Kinetic parameters of the thermal decompositions of nitritonickelates(II)

Kinetic parameters of thermal decomposition of compounds of general formulaM ₂ ^I M ^II[Ni(NO₂)₆], whereM ^I= K⁺, Rb⁺ or Cs⁺ andM ^II= Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺ or Ba²⁺, were investigated on the basis of the respective thermal curves. Calculations of the reaction order and activation energy carried out by the Coats-Redfern method and by Doyle's method (modified by Zsakó) gave similar results, The reaction order is 2 for all the compounds investigated. In the group of potassium salts the activation energy increases fromM ^II=Ca²⁺ toM ^II=Ba²⁺. In the groups of rubidium and caesium salts, the lowest activation energy is observed whenM ^II=Sr²⁺. Such behaviour of the nitritonickelates is explained in terms of structures and the principle of maximum density.

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Zusammenfassung Die kinetischen Parameter der thermischen Zersetzung von Verbindungen der allgemeinen FormelM ₂ ^I M ^II [Ni(NO₂)₆] (M ^I= K⁺, Rb⁺ oder Cs⁺ und M^II = =Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺ oder Ba²⁺) wurden auf Grund der entsprechenden thermischen Kurven untersucht. Die an Hand der Coats-Redfern Methode und der durch Zsakó modifizierten Doyleschen Methode durchgeführten Berechnungen der Reaktionsordnung und der Aktivierungsenergie ergaben ähnliche Resultate. Die Reaktionsordnung ist 2 für sämtliche untersuchten Verbindungen. In der Gruppe der Kaliumsalze steigt die Aktivierungsenergie vonM ^II=Ca²⁺ in RichtungM ^II=Ba²⁺ an. In der Gruppe der Rubidium- und Caesiumsalze wird die niedrigste Aktivierungsenergie beiM ^II=Sr²⁺ beobachtet. Dieses Verhalten der Nitritonickelate wird durch die Strukturen und das Prinzip der maximalen Dichte erklärt.

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₁ ^{2 II}[Ni(NO₂)₆], ^I= ⁺, Rb⁺Cs⁺,a ^II= ²⁺,8r²⁺²⁺. , - ( ), . 2. ^{+ 2+}. ^II=S²⁺. .

     

Effect of composition of the solvent on the selectivity of competitive hydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol and 1-hexene

The selectivity of competitive hydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol and 1-hexene on 5% Pt on silica gel catalyst at 20°C and atmospheric pressure was investigated, and the effect of changes in the composition of the solvent on the selectivity of hydrogenation was examined. Three solvent systems have been used: methanol-water, 1-heptanol-cyclohexane and ethanol-cyclohexane mixtures. The causes underlying changes in the selectivity of hydrogenation with changing composition of the solvent are discussed.

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2--3--2- 1- 5% Pt 20°C . . 1- . .

     

Transition State Geometry and a Polar Effect in the Reactions of Peroxy Radicals with Oxygen-Containing Compounds

The reactions of structurally different peroxy radicals with the C–H bonds of oxygen-containing compounds (ketones, aldehydes, ethers, and esters) were analyzed in terms of a parabolic model. The enthalpies of these reactions and the activation energies of equienthalpic reactions of peroxy radicals with hydrocarbons were calculated, and the contribution of the polar interaction E to the activation energy was evaluated. The geometry parameters of the transition state were calculated with the use of an algorithm developed based on quantum-chemical calculations in combination with the intersecting parabolas method. It was found that the polar interaction resulted in a change in the configuration of the C···H···O reaction center in the transition state from linear to angular. A different angle (C···H···O) from 180° appeared in this case. The following linear correlation between E (kJ/mol) and cos (180° – ) was obeyed: cos (180° – ) = 1 + 6.76 × 10^–3E .     

Quantitative phase analysis from permeability versus temperature curves

The expressions for quantitative phase analysis from permeability versus temperature curves are discussed, and the results are illustrated by the determination of magnetic Co₂ Y remnants (2CoO·2BaO·6Fe₂O₃) in Co₂Z (2CoO·3BaO·12Fe₂O₃) samples. The method is well suited for the determination of small inclusions of a magnetic phase in a given magnetic material, in a range where X-ray methods become useless as a rule.

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Zusammenfassung Zwecks quantitativer Phasenuntersuchungen wird die Auswertung von Permeabilitäts-Temperatur Diagrammen näher beschrieben und die Ergebnisse mit der Bestimmung von magnetischen Co₂Y Resten (2CoO · 2BaO · 6Fe₂O₃) in Co₂Z (2CoO·3BaO·12Fe₂O₃) Proben illustriert. Diese Methode ist zur Bestimmung von geringen, mittels röntgenographischen Verfahren nicht feststellbaren magnetischen Phaseneinschlüssen in einem bestimmten magnetischen Material sehr geeignet.

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, Co₂Y (2CoO·2BaO·6Fe₂O₃) Co₂Z (2CoO·3BaO·12Fe₂O₃). , , , .

     

Order and disorder in mixed metal linear chains: The homo and heterobimetallic EDTA (M(H2O)4OIOII)[M′(EDTA)] · 6H2O complexes (M = Mg,Mn, Co,Zn and Ni; M′ = Co,Ni, Cu and Zn)

Summary Polymetallic solid solutions of the ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA) and six divalent metal ions exist in the range: MgMnCoZnNiCu(EDTA) · 6H₂O where + + + + + =2, 01, 0,,2, 0, 1.This type of structure is characterized by the presence of two different octahedral carboxylate-bridged coordination sites forming infinite zig-zag chains. Visible and i.r. spectra and t.g.a. analysis show that there is occupational preference for the two coordination sites in the crystalline structure.Due to this preference, and also to the structural features, the heterobimetallic MM(EDTA) · 6H₂O compounds constitute a structurally new class of materials which can be described as ordered alternating-heterobimetallic polymeric coordination complexes.     

Characterization of water-soluble,cationic polyelectrolytes as exemplified by poly(acrylamide-co-trimethylammoniumethylethacryate chloride) and the establishment of structure-property relationships

The cationic copolymerization products of poly (acrylamide-co-trimethylammoniumethylmethacrylate chloride (PTMAC) having cationic monomer percentages of 8%, 25%, and 50% as well as the cationic homopolymer, were characterized with respect to their molecular dimensions. The light-scattering and viscometric measurements were carried out for molecular weights ranging from 200 000 to 12 800 000 g/mol in 1 M NaCl solution at 25°C. It was possible to establish a relationship between the molecular weight and the two parameters: intrinsic viscosity and radius of gyration, for all four polymers.Rheological investigations of the flow properties in 1 M NaCl solution were also carried out using the polymer with a cationic monomer of 50% (PTMAC 50). Structure-property relationships were formulated which made it possible to describe and predict the shear viscosity, both in the zero-shear region (Newtonian region) and in the shear-dependent region (non-Newtonian region) as a function of the polymer concentration, the molecular weight, and shear rate.Abbreviations a exponent of the []-M relationship - A ₂ 2^nd virial coefficient/mol·cm³·g^–2 - AAm acrylamide - b slope of the flow-curve in the shear-rate dependent region - c concentration/g·cm^–3 - dn/dc refractive index increment/cm³·g^–1 - f function - K constant of the []-M relationship/cm³·g^t-1 - m _c proportion of cationic monomers/mol % - M molecular weight/g·mol^–1 - M _w weight-average molecular weight/g·mol^–1 - M _n number-average molecular weight/g·mol^–1 - NaCL sodium chloride - PAAm polyacrylamide - PS polystyrene - PTMAC poly(acrylamide-co-trimethylammoniumethylme thacrylate chloride) - R_G ^20.5 radius of gyration/nm - TMAC trimethylammoniumethylmethacrylate chloride - shear rate/s^–1 - critical shear rate/s^–1 - viscosity/Pa·s - 0 zero-shear viscosity/Pa·s - _s solvent viscosity/Pa·s - _sp specific viscosity - [] intrinsic viscosity/cm³·g^–1 - relaxation time/s     

Komplexe des zweiwertigen Kobalts mit p-Methylbenzamidoxim

Zusammenfassung Die Komplexbildung des Kobalts mit p-Methylbenzamidoxim (pMBz) in alkal. Lösung wurde spektrophotometrisch untersucht. Die Ligandenzahl und die Bildungskonstanten wurden nach logarithmischen Methoden bestimmt. Bei niedrigeren Konzentrationen des pMBz entsteht ein Komplex 11 (bei höheren 12). Die Bildungskonstanten bei 25°C und =0,02 sind ₁=(2,95±±0,06)·10⁵ und =21,±0,3.

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Co(II) complexes of p-Methylbenzamideoxime

The complex formation of cobalt with p-methyl benzamidoxime in alkaline solution was investigated spectrophotometrically, and the ligand number and the formation constants were determined by logarithmic methods. At low pMBz concentrations a 11 complex is formed and at higher ones a 12 complex. The formation constants are ₁=(2,95±0,06)·10⁵ and ₂=21,8±0,3 at 25°C and =0,02.

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Mit 6 Abbildungen     

Thermal analysis of the interaction of phosphorite with condensed phosphates of calcium

The thermal reactions between Maardu (Estonia) phosphorite and acidic phosphates were investigated. TG, DTG and DTA of mixtures with H₃PO₄, Ca(H₂PO₄)₂ · H₂O, Ca₂P₂O₇ and [Ca(PO₃)₂]_n in different molar ratios showed a maximum mass loss when the CaO P₂O₅ value was 2. The main temperature ranges of the mass losses were determined. The probable reactions relating to the mass losses are given on the basis of the thermal curves and IR spectra.

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Zusammenfassung Die thermische Reaktion zwischen Phosphorit aus Maardu (Estnien) und sauren Phosphaten wurde untersucht. TG, DTG und DTA von Gemischen mit H₃PO₄, Ca(H₂PO₄)₂ · H₂O, Ca₂P₂O₇ und [Ca(PO₃)₂]_n in verschiedenen molaren VerhÄltnissen zeigten den grö\ten Massenverlust bei dem VerhÄltnis von CaO P₂O₅=2. Die wichtigsten Temperaturbereiche der Massenverluste wurden bestimmt. Die den Massenverlusten zugeordneten wahrscheinlichen Reaktionen werden aus den erhaltenen thermischen Kurven und IR Spektren ermittelt.

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Résumé Etude de l'effet thermique lié à la réaction entre la phosphorite de Maardu (Estonie) et les hydrogénophosphates. Etude par TG, TGD et ATD de mélanges de H₃PO₄ avec Ca(H₂PO₄)₂ · 2 H₂O, Ca₂P₂O₇ et [Ca(PO₃)₂]_n réalisés avec différents rapports molaires; mise en évidence d'une perte de masse maximale pour le rapport CaO P₂O₅ égal à deux. Détermination des principaux domaines de température où s'effectuent les pertes de masse. On donne les réactions probables correspondant aux pertes de masse en s'appuyant sur les courbes d'analyse thermique et spectres infrarouges.

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() . TG, DTG DTA H₃PO₄, Cc(H₂PO₄)₂. H₂O, Ca₂P₂O₇ [Ca(PO₃)₂] _n , CaOP₂O₅ 2. . , .

     

Synthesis and characterization of some methyl complexes of palladium(II). Part 2(1)

Summary Dichloro complexes of Pd^II, [Pd(L–L)Cl₂], where L–L=1-(thiomethyl)-2-(diphenylarsino)ethane (S–As) or 1-(thiomethyl)-2-(diphenylphosphino)ethane (S–P) andtrans-[PdL₂Cl₂], where L=diphenyl(2-phenylethyl)-phosphine (PE), diphenyl(1-naphthyl)phosphine (PN) orN-methyl-2-thiophenealdimine (SN), have been prepared and characterized. The reactions of these complexes with MeLi were investigated. The dimethyl complexes [Pd(L–L)Me₂] (L–L=S–As, S–P) and [Pd(PE)Me₂] were isolated and characterized. Reaction of [Pd(L–L)Me₂] (L–L=S–As, S–P) with HCl affords the monomethyl derivatives [Pd(L–L)Me(Cl)]. In contrast to the Pt analogues, [Pd(L–L)Me₂] and [Pd(L–L)Me(Cl)] are relatively less stable than [Pt(L–L)Me₂] and [Pt(L–L)Me(Cl)].     

Fast non-destructive determination of silicon in coal by means of /n,n′ γ/ and /n, γ/ processes

The possibilities were evaluated of nondestructive determination of silicon content in large-scale samples of coal /about 20–50 kg/, based on the spectrometry of prompt -radiation from processes /n, n /, E=1779 keV and /n, /, E=3539 keV and 4935 keV. The neutron sources were either²⁴¹Am–Be or²⁵²Cf located additionally in D₂O moderator. A Ge/Li/ detector was used for -radiation detection. In exposure times of up to 2 h, the detection limits of 1.3% and 0.9% and accuracies of silicon determination of 0.66% and 0.40% have been achieved in case of /n, / and /n, n / processes, respectively.     

Kinetics of autoxidation of potassium O-butyl dithiocarbonate catalyzed by cobalt(II) tetrasulfophthalocyanine

Autoxidation kinetics of potassium O-butyl dithio-carbonate catalyzed by cobalt(II) tetrasulfophthalocyanine has been studied polarographically. The reaction follows two parallel pathways of zero and first order with respect to dioxygen, each being a Michaelis function of the substrate concentration. On the basic of data obtained and those reported previously for cysteine autoxidation, a general reaction mechanism is suggested.

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O- , - (II). , , . , , .

     

The First New Hydrogen-Bonded Heterohexanuclear Complex [(salen)Cu]4[(salen)Fe(H2O)2]2(ClO4)2: Molecular and Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties

The preparation, magnetic properties, and crystal structure of [(salen)Cu]₄[(salen)Fe(H₂O)₂]₂(ClO₄)₂ via hydrogen bonding are described [salen=N,N-ethylenebis (salicylideneiminate)]. Crystals are triclinic, of space group , with cell constants a=12.853(3), b=13.921(3), c=14.251(3) Å, =68.68(3)°, =87.86(3)°, =86.82(3)°, and Z=1. The structure was solved and refined to R=0.064 and R=0.068. The structure comprises the hexanuclear units which result from the linking of four mononuclear fragments [(salen)Cu] and two mononuclear fragment [(salen)Fe(H₂O)]⁺, through Cu -O H -O -Fe -O -H O -Cu hydrogen bonds of coordinating H₂O. In this complex, Fe^III ions are in almost square-planar surroundings. The temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibilities of the complex have been studied in the 4.2–300 K range, indicating the presence of an antiferromagnetic interactions between metal ions.     

Preparation and characterization of a series of poly(acrylamide-co-acrylates), with a copolymer composition between 0–96.3 mol-% acrylate units with the same degree and distribution of polymerization

A series of linear poly(acrylamide-co-acrylates) (PAAm/AAcNa) has been prepared covering a copolymer composition between 0 and 96.3 mol% acrylate units, which have the same degrees of polymerization and chain length distributions. Measurements of viscosity and light scattering have proven that maximum coil dimensions of PAAm/ AAcNa in salt solutions are achieved at about 67 mole-% AAcNa. This so-called maximum behaviour was researched by measuring the radius of gyration, second virial coefficient, molecular weight, preferential solvation, viscosity and absorption bands of the copolymer series. Thus, an increase in the possible ways of arranging AAcNa-AAm-AAcNa units (via H-bonds) will lead to extended coil dimensions and therefore influence the viscosity. In addition, it can therefore be concluded from all these results that the maximum behaviour is real and not influenced by the different distributions of the samples. The copolymer composition can be easily determined by infra-red spectroscopy by use of a proposed relation.Abbreviations A₂ second virial coefficient (mole · cm³ · g^–2) - AAm acrylamide - AAcH acrylic acid - AAcNa sodium acrylate - c polymer concentration (g · cm^–3) - salt concentration (g · cm^–3), (Val · cm^–3) - C _LS critical concentration obtained by light scattering (g · cm^–3) - d _[] viscosity equivalent diameter of a sphere (nm) - E extinction - FW _s formula weights of salt - g _s gram of salt - g _p gram of polymer - GuaCl guanidinium chloride - h ^21/2 root mean square end-to-end distance (nm) - K optical constant for unpolarized incident light (mole · cm² · g^–2) - M molarity (mole · 1^–1) - M _w weight average molecular weight (g · mole^–1) - N _L Avogadro constant 6.023 · 10²³ mole^–1 - P _n number average degree of polymerization - P _w weight average degree of polymerization - PAAm poly(acrylamide) - PAAcH poly(acrylic acid) - PAAcNa poly(sodium acrylate) - PAAm/AAcNa poly(acrylamide-co-sodium acrylate) - R _[] Rayleigh ratio of the scattering at angle (cm^–1) - R _G ² _Z ^1/2 root mean square average radius of gyration (nm) - R _[] viscosity equivalent radius of a sphere (nm) - T temperature (°C), (K) - u excluded volume (cm³ · g^–1) - V molar volume (cm³ · mole^–1) - V _s partial specific volume - X mole fraction - (NH₂) oscillation of deformation - extinction coefficient - ₀ zero shear viscosity (Pa · s), (mPa · s) - _red reduced viscosity (cm³ · g^–1) - [] intrinsic viscosity (cm³ · g^–1) - _a constant of preferential solvation (g · g^–1) - ₀ wavelength of light in vacuo (nm) - chemical potential - v _as stretching vibration - scattering angle (°)     

In Situ Generation of the Fulvalene Ligand via C–H Activation by Gray Antimony and Its Incorporation into the Tetrahedral Cluster [(μ,η5:η5-C10H8) (η5-C5H5)M3(CO)6(μ3-Sb)] (M=Mo or W)1

The first tetrahedral clusters containing a single naked antimony atom have been prepared by the thermolysis of [CpM(CO)₃]₂ (M=Mo or W) in the presence of gray antimony at 180°C in toluene in a sealed Carius tube. X-ray structural characterization revealed that, in addition to the incorporation of Sb in the cluster, it has also affected coupling of two Cp rings to form [(, ⁵: ⁵-C₁₀H₈)( ⁵-C₅H₅)-M₃(CO)₆( ₃-Sb)]. It is only the second example of in situ formation of the fulvalene ligand for group-6 metal. Simultaneous with the C–C coupling reaction, a mirror of Sb forms on the reaction tube; this indicates that SbH₃ is formed in the hydrogen abstraction step, which then subsequently decomposes at the tube wall.     

Über das Tetrahydrospiro [cyclohexan-1,2′(1′H)-chinazolin]-4′(3′H)-on

Zusammenfassung Das beim Erhitzen von Cyclohexanon und Harnstoff entstehende Produkt ist nicht als Cyclohexyliden-2-carbamylcyclohex-1-enylamin, sondern als 5, 6, 7, 8-Tetrahydrospiro-[cyclohexan-1,2(1H)-chinazolin]-4(3H)-on zu formulieren¹. Analog gebaute Verbindungen bilden sich aus Cyclopentanon bzw. Cycloheptanon und Harnstoff. Die genannten Kondensate sind als cyclische -Carbamylenamine aufzufassen; charakteristisch sind die Reaktivität der zur NH-Gruppe/1, in peri-Stellung befindlichen CH₂-Gruppe bzw. der Kernstelle 4a.

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-Carbamoyl enamines: 5. 6. 7. 8-Yetrahydrospiro [cyclohexane-1,2 (1H)-quinazoline]-4 (3H)-one. (Heterocycles, XXIII)

The product obtained by heating cyclohexanone with urea has been found to be 5. 6. 7. 8-tetrahydrospiro[cyclohexane-1.2(1H)-quinazoline]-4(3H)-one, not cyclohexylidene-2-carbamoylcyclohex-1-enylamine, as was previously assumed¹. Compounds with analogous structures were formed by heating cyclopentanone or cycloheptanone with urea. Characteristic features of this class of compounds, i.e. -carbamoyl enamines, are the enhanced reactivities of the nuclear 4 a-position and of the methylene group in the peri-position to NH-1.

     

Thermometric study of the dissociation equilibria of the maleinimidodioxime

The values of the dissociation constants of the maleinimidodioxime are potentiometrically determined at various ionic strengths, and extrapolated to zero ionic strength (pK ₁ ^T =10.41;pk ₂ ^T =11.60). From these values and from the thermometric titration curves the enthalpies of neutralization (H _N1=–21.76,H _N2=–23.77 kJ/mol) and the thermodynamic parameters of dissociation of this substance at 25.0 °C are determined ( G ₁ =59.41, G ₂ =66.23, H ₁ =34.06, H ₂ =32.05 kJ/mol; S ₁ =–85.06, S ₂ =–114.64 J/(K mol)).

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Zusammenfassung Die Werte der Dissoziationskonstanten von Maleinimidodioxim wurden potentiometrisch bei verschiedenen Ionenstärken bestimmt und auf die Ionenstärke Null extrapoliert (pK ₁ ^T =10.41;pK ₂ ^T =11.60). Aus diesen Werten und aus den thermometrischen Titrierungskurven wurden die Neutralisierungsenthalpien (H _N1=–21.76,H _N2=–23.77 kJ/mol) und die thermodynamischen Dissoziationsparameter dieser Substanz bei 25 °C bestimmt ( G ₁ =59.41, G ₂ = 66.23, H ₁ =34.06 kJ/mol, H ₂ = 32.05 kJ/mol; S ₁ =–85.06, S ₂ =–114.64 J/Kmol.

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( ₁ =10.41 ₂ =11.60) . H _N1=–21.76 H _N2=–23.77 / 25.0°:G ₁ ⁰ =59.41;G ₂ ⁰ =66.23.H ₁ ⁰ =34.06₂ H ₂ ⁰ = 32.05 /,S ₁ ⁰ =–85.06;S ₂ ⁰ =–114.64 /.

     

Structure and Magnetic Properties of Solid Solutions of Molecular Magnetics Based on Ni(II) and Co(II) Complexes with Nitroxyl Radicals

Ni(II) and Co(II) complexes with deprotonated paramagnetic enaminoketones 4(3,3,3trifluorine2oxopropylidene) 2,2,5,5tetramethyl3imidazolidine1oxyl (L) and 4(3,3,3trifluorine1chlorine2oxopropylidene)2,2,5,5tetramethyl3imidazolidine1oxyl (L¹) and alcohols are shown to form continuous solid solutions Ni_xCo_1-xL₂(C₂H₅OH)₂ and Ni_xCo_1-xL₂ ¹(CH₃OH)₂. Single crystal Xray diffraction analysis showed that concentration variation practically does not affect the structural characteristics of the solid solutions. Distinguishing features if the magnetic behavior of Ni_xCo_1-xL₂ · (C₂H₅OH)₂ and Ni_xCo_1-xL₂ ¹(CH₃OH)₂ are the antiferromagnetic interaction of the moments of the nickel and cobalt sublattices inside the polymeric layers and the antiferromagnetic nature of interlayer interaction of the magnetic moments.     

Preparation and Microstructural and Textural Characterization of Single-Phase Aluminum Oxides

Conditions for the preparation of single-phase -, -, and -aluminas were determined. The structures of - and -aluminas were characterized. With the use of high-resolution electron microscopy, it was found that -Al₂O₃ particles exhibited the most developed {111} face and consisted of coherently joined domains with a pronounced platelet shape. Planar defects in the (111) plane occurred in the -Al₂O₃ particles. Microstructural differences between single-phase -Al₂O₃ and -Al₂O₃ with a defect spinel structure were revealed. It was found that the -Al₂O₃, -Al₂O₃, and -Al₂O₃ oxides are characterized by uniformly porous structures with average pore diameters of 47, 55, and 110 Å, respectively.     

Reaction of triphenyl phosphite ozonide with thioacetals

Kinetic regularities in the reaction of triphenyl phosphite ozonide with several thioacetals in CH₂Cl₂ solution at –15°C have been studied. The consumption rate of ozonides is described by the kinetic equation W=k₀[(C₆H₅O)₃P·O₃]+k₁[(C₆H₅O)₃P·O₃][R₁R₂C(SR₃)₂] Rate constants k₀ and k₁ for the thioacetals: (CH₃H₇S)₂CH₂, (C₆H₅S)₂CH₂, (C₆H₅CH₂S)₂CH, (n=C₁₂H₂₅–S)₂CH₂, (C₃H₇S)₂C(H)CH₃, (C₃H₇S)₂C(H)C₆H₅, (C₃H₇S)₂C(CH₃)C₆H₅ and (C₃H₇S)₂C(H)C₁₀H₉, increases with increasing the electron-donating power of subtituents R_i.

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CH₂Cl₂ –15°C. : W=k₀[(C₆H₅O)₃P·O₃]+k₁[(C₆H₅O)₃P·O₃][R₁R₂C(SR₃)₂] k₀ k₁ (C₃H₇S)₂CH₂, (C₆H₅S)₂CH₂, (C₆H₅CH₂S)₂CH₂, (n-C₁₂H₂₅S)₂CH₂, (C₃H₇S)₂C(H)CH₃, (C₃H₇S)₂C(H)C₆H₅, (C₃H₇S)₂C(CH₃)C₆H₅, (C₃H₇S)₂C(H)C₁₀H₉. .