On the variety parameterizing completely decomposable polynomials

The purpose of this paper is to relate the variety parameterizing completely decomposable homogeneous polynomials of degree d in n+1 variables on an algebraically closed field, called , with the Grassmannian of (n−1)-dimensional projective subspaces of P^n+d−1. We compute the dimension of some secant varieties to . Moreover by using an invariant embedding of the Veronese variety into the Plücker space, we are able to compute the intersection of G(n−1,n+d−1) with , some of its secant varieties, the tangential variety and the second osculating space to the Veronese variety.     

Singular lines of trilinear forms

We prove that an alternating e-form on a vector space over a quasi-algebraically closed field always has a singular (e-1)-dimensional subspace, provided that the dimension of the space is strictly greater than e. Here an (e-1)-dimensional subspace is called singular if pairing it with the e-form yields zero. By the theorem of Chevalley and Warning our result applies in particular to finite base fields. Our proof is most interesting in the case where e=3 and the space has odd dimension n; then it involves a beautiful equivariant map from alternating trilinear forms to polynomials of degree . We also give a sharp upper bound on the dimension of subspaces all of whose two-dimensional subspaces are singular for a non-degenerate trilinear form. In certain binomial dimensions the trilinear forms attaining this upper bound turn out to form a single orbit under the general linear group, and we classify their singular lines.     

Variations of selective separability

A space X is selectively separable if for every sequence of dense subspaces of X one can select finite Fn⊂Dn so that is dense in X. In this paper selective separability and variations of this property are considered in two special cases: Cp spaces and dense countable subspaces in κ².     

A family of invariants of rooted forests

Let A be a commutative k-algebra over a field of k and Ξ a linear operator defined on A. We define a family of A-valued invariants Ψ for finite rooted forests by a recurrent algorithm using the operator Ξ and show that the invariant Ψ distinguishes rooted forests if (and only if) it distinguishes rooted trees T, and if (and only if) it is finer than the quantity α(T)=|Aut(T)| of rooted trees T. We also consider the generating function with , where is the set of rooted trees with n vertices. We show that the generating function U(q) satisfies the equation . Consequently, we get a recurrent formula for U_n (n?1), namely, U₁=Ξ(1) and U_n=ΞS_n−1(U₁,U₂,…,U_n−1) for any n?2, where are the elementary Schur polynomials. We also show that the (strict) order polynomials and two well-known quasi-symmetric function invariants of rooted forests are in the family of invariants Ψ and derive some consequences about these well-known invariants from our general results on Ψ. Finally, we generalize the invariant Ψ to labeled planar forests and discuss its certain relations with the Hopf algebra in Foissy (Bull. Sci. Math. 126 (2002) 193) spanned by labeled planar forests.     

Reflexivity and hyperreflexivity of operator spaces

In this paper, we show that if is an n-dimensional subspace of L(V) such that every nonzero transformation of has rank greater than or equal to 2n−1 then is algebraically reflexive. If is an n-dimensional subspace of B(H) such that every nonzero transformation of  has rank greater than or equal to 2n−1 then is hyperreflexive. We also consider how to construct some new hyperreflexive subspaces.     

Sequences of semicontinuous functions accompanying continuous functions

A space X is said to have property (USC) (resp. (LSC)) if whenever is a sequence of upper (resp. lower) semicontinuous functions from X into the closed unit interval [0,1] converging pointwise to the constant function 0 with the value 0, there is a sequence of continuous functions from X into [0,1] such that fn?gn (n∈ω) and converges pointwise to 0. In this paper, we study spaces having these properties and related ones. In particular, we show that (a) for a subset X of the real line, X has property (USC) if and only if it is a σ-set; (b) if X is a space of non-measurable cardinal and has property (LSC), then it is discrete. Our research comes of Scheepers' conjecture on properties S₁(Γ,Γ) and wQN.     

Approximation of quantum tori by finite quantum tori for the quantum Gromov-Hausdorff distance

We establish that, given a compact Abelian group G endowed with a continuous length function l and a sequence (H_n)_n∈N of closed subgroups of G converging to G for the Hausdorff distance induced by l, then is the quantum Gromov-Hausdorff limit of any sequence for the natural quantum metric structures and when the lifts of σ_n to converge pointwise to σ. This allows us in particular to approximate the quantum tori by finite-dimensional C^*-algebras for the quantum Gromov-Hausdorff distance. Moreover, we also establish that if the length function l is allowed to vary, we can collapse quantum metric spaces to various quotient quantum metric spaces.     

Rank-one commutators on invariant subspaces of the Hardy space on the bidisk

We discuss on invariant subspaces of H²(Γ²) on which .     

On linear neighborhood assignments and dually discrete spaces

In this note, the concept of a linear neighborhood assignment is introduced. By discussing properties of linear D-spaces, we show that if T is a Suslin tree with FW (or CW) topology, then T is a Lindelöf D-space. We also show that if X is a countably compact space and , where for any linear neighborhood assignment ?n for Xn, there exists a strong DC-like subspace (or a subparacompact C-scattered closed subspace) Dn of Xn, such that for each n∈N, then X is a compact space; Every generalized ordered space is dually discrete. This gives a positive answer to a question of Buzyakova, Tkachuk and Wilson.     

A new variational characterization of the Wulff shape

Given a positive function F on Sn which satisfies a convexity condition, we define the rth anisotropic mean curvature function Mr for hypersurfaces in Rn+1 which is a generalization of the usual rth mean curvature function. Let be an n-dimensional closed hypersurface with , for some r with 1?r?n−1, which is a critical point for a variational problem. We show that X(M) is stable if and only if X(M) is the Wulff shape.     

On the hyperinvariant subspace problem

In this paper, we introduce a new equivalence relation, ampliation quasisimilarity, on , more general than quasisimilarity, that preserves the existence of nontrivial hyperinvariant subspaces. We show that if T does not have nontrivial hyperinvariant subspaces for elementary reasons, then T is ampliation quasisimilar to a (BCP)-operator in the class C₀₀. This reduces the hyperinvariant subspace problem for operators in to a very special subcase of itself.     

A Poincaré-Hopf-type theorem for holomorphic one-forms

We prove that if a holomorphic one-form Ω in a neighborhood of a closed euclidian ball , in the n-dimensional complex affine space, defines a distribution transverse to the boundary sphere , then n is even and Ω admits a sole singularity q∈B²ⁿ. Moreover, this singularity is simple.     

A hypercyclicity criterion with applications

A continuous linear operator on a topological vector space X is called hypercyclic if there is x∈X such that the orbit {Tnx}_n?0 is dense in X. We establish a criterion for hypercyclicity, and study some applications. In particular, we establish hypercyclic left-multipliers on the space L(X,Y) of continuous linear operators between X and Y, provided with the topology of uniform convergence on bounded sets, for some spaces X,Y of holomorphic functions.     

Local product structure for expansive homeomorphisms

Let be an expansive homeomorphism with dense topologically hyperbolic periodic points, M a closed manifold. We prove that there is a local product structure in an open and dense subset of M. Moreover, if some topologically hyperbolic periodic point has codimension one, then this local product structure is uniform. In particular, we conclude that the homeomorphism is conjugated to a linear Anosov diffeomorphism of a torus.     

C-Weierstrass for compact sets in Hilbert space

The C¹-Weierstrass approximation theorem is proved for any compact subset X of a Hilbert space . The same theorem is also proved for Whitney 1-jets on X when X satisfies the following further condition: There exist finite dimensional linear subspaces such that ?_n?1H_n is dense in and π_n(X)=X∩H_n for each n?1. Here, is the orthogonal projection. It is also shown that when X is compact convex with and satisfies the above condition, then C¹(X) is complete if and only if the C¹-Whitney extension theorem holds for X. Finally, for compact subsets of , an extension of the C¹-Weierstrass approximation theorem is proved for C¹ maps with compact derivatives.     

Arithmetical properties of wendt's determinant

Wendt's determinant of order n is the circulant determinant W_n whose (i,j)-th entry is the binomial coefficient , for 1?i,j?n, where n is a positive integer. We establish some congruence relations satisfied by these rational integers. Thus, if p is a prime number and k a positive integer, then and . If q is another prime, distinct from p, and h any positive integer, then . Furthermore, if p is odd, then . In particular, if p?5, then . Also, if m and n are relatively prime positive integers, then W_mW_n divides W_mn.     

A lower bound for the spectral radius of a digraph

We show that the spectral radius ρ(D) of a digraph D with n vertices and c₂ closed walks of length 2 satisfies Moreover, equality occurs if and only if D is the symmetric digraph associated to a -regular graph, plus some arcs that do not belong to cycles. As an application of this result, we construct new sharp upper bounds for the low energy of a digraph, which extends Koolen and Moulton bounds of the energy to digraphs.