C. The bromination of these unsaturated dicarboxylic acids gives,-dilactones of 2,7-disubstituted 4,5-dihydroxyoctane-1,8-dioic acids.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 12, pp. 1590–1592, December, 1971.     

Synthesis of mono- and diarylacetylenes

Arylacetylenes have been synthesized by CC coupling of lithium acetylide with aryl bromide in the presence of a palladium(0) catalyst.     

Capillary electrochromatographic analysis of aliphatic mono- and polycarboxylic acids

The parameters influencing the electrochromatographic separation of aliphatic organic acids in a capillary column with a wall-coated macrocyclic polyamine have been studied. Indirect detection using chromate, pyromellitate, trimellitate, o-phthalate, benzoate and acetate as background electrolytes has been tested. A complete separation of polyprotic acids could be achieved with pyromellitate buffer (7.5 mM, pH 6.5), and satisfactory results for the simultaneous separation of monoprotic acids and polyprotic acids were found using a capillary column of 70 cm (50 cm effective length)x75 microm inner diameter, electrokinetic injection (-10 kV, 10 s), benzoate buffer (6 mM, pH 4.6), separation voltage of -10 kV, and detection at 220 nm. For the separation of the geometric isomers fumarate and maleate, acetate buffer was found the best choice among the background electrolytes tested. The method so established has been applied to the determination of organic acids in soy sauce, brandy, lemon juice, spinach juice and cigarette. From the retention behavior, it was found that the separation mechanism on the bonded phase was influenced by the macrocyclic effect, electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and anion exchange, in addition to the differences in electrophoretic mobility.     

Synthesis of cyclic mono- and bis-disulfides and their selective conversion to mono- and bis-thiosulfinates

Twelve-membered ring pseudopeptidic cyclic disulfides have been prepared by iodine oxidation of the parent dithiols. However, oxidation of N,N′-(1,2-phenylene)bis(2-mercapto-2-methylpropanamide) afforded a 25/75 mixture of cyclic mono- and bis-disulfides that were separated by selective precipitation in CHCl₃. The cyclic bis-disulfide was selectively prepared by iodine oxidation of the Ni complex of this dithiol and crystallized. Its crystal structure was solved by X-ray diffraction. All these cyclic mono- or bis-disulfides were selectively converted to cyclic mono- and bis-thiosulfinates upon stoichiometric oxidation with dimethyldioxirane at low temperature. ¹H NMR of the cyclic bis-thiosulfinate revealed the presence of four isomers, two couples of stereoisomers, as expected from the insertion of two oxygen atoms in this compound, one on each disulfide bond. The two couples of cis/trans isomers were separated by preparative TLC and identified after alkaline cleavage of the two S(O)-S bonds and metalation with Ni(II). As HO⁻ attack is selective for the sulfinyl sulfur, the nature of the Ni complexes obtained is a signature of each couple of stereoisomers.     

Synthesis of mono- and symmetrical di-N-hydroxy- and N-aminoguanidines

Novel mono- and symmetrical di-N-hydroxy- and N-aminoguanidines were readily prepared from the reaction of diverse hydroxylamines or hydrazines with reagent classes di(benzotriazol-1-yl)methanimine 6, (bis-benzotriazol-1-yl-methylene)amines 8a,b, benzotriazole-1-carboxamidines 10a-i, benzotriazole-1-carboximidamides 11a,b, and N'-hydroxy-1H-1,2,3-benzotriazole-1-carboximidamide 18. The preparation is described for a variety of N-hydroxy- and N-aminoguanidines with different substitution patterns in good yields.     

Synthesis of mono- and di-O-sulfates of spacer-armed lactose

Russian Chemical Bulletin - A series of spacer-armed lactose derivatives with one or two O-sulfo groups in various positions, namely, 6-O-Su-Lac, 3´,6-O-Su2-Lac, 6´-O-Su-Lac,...     

Reaction of triethylsi lane with unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids

Conclusions Two consecutive reactions, dehydrocondensation and hydrogenation, take place when triethylsilane is reacted with the cinnamic and fumaric acids in the presence of colloidal nickel.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 701–703, March, 1975.     

Extraction of mono- and dicarboxylic acids from a curative water

A method for the analysis of mono- and dicarboxylic acids from water is presented. For this purpose two techniques, a C₁₈ solid phase extraction (SPE) and a combination method of liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and aminopropyl SPE, were tested. With the combination method all analytes, short-chain mono- and long-chain dicarboxylic acids, could be analysed in one approach. The C₁₈ SPE was not suitable for short-chain mono- but for dicarboxylic acids. Concentrations in the investigated water ranged from 315 mg/l (butanoic acid) to 2.9 mg/l (octanoic acid). Dicarboxylic acids were found from 5 mg/l (octanedioic acid) to 0.5 mg/l (dodecanedioic acid).     

Extraction of mono- and dicarboxylic acids from a curative water

A method for the analysis of mono- and dicarboxylic acids from water is presented. For this purpose two techniques, a C(18) solid phase extraction (SPE) and a combination method of liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and aminopropyl SPE, were tested. With the combination method all analytes, short-chain mono- and long-chain dicarboxylic acids, could be analysed in one approach. The C(18) SPE was not suitable for short-chain mono- but for dicarboxylic acids. Concentrations in the investigated water ranged from 315 mg/l (butanoic acid) to 2.9 mg/l (octanoic acid). Dicarboxylic acids were found from 5 mg/l (octanedioic acid) to 0.5 mg/l (dodecanedioic acid).     

Synthesis of mono- and polyhydroxylated cyclobutane nucleoside analogs

Enantiomerically enriched cyclobutene compounds 13 and 24 are good precursors of several cyclobutane nucleoside analogs. The synthetic ways involve, in the key step, either hydroboration or dihydroxylation.     

Synthesis of mono-, oligo- and polyamide-cucurbituril rotaxanes

Mono-, oligo- and polyamide rotaxanes with the macrocycle cucurbituril are synthesized easily with high yields by interfacial condensation. The complex of cucurbituril with 1,6-hexanediammonium ion is used as preorganized structure. With different acid and diacid chlorides a great variety of amiderotaxanes and polyrotaxanes can be synthesized. The characterization is difficult due to the low solubility of cucurbituril and rotaxanes. But with the methods of IR, DTA, ¹H NMR and elemental analyses, the existence of the rotaxanes is shown.     

Macromolecule — Metal complexes based on salts of unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids: Synthesis and characterization

The radical polymerization and copolymerization of salts of unsaturated carboxylic acids were used for the production of metal-containing polymers. The kinetic peculiarities and copolymerization parameters were estimated. The synthesis and structure of transition metal acrylates, maleates, fumarates, and itaconates are discussed. The influence of the metal atom on salt reactivities and reaction rates is observed.     

Synthesis and chemical transformations of mono- and disubstituted cyanamides

The review briefly discusses the known methods for the preparation of substituted cyanamides, their typical transformations, and some aspects of practical applications of these compounds in medicine, various branches of industry, and agriculture.Translated from Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii, Vol. 40, No. 10, 2004, pp. 1439–1454.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Nekrasov.Dedicated to the memory of Prof. Yu.S. Andreichikov     

Synthesis and structural characterization of mono- and bisfunctional o-carboranes

Functionalized o-carboranes are interesting ligands for transition metals. Reaction of LiC2B10H11 with Me2NCH2CH2Cl in toluene afforded 1-Me2NCH2CH2-1,2-C2B10H11 (1). Treatment of 1 with 1 equiv. of n-BuLi gave [(Me2NCH2CH2)C2B10H10]Li ([1]Li), which was a very useful synthon for the production of bisfunctional o-carboranes. Reaction of [1]Li with RCH2CH2Cl afforded 1-Me2NCH2CH2-2-RCH2CH2-1,2-C2B10H10 (R = Me2N (2), MeO (3)). 1 and 2 were also prepared from the reaction of Li2C2B10H10 with excess Me2NCH2CH2Cl. Treatment of [1]Li with excess MeI or allyl bromide gave the ionic salts, [1-Me3NCH2CH2-2-Me-1,2-C2B10H10][I] (4) and [1-Me2N(CH2=CHCH2)CH2CH2-2-(CH2=CHCH2)-1,2-C2B10H10][Br] (6), respectively. Interaction of [1]Li with 1 equiv. of allyl bromide afforded 1-Me2NCH2CH2-2-(CH2=CHCH2)-1,2-C2B10H10 (5). Treatment of [1]Li with excess dimethylfulvene afforded 1-Me2NCH2CH2-2-C5H5CMe2-1,2-C2B10H10 (7). Interaction of [1]Li with excess ethylene oxide afforded an unexpected product 1-HOCH2CH2-2-(CH2=CH)-1,2-C2B10H10 (8). 1 and 3 were conveniently converted into the corresponding deborated compounds, 7-Me2NHCH2CH2-7,8-C2B9H11 (9) and 7-Me2NHCH2CH2-8-MeOCH2CH2-7,8-C2B9H10 (10), respectively, in MeOH-MeOK solution. All of these compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and elemental analyses. The solid-state structures of 4 and 6-10 were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analyses.     

Cotrimerization of mono- and dinitriles of perfluorocarboxylic acids under high pressures

Cotrimerization of mono- and dinitriles of perfluorocarboxylic acids under high pressures affords oligoperfluoroalkylenetriazines. These oligomers are highly efficient stabilizers of thermooxidative destruction of perfluoropolyethers, when they are contacting with metals at elevated temperatures.Deceased.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1814–1816, September, 1995.