串联电导及紫外检测器-离子色谱法测定土壤中6种有机酸根和无机阴离子

应用离子色谱法测定土壤样品中正丁酸根、草酸根、溴离子、碘离子、氯离子及硫酸根等6种有机酸根和无机阴离子的含量。样品(10.00g)用50mmol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液50mL超声提取60min,离心分离。取上清液,经0.22μm滤膜过滤和OnGuardⅡP柱净化。流出液稀释5倍后通过IonPac AG18柱分离,用不同浓度的氢氧化钾溶液进行梯度淋洗,用串联的电导检测器和紫外检测器(236nm)进行检测。前者用于除碘离子外的5种阴离子的测定,后者用于碘离子的测定。上述6种阴离子的峰面积分别在一定范围与其质量浓度呈线性关系,其检出限(3S/N)在0.013~0.095μg·g-1之间。加标回收率在92.0%~112%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.2%~7.2%之间。     

离子色谱法测定肉制品中5种食品添加剂北大核心CSCD

采用离子色谱法同时测定肉制品中的亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、山梨酸、苯甲酸、安赛蜜。1.000 0g样品经10mL 20mmol·L^(-1) NaOH溶液提取,提取液过OnGuard Ⅱ Ag固相萃取小柱和0.22μm滤膜后,选用IonPac AS 19阴离子交换分析柱和IonPac AG 19阴离子保护柱进行色谱分离,以KOH淋洗液进行梯度洗脱,采用电导检测器。5种食品添加剂的线性范围为0.2~8.0mg·L^(-1),亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、山梨酸、苯甲酸、安赛蜜的检出限(3S/N)分别为10,15,60,50,11μg·kg^(-1)。加标回收率在82.5%~111%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)小于9.0%。     

离子色谱法测定肉制品中5种食品添加剂

采用离子色谱法同时测定肉制品中的亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、山梨酸、苯甲酸、安赛蜜。1.000 0g样品经10mL 20mmol·L~(-1) NaOH溶液提取,提取液过OnGuard Ⅱ Ag固相萃取小柱和0.22μm滤膜后,选用IonPac AS 19阴离子交换分析柱和IonPac AG 19阴离子保护柱进行色谱分离,以KOH淋洗液进行梯度洗脱,采用电导检测器。5种食品添加剂的线性范围为0.2~8.0mg·L~(-1),亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、山梨酸、苯甲酸、安赛蜜的检出限(3S/N)分别为10,15,60,50,11μg·kg~(-1)。加标回收率在82.5%~111%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)小于9.0%。     

离子色谱法测定不同地区家庭饮用井水中的阴、阳离子

采用离子色谱法测定不同地区家庭饮用井水中氟离子、氯离子、硝酸根、硫酸根、钠离子、钾离子、镁离子和钙离子等8种阴、阳离子的含量。样品经IonPac AS11-HC型分离柱及IonPac AG11-HC型保护柱分离,以30mmol·L-1氢氧化钾溶液为淋洗液(阴离子分析);样品经IonPac CS12A型分离柱及IonPac CG12A型保护柱分离,以20 mmol·L-1甲基磺酸溶液为淋洗液(阳离子分析);采用电导检测器检测。8种离子在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s)在0.002~0.034mg·L-1之间。对井水样品进行测定,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.59%~2.0%之间。用标准加入法做方法的回收试验,计算得回收率在98.3%~109%之间。     

离子色谱-串联质谱法测定婴幼儿配方奶粉中的高氯酸盐

采用离子色谱-串联质谱法测定婴幼儿配方奶粉中的高氯酸盐。将2.00g样品溶解在10mL水中,加入乙腈10mL,振荡离心去除样品中的蛋白质,上清液用10mL乙腈饱和的正己烷溶液去除样品中的脂类物质。净化液采用Dionex IonPac AS 20色谱柱分离,以60mmol·L~(-1)氢氧化钾溶液洗脱。质谱中采用电喷雾离子源和多反应监测模式,以NaCl 18O4作为同位素内标物质定量。高氯酸盐质量浓度的线性范围为0.1~100μg·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.3μg·kg~(-1),测定下限(10S/N)为1.0μg·kg~(-1)。加标回收率在92.1%~97.0%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)小于10%。     

离子置换色谱法测定亚氯酸钠纯度及其杂质阴离子的含量

以常规的抑制型离子色谱仪为基础,在抑制器之后和紫外检测器之前,依次串联两根自制的离子置换柱,第一根为Li+型阳离子置换柱,第二根为IO3-型阴离子置换柱。IC测定中用Dionex IonPac AS18阴离子交换柱为分离柱,以30mmol·L~(-1)氢氧化钠溶液为流动相。在测定亚氯酸钠的纯度及其杂质阴离子含量时,样品溶液(0.100 0g样品溶于水中,定容至50.0mL,分取部分溶液定量稀释100倍)在经过离子置换柱的过程中,亚氯酸根及其他待测阴离子均被定量地置换成同一的碘酸根离子,并通过紫外检测器,在波长210nm处予以测定。结果表明:亚氯酸根及其他4种杂质离子的浓度在一定范围内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)在6.09～19.66μg·L~(-1)之间。按标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率在96.0%～101%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.1%～3.0%之间。     

离子色谱法测定土壤中的3种阴离子

采用离子色谱法测定土壤中Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)和NO_3~-的含量。10.000 0g样品加入超纯水100mL,振荡2h,超声60min,离心分离,取上清液,依次经0.45,0.22μm滤膜过滤。滤液中的3种阴离子在Dionex IonPac TM AS18阴离子分离柱上分离,流动相为22 mmol·L~(-1) KOH溶液,采用电导检测器。Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)和NO_3~-的线性范围均为1.00~9.00mg·L~(-1),检出限(3s)分别为0.006,0.006,0.003mg·L~(-1)。3种阴离子的加标回收率在94.0%~96.0%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)小于2.0%。     

离子色谱法测定聚合物材料中铬(Ⅵ)含量

采用离子色谱法测定聚合物材料中的铬(Ⅵ)含量。取粒径小于250μm的聚合物样品用0.5mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液提取3h。分取适量提取液经过滤及RP柱净化后,通过IonPac AG19保护柱及DIONEX IonPac AS19阴离子分离柱分离,先后用25mmol·L-1和50mmol·L-1的氢氧化钠溶液淋洗分离柱,采用抑制电导检测器检测。铬(Ⅵ)的质量浓度在0.10~10.0mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为7mg·kg-1。对聚氯乙烯(PVC)样品连续测定8次,测定值的相对标准偏差为9.2%。用标准加入法进行方法的回收试验,测得回收率在95.2%~105%之间。     

离子色谱法同时测定沙棘果粉中7种有机酸含量

采用离子色谱法同时测定沙棘果粉中7种有机酸含量。样品与氢氧化钾溶液经振荡反应后过0.22μm离子滤膜,采用IonPac AG19阴离子保护柱和IonPac AS19阴离子分析柱分离,以氢氧化钾溶液进行梯度淋洗,电导检测器检测。7种有机酸的质量浓度在一定范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系。对沙棘果粉样品进行加标回收试验,7种有机酸的回收率在94.0%~109%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=11)在0.20%~3.1%之间。     

离子色谱法测定葡萄酒中的山梨酸和苯甲酸的含量

采用离子色谱法快速测定葡萄酒中的山梨酸和苯甲酸的含量。样品经超纯水稀释20倍,用聚酰胺粉末吸附提取溶液中的色素,净化液在IonPac AS11-HC阴离子色谱柱上分离,以30mmol·L~(-1)氢氧化钾溶液为淋洗液,采用抑制电导检测器检测,外标法定量。山梨酸和苯甲酸的质量浓度均在0.5~50 mg·L~(-1)范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在1.4~1.7mg·L~(-1)之间。加标回收率在97.7%~104%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.4%~3.4%之间。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.