Reversible adsorption of Au nanoparticles on SiO2/Si: An in situ ATR-IR study

Adsorption and desorption of Au nanoparticles (AuNP) on the (aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) treated SiO₂/Si surface was monitored by in situ attenuated total reflection (ATR) infrared spectroscopy in combination with a liquid flow cell. With increasing the AuNP coverage at the surface, the absorption by water vibration was increased due to surface enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA). Repulsive electrostatic forces between the incoming AuNP and the already adsorbed AuNP layer lead to saturation at submonolayer coverage of the surface. We clarified that the adsorption process can be described very well by a diffusion limited first-order Langmuir-kinetics model. Furthermore, we show that the AuNPs desorb from the surface when they are exposed to the solution of aminoethanethiol (AET).     

Fourier-transform infrared emission spectroscopy of BO

The Fourier-transform infrared emission spectra of BO were recorded using a Bruker IFS 125 HR spectrometer. The observed spectrum of BO in the 1200-2100 cm⁻¹ region contains three bands: the fundamental bands of ¹¹BO and ¹⁰BO and a hot band of ¹¹BO with band origins measured to be 1861.9242(97), 1915.3071(09) and 1838.3773(68) cm⁻¹, respectively.     

Infrared spectroscopy of mass-selected metal carbonyl cations

Metal carbonyl cations of the form are produced in a molecular beam by laser vaporization in a pulsed nozzle source. These ions, and their corresponding rare gas atom “tagged” analogs, , are studied with mass-selected infrared photodissociation spectroscopy in the carbonyl stretching region and with density functional theory computations. The number of infrared-active bands, their frequency positions, and their relative intensities provide distinctive patterns allowing determination of the geometries and electronic structures of these complexes. Cobalt penta carbonyl and manganese hexacarbonyl cations are compared to isoelectronic iron pentacarbonyl and chromium hexacarbonyl neutrals. Gold and copper provide examples of “non-classical” carbonyls. Seven-coordinate carbonyls are explored for the vanadium group metal cations (V⁺, Nb⁺ and Ta⁺), while uranium cations provide an example of an eight-coordinate carbonyl.     

Rotational spectroscopy of the first excited state of the acetylenic C-H stretch of 3-fluoropropyne performed by infrared-Fourier transform microwave-microwave triple-resonance spectroscopy

The rotational spectra of 3-fluoropropyne in the ground and first excited acetylenic C-H stretch vibrational state have been measured. The pure rotational spectrum of the normal species and the ¹³C isotopomers were measured using FTMW-cwMW double-resonance spectroscopy based on the Autler-Townes (AC Stark) effect. The lineshape properties of this measurement make it possible to determine the transition strength, ΔJ-selection rules, and the relative energy ordering of the quantum states. The frequency accuracy of this technique is tested against a previous pure rotational study of 3-fluoropropyne. The rotational spectrum of vibrationally excited state was obtained through IR-FTMW-cwMW methods. In this technique a single-longitudinal-mode pulsed infrared laser source vibrationally excites the acetylenic C-H stretch with J-selectivity. The rotational spectrum of the excited state is then obtained by FTMW and FTMW-cwMW double-resonance methods. The excited-state measurements have a signal-to-noise ratio comparable to the pure rotational spectrum. The residuals in the excited-state fit are larger than those obtained in the ground-state fit. This greater deviation from a standard asymmetric top spectrum is most likely due to weak perturbations to the acetylenic C-H spectrum.     

Hydrogen bonding in methanol studied by infrared spectroscopy

Infrared spectra in the region of the OH stretching band of supercritical methanol (T_c = 239.4 °C, P_c = 8.08 MPa) have been recorded over the 100–400 °C temperature range and 30–100 MPa pressure range. The spectra were obtained using an FT-IR spectrometer equipped with a special high-pressure, high-temperature IR cell and a specially developed measuring technique that utilizes the C–H stretching vibrations as an internal standard. The experimental results show that both pressure and temperature affect the OH stretching band of supercritical methanol. Isobaric heating leads to a strong decrease in the peak intensity and a shift to higher frequencies. Isothermal compression leads to a slight increase in peak intensity and shifts to lower frequencies. These studies are consistent with previous studies conducted at lower pressures and with qualitative models of the extent of hydrogen bonding in liquid and supercritical methanol.     

Vibrational spectroscopy of InAs and AlAs quantum dot structures

In this paper we present an experimental comparative study of InAs/AlAs periodical structures with InAs and AlAs quantum dots (QDs) by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopies. The first observation of optical phonons localized in InAs and AlAs QDs using infrared spectroscopy is demonstrated. Confined optical phonon frequencies of the QDs measured by means of Raman scattering are compared with those deduced from the analysis of infrared spectra performed in the framework of the dielectric function approximation.     

Time-resolved IR spectroscopy of quantum-optics in semiconductors

Time-resolved IR spectroscopy is a powerful non-destructive technique for probing electron dynamics and plasmonics in semiconductors. We present recent experiments in which intense IR laser pulses are used to induce “quantum-optical” phenomena, including gain without population inversion and slow light, in semiconductor nanostructures. The potential advantages of IR Synchrotron radiation to probe these systems are discussed.     

Infrared and photoelectron spectroscopy study of vapor phase deposited poly (3-hexylthiophene)

Poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) was thermally evaporated and deposited in vacuum. Infrared spectroscopy was used to confirm that the thin films were indeed P3HT, and showed that in-situ thermal evaporation provides a viable route for contaminant-free surface/interface analysis of P3HT in an ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) environment. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments were carried out to examine the frontier orbitals and core energy levels of P3HT thin films vapor deposited in UHV on clean polycrystalline silver (Ag) surfaces. UPS spectra enable the determination of the vacuum shift at the polymer/metal interface, the valence band maximum (VBM), and the energy of the π-band of the overlayer film. The P3HT vacuum level decreased in contrast to that of the underlying Ag as the film thickness increased. XPS and UPS data confirmed the chemical integrity (stoichiometry) of the polymer at high coverage, as well as the shift of the C 1s and S 2p binding energy peaks and the secondary-electron edge with increasing film thickness, indicating that band bending is present at the P3HT/Ag interface and that the measured onset of the valence band is about 0.8 ± 0.05 eV relative to the Fermi level.     

Preparation and characterization by infrared emission spectroscopy and applications of new mineral-based composite materials of biomedical interest

New composite materials based on clay minerals had been prepared by reductive calcination. These materials exhibit very strong infrared (IR) emission at quite low temperatures. The structural properties and emission capabilities of the new materials have been studied by various theoretical and experimental methods. In addition, a brief overview of the medical and other practical applications of IR-emitting materials is presented. The basic principles of IR emission spectroscopy are discussed with special respect to low temperatures (close to human-body temperature). Furthermore, DFT calculations on a kaolinite structure of chemical composition of [Al₄Si₄ O₈(OH)₁₆]^4? have been performed. The calculated bond distances and IR spectrum are in good agreement with experimental observations. Structural and compositional characterization of the new composite materials have been performed by various structural analytical methods. An interesting effect on the IR phosphorescence of composite samples has been established. After 2 hours of IR light exposure at room temperature from the FT-IR spectrometer, the composite materials exhibited enhanced emission of IR radiation with relaxation time about 40 min. Finally, two practical applications of the composites have been investigated, namely polyamide-based fabrics and rubber preservatives.     

全蝎不同部位的红外光谱分析与评价

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱及其二阶导数谱对动物药全蝎由表及里8个部位的药材粉末进行了分析与评价.结果表明,全蝎不同部位的红外光谱较为相似,而二阶导数红外光谱中峰位置和峰强度的差异明显.全蝎不同部位的分析结果进一步证明:蛋白质是每个部位的主体成分,但蝎尾的蛋白质与其他部位较为不同;脂肪类物质主要集中于躯干部分;硫酸粘多糖普遍...     

介质阻挡放电等离子体中OH自由基的光腔衰荡光谱原位诊断

研制了一套等效噪声吸收可达3×10^-9cm^-1的连续波光腔衰荡光谱装置。用该装置对介质阻挡放电等离子体中的OH自由基和水进行了原位定量测量,考察了OH自由基数密度随气压和放电电压以及放电频率的变化情况。实验结果表明,在(2.13~22.0)Χ10³Pa范围内,随着气压增加,OH自由基数密度在气压较低时增加;而在较高气压时由于H₂O的解离吸附作用使得体系中电子密度减小,OH自由基数密度随之减小。随放电电压和放电频率增加介质阻挡放电等离子体中电子密度和电子能量增加而导致OH数密度增加。     

变生锆石的29Si MAS NMR与红外光谱研究

关于锆石变生过程中SiO₄四面体行为的信息对于了解变生态结构及变生过程机理有重要意义。虽然有人推测,在变生过程中,伴随着ZrO₈多面体上氧空位的产生可能同时发生SiO₄四面体的聚合^[7],但迄今并无直接的实验证据证明这一假设。本文的²⁹Si MASNMR研究表明,在锆石变生的最初阶段,Si的局部结构环境没有明显的变化,但在中等变生程度的样品中,探测到Q³和Q⁴Si环境,这是一个有力的证据,支持随着变生程度增加SiO₄四面体发生逐步聚合的假设。红外光谱的结果也显示,变生锆石中可能有无定形的氧化硅畴存在。     

High-resolution far-infrared spectroscopy at NSLS beamline U12IR

A Bruker model IFS 125HR Fourier transform interferometer has been installed and its performance tested using high-brightness, far-infrared synchrotron radiation. Results of absorption measurements for the rotational modes of water vapor demonstrate a nearly 10-fold improvement in signal-to-noise when compared with the instrument’s internal high-pressure Hg arc lamp source.     

Characterization of forest fuels in a Mass Loss Calorimeter by short open-path FTIR spectroscopy

A FTIR spectroradiometer working in a short open-path configuration has been implemented coupled to a Mass Loss Calorimeter to measure in situ and simultaneously the concentrations of the main gaseous carbon-related by-products from the combustion of forest fuels. A proper methodology to retrieve accurate values of CO and CO₂ concentrations has been developed. This methodology includes the determination of the true optical path of the exhaust gases by using an infrared camera imaging at 4.4 μm. Average factors have been calculated to correct the effect of the temperature in the retrieval procedure. The determination of temporal evolution of CO and CO₂ concentrations has allowed the characterization of the combustion dynamics of the samples. These results open the door to further extensions of the method to the measurement and characterization of forest fuels in a field-scale fire.     

红外光谱法检测生物大分子损伤的研究进展

红外光谱技术由于其灵敏度高和对样品的非破坏性等优点已成为研究生物大分子损伤的重要工具。蛋白质、脂质和核酸等受到损伤时,其红外光谱特征吸收峰的峰位、峰型和峰强会发生变化,这为检测生物大分子损伤并进一步揭示相关疾病的发生、发展及早期预防提供了依据。还综述了近年来使用红外光谱法检测生物大分子损伤的研究进展,介绍了利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱和傅里叶红外显微等技术在蛋白质二级结构、膜脂流动性和离子通透性以及药物对DNA的作用机制等领域的应用,以及相关的定性和定量分析方法进行了评述,提出了目前红外光谱分析技术中存在的问题,并对今后红外光谱在生物医学领域中的应用前景作了展望,指出疾病早期诊断、红外光谱联用以及定量分析技术等将成为红外光谱领域未来的研究热点。     

Investigation on infrared laser absorption spectroscopy measurement of acetylene trace quantities

A laser-based infrared spectrometer was developed for use in high-resolution spectroscopic analysis of trace gases in the atmosphere. Continuous wave, broadly tunable coherent infrared radiation was generated from 8 to 19 μm in a gallium selenide crystal by laser difference-frequency mixing. Measurements of acetylene trace concentrations using laser absorption spectroscopy are reported. The measurements have been performed by using the P(21), Q(11), and R(9) lines of the ν₅ band, respectively, in order to investigate optimal detection conditions: a trade-off choice between higher line absorption strength for sensitive detection and better spectral discrimination from lines overlapping for open path trace-gas monitoring applications. Minimum detectable concentrations are compared under different experimental conditions. The ν₅ R(9) line seems to be close to optimum in terms of absorption strength and freedom from spectral interference for spectroscopic detection of acetylene trace concentration at atmospheric pressure.     

A mid-infrared carbon monoxide sensor system using wideband absorption spectroscopy and a single-reflection spherical optical chamber

A mid-infrared carbon monoxide (CO) sensor system based on a dual-channel differential detection method was developed using a broadband light source in the 4.60 µm wavelength region and a single-reflection spherical optical chamber with ∼0.373 m absorption path length. CO detection was realized by targeting the wideband strong absorption lines within 4.55–4.65 µm. A dual-channel pyroelectric detector as well as a self-developed digital signal processor (DSP) based orthogonal lock-in amplifier was employed to process CO sensing signal. A minimum detection limit of ∼0.5 ppm in volume (ppmv) was achieved with a measurement time of 6 s, based on an Allan deviation analysis of the sensor system. The response time (1000 → 0 ppmv) was determined to be ∼7 s for the CO sensor operation. Due to the characteristics of low detection limit, fast response time and high cost performance, the proposed sensor has relatively good prospect in coal-mining operation.     

应用ATR红外光谱法识别不同陈酿方式的红葡萄酒

以三种不同陈酿方式的96个干红葡萄酒样品为试验对象,用傅里叶变换中红外光谱仪外加衰减全反射(attenuated total reflectance,ATR)附件扫描其光谱,然后分别用定性偏最小二乘法和支持向量机法建立三种不同陈酿方式葡萄酒的判别模型,10次随机划分建模集与预测集后建模,不同模式识别方法所建模型的建模集、预测集的判别准确率均高于90%。结果表明,采用中红外ATR光谱技术结合模式识别方法对不同陈酿方式红葡萄酒进行快速识别是可行的。     

Broad band infrared near-field spectroscopy at finger print region using SPring-8

The authors report infrared near-field spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation at BL43IR, SPring-8 in the finger print region. At the microspectroscopy station, the infrared synchrotron radiation beam is focused on a cantilever probe with a 3 μm square aperture. A comb-shaped Au electrode with the width of 3 μm and the distance of 3 μm is used for the reflection measurement. The Au electrodes can be resolved at 650 cm⁻¹ and the resolution is estimated to be λ/5.