Synthesis of 2,5 -Bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)thiophene and 2,5-Bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)pyrrole

Syntheses of 2,5-bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)thiophene 3 and 2,5-bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)pyrrole 4 are described. The key step involves Stetter reaction between 4-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde and divinyl sulfone. Cyclizaton of the resulting 1,4-bis-(4-methyl-2-thienyl)-1,4-butanedione 2 with Lawesson's reagent gives 2,5-bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)thiophene 3, whereas condensation with ammonium acetate provides the 2,5-bis(4-methyl-2-thienyl)pyrrole 4.     

Synthesis of novel N2-adamantyl derivatives of 2-amino-6-methyl-4(3H)-pyrimidinone as potential activators of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) release

A method has been developed for the synthesis of N²-adamantyl-2-amino-6-methyl-4(3H)-pyrimidinones based on the reaction of (adamant-1-yl)alkylamine with 2-(ethylsulfanyl)-6-methyl-4(3H)-pyrimidinone which can lead to the corresponding derivatives in which the exocyclic nitrogen atom and the adamantyl radical are separated by a hydrocarbon fragment. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1541–1544, October, 2006.     

Interaction of 2-methyl-2,5-dioxo-1,2-oxaphospholane with trimethylsilyl cyanide

The reaction of 2-methyl-2,5-dioxo-1,2-oxaphospholane (1) with trimethylsilyl cyanide was found to give, depending on conditions, three organophosphorus compounds: trimethylsilyl methyl(2-cyanocarbonylethyl)phosphinate (2), trimethylsilyl methyl(3-trimethylsiloxy-3,3-dicyanopropyl)phosphinate (3) and trimethylsilyl methyl(3-trimethyl-siloxy-3-cyano-2-propenyl)phosphinate (4), On hydrolysis of3 under mild conditions, methyl(3-hydroxy-3,3 dicarboxypropyl)phosphinic acid (7) was obtained. The latter is readily decarboxylated on heating to give methyl(3-hydroxy-3-carboxy-propyl)phosphinic acid (8). The interaction of2 and4 with water or alcohols gives, correspondingly, methyl[2-carboxy(alkoxycarbonyl) ethyl]phosphinic acids (11–13). Methyl(2-oxamoyiethyl)phosphinic acid (14) was prepared by successive treatment of propenylphosphinate4 with HCl gas and water.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 170–177, January, 1993.     

Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy- and 4-Amino-2-Methyl-3-(2-Methylindol-3-Yl)methylquinolines and Their 6- and 8-Substituted Derivatives

A method has been developed for the synthesis of substituted 4-hydroxy- and 4-amino-2-methyl-3-(2-methylindol-3-yl)methylquinolines by treating the corresponding 4-hydroxy(chloro)-2-methyl-3-(3-oxobutyl)quinolines with phenylhydrazine hydrochloride. It was found that nucleophilic substitution occurred in the case of the 4-chloroquinolines together with subsequent rearrangement to give the 4-amino derivatives. The thiosemicarbazones of the corresponding 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-(3-oxobutyl)quinolines were also obtained.__________Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 554–557, April, 2005.     

Synthesis of （S）-2-（3-Arylacrylamido）-3-{4-[2-（5-methyl-2-phenyloxazol-4-yl）ethoxy]phenyl}propanoic Acids

The synthesis of （S）-2-（3-arylacrylamido）-3-{4-[2-（5-methyl-2-phenyloxazol-4-yl）etho- xy]phenyl}propanoic acids is described. Their structures were confirmed by ^1H-NMR.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Tert-butyl 4-[(E)-4-(1,3 -Dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-1-butenyl] Benzoate

1 INTRODUCTION Phthalimide and its derivatives are synthetic mate- rials, which are widely used as important chemical intermediates of biosensors[1] and many drugs such as Citalopran[2], luminal[3], Beta-Lactam[4] and the No. three generation quinolones[5], and they have been identified as active groups of some drugs and chemical luminescence reagents[6, 7]. Tert-butyl 4- [(E)-4-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-1- butenyl] benzoate is an intermediate of a new type of insulin sen…     

Vinyltriphenylphosphonium Salt Mediated One-Pot Stereoselective Synthesis of Dialkyl ( E )-2-(2-methyl-5-oxo-1-cyclopentenyl)-2-butenedioates

Protonation of the highly reactive 1:1 intermediates produced in the reaction between triphenylphosphine and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates by 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one leads to vinyltriphenylphosphonium salts, which undergo an intramolecular Wittig reaction to produce the corresponding cyclobutene derivatives. The cyclobutene derivatives are not isolable and undergo electrocyclic ring-opening reactions in CH 2 Cl 2 at room temperature to produce dialkyl ( E )-2-(2-methyl-5-oxo-1-cyclopentenyl)-2-butenedioates in moderate yields.     

Thermal, oxidative and radiation stability of polyimides. Part IV: Polyimides based on N-[4-benzoyl-2-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl]-acetamide and different diamines

Polyimide resins were obtained from the reaction between N-[4-benzoyl-2-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl]-acetamide and the following compounds with terminal amino groups: urea, 4-[(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl]aniline, thiourea, 2-aminoethylamine, and 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane. The thermal and thermooxidative behaviour of the polyimide resins was studied by thermogravimetric measurements (TG) in oxygen and nitrogen. Polyimide resins have been irradiated (500 kGy) and their radiation stability evaluated on the basis of thermal and thermooxidative behaviour of irradiated samples.The thermal and oxidative degradation of the examined polyimides is complex and occurs in two phases. The first step occurs in both nitrogen and oxygen but it is somewhat less pronounced in oxygen due to oxidation and formation of more stable products. All samples showed very good radiation stability and there is almost no change in the first degradation step while the span of the peaks in the second step is narrowed and temperatures are slightly lower.     

Reactions of 5-(6-Methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-pyrimidinyl)-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione with Electrophiles

Summary.  Treatment of 5-(6-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-pyrimidinyl)-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione with haloalkanes yielded oxadiazole S-alkyl derivatives, whereas its reaction with formaldehyde and amines resulted in formation of oxadiazole N(3)-aminomethyl derivatives. The alkylation of 2-alkylsulfanyl-5-(6-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-pyrimidinyl)-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles with methyl bromoacetate proceeded at the N(1)-position of pyrimidine to give 2-alkylsulfanyl-5-(1-methoxycarbonylmethyl-6-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-pyrimidinyl)-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles, whereas aminomethylation, bromination, or nitration took place at position 5 of pyrimidine ring and afforded the corresponding 5-pyrimidine substituted derivatives. Received May 9, 2001. Accepted (revised) August 17, 2001     

A chemo-enzymatic approach to optically active 3-(4-methoxycarbonyl)phenyl-2-methyl-1-propanols

With a view to obtaining both enantiomers of 3-(4-methoxycarbonyl)phenyl-2-methyl-1-propanols, (R)-1 and (S)-1, from the respective racemate, (±)-1, the hydrolysis of its acetate, (±)-2, in the presence of porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) has been studied. The optical puriry of (R)-1 and (S)-1 thus obtained was unsatisfactory (ee 22–27%), and could not be increased beyondee 33% by repeated enzymatic hydrolysis of the unconverted fraction of the acetate. In contrast with this, the biohydrogenation of 3-(4-methoxycarbonyl)phenyl-2-methyl-2-propen-1-ol (4) with fermentingSaccharomyces cerevisiae afforded (S)-1 of considerably higher optical purity (ee 41–90 %, depending on the strain). The stereochemical correlation of the products obtained in the two biochemical processes under study shows that the PPL-catalyzed hydrolysis of (±)-2 produces preferably (R)-1.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 761–766, April, 1995.The authors express their gratitude to the Russian Foundation for Basic Research for financial support (Grant No. 93-03-5893).     

Synthesis of N-Substituted Derivatives of (5-Amino-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)acetic Acid

A method has been developed for obtaining indole compounds containing an amino group in the benzene ring by the indolization of ethyl levulinate p-acetaminophenylhydrazone. A series of derivatives of (5-amino-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid at the 5-amino group has been synthesized.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Ethyl 3-（4-Chlorophenyl）-3,4-dihydro-6-methyl-4-oxo-2- （pyrrolidin-1-yl）furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxylate

The crystal structure of the title compound ethyl 3-（4-chlorophenyl）-3,4-dihydro-6- methyl-4-oxo-2-（pyrrolidin-1-yl）furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxylate （C20H20ClN3O4, Mr= 401.84） has been prepared and determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal is of monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 20.6215（9）, b = 8.5311（4）, c = 21.6886（9） A^°, β = 91.607（1）°, V = 3814.0（3）A^°^3, Z = 8, Dc = 1.400 g/cm^3, F（000） = 1680, μ = 0.233 mm^-1, R = 0.0718 and wR = 0.1545 for 6717 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals two crystallographically independent molecules in the asymmetric unit.     

d-4-萜品醇丁酸酯的合成及其经皮促透活性评价

目的：合成新型化合物d-4-萜品醇丁酸脂（d-4-T-C4）,探究其对氟比洛芬（SR-FP）的促透作用并研究其促透机制。方法：以d-4-萜品醇（d-4-TER）、丁酸为原料,采用酰氯酯化法合成d-4-T-C4,并通过MS和1H-NMR进行结构表征。同时进行体外渗透实验,考察d-4-T-C4对SR-FP的体外促透活性,并利用红外光谱法和分子对接技术研究其促透机制。结果：加入d-4-T-C4时SR-FP的24 h累计透过量（Q24h）为383.5±48.75 ?g·cm-2,分别为对照组和d-4-TER组的3.12、1.34倍,均有显著差异（P<0.05）。同时通过对药物进行手性拆分可以发现d-4-T-C4对S-FP和R-FP的透过没有显著性差异（P>0.05）。通过探究促透机制发现d-4-T-C4插入角质层脂质结构域,破坏药物与神经酰胺之间的氢键相互作用,增加脂质迁移率和药物的自由能,从而促进药物的渗透。结论：d-4-T-C4对SR-FP具有显著的促透效果,有望作为新型促透剂在经皮给药系统中广泛应用。     

A Simple Approach to the Synthesis of 1,4-Bis(arylsulfonyl)tetrahydropyrazine-2,5-diones

Summary.  The addition of triphenylphosphine to dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in the presence of arylsulfonylglycyl chlorides leads to 1,4-bis-arylsulfonyl-tetrahydropyrazine-2,5-diones and dimethyl (E)-2-chloro-2-butenedioate. Corresponding author. E-mail: isayavar@yahoo.com Received June 3, 2002; accepted June 10, 2002     

2,5′-双苯并咪唑衍生物的合成

以二乙酰氧基碘苯为氧化剂，对邻苯二胺衍生物的席夫碱进行分子内脱氢环全反应，生成新化合物5－[5-(4-甲基－1－哌嗪基）－1H－苯并咪唑基]-2-(4-吡啶基）－1H－苯并咪唑，该反应不仅条件温和、反应迅速，产率良好，而且操作简便安全，所得产物及中间体均经1H NMR，FT－IR以及元素分析表征。     

Efficient,Stereoselective Approach to the Synthesis of 3-(1-Phenyl-2-(Z-styrylsulfonyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-ones

Reaction of phenyl acetylene with 3-(1-aryl-2-mercapto-4-imidazolyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ones (4) in the presence of sodium hydroxide in absolute ethanol led to the formation of 3-(1-phenyl-2-(Z-styrylthio)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-ones (6) in excellent yields. These, on further oxidation with H₂O₂/AcOH, gave the corresponding sulfones (7) with retention of stereochemistry.

Derivatives of arborine [1-methyl-2-(phenylmethyl)-4(1H)-quinazolinone]

A method has been developed for the reaction of 2-cyanomethylbenzoic acid with N-methylanthranilic acid to give 2-[(1-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-2-quinazolin-2-yl)methyl]benzoic acid, its esters were synthesized. The spectroscopic chracteristics of the isomeric compounds have been studied and compared in solution and in the solid state. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1532–1538, October, 2007.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 4-（4,6-dimethoxyl -pyrimidin-2-yl）-3-thiourea Carboxylic Acid Methyl Ester

1 INTRODUCTION Pyrimidinyl thioureas have been studied for many years because of their broad antibiosis and sterilibza- tion properties. Recent years’ study shows that pyri- midinyl thioureas not only can be used to kill insects and adjust plant growth, but also have anti-viral ac- tivities[1, 2]. From our early quantum study on these compounds, we find that they have several active cen- ters and can form polyligand complexes with metals easily[3]. These complexes are widely used as ant…     

Reaction of 4-methyl-4-tribromomethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one with zinc metal

4-Methyl-4-tribromomethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one reacts with zinc dust in absolute DMF to give a mixture of 4-bromo-5-methylcyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one, 4-methyl-cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one, and 4-dibromomethyl-4-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 177–178, January, 1998.