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随着超短脉冲激光技术的发展, 人们可以在台面尺度获得光强超过1018W/cm2、脉宽小于100fs的超短脉冲激光.超短脉冲激光很容易把静止的电子加速到兆电子伏的能量. 而更重要的是超短激光脉冲可以通过其有质动力激发大振幅的等离子体波(称为激光尾波场), 后者可以在毫米空间尺度把电子加速到上百兆电子伏的能量.文章将介绍激光尾波场加速电子的物理机制和方案、这个领域的最新进展、以及目前存在的问题. 相似文献
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This paper presents the detailed studies of the focusing of pump beams and the excited electron plasma waves(EPW) in a PBWA(Paema-Beat-Wave-Accelerator) by beating two self-trapped laser beams. The equations governing the saturated amplitude of EPW in nonuniform pump beams have been derived analytically. With these the condition for self-trapping of pump beams has been studied self-consistently. The optimum frequency mismatch parameter and the corresponding optimum initial plasma density as well as the maximum amplitude of the EPW have been obtained analytically. The transverse distributions of the EPW for Gaussian pump profile have been calculated numerically and show peculiar characteristics for certain frequency mismatch parameters. In addition, the effect of the radial component of the EPW on the bunch of accelerated particles in PBWA has been briefly discussed. 相似文献
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We present analytical studies of electron acceleration in the low-density preplasma of a thin solid target by an intense femtosecond laser pulse. Electrons in the preplasma are trapped and accelerated by the ponderomotive force as well as the wake field. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations show that when the laser pulse is stopped by the target, electrons trapped in the laser pules can be extracted and move forward inertially. The energetic electron bunch in the bubble is unaffected by the reflected pulse and passes through the target with small energy spread and emittance. There is an optimal preplasma density for the generation of the monoenergetic electron bunch if a laser pulse is given. The maximum electron energy is inverse proportion to the preplasma density. 相似文献
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We present analytical studies of electron acceleration in the low-density preplasma of a thin solid target by an intense femtosecond laser pulse. Electrons in the preplasma are trapped and accelerated by the ponderomotive force as well as the wake field. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations show that when the laser pulse is stopped by the target, electrons trapped in the laser pules can be extracted and move forward inertially. The energeticelectron bunch in the bubble is unaffected by the reflected pulse and passes through the target with small energy spread and emittance. There is an optimal preplasma density for the generation of the monoenergetic electron bunch if a laser pulse is given. The maximum electron energy is inverse proportion to the preplasma density. 相似文献
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Second Harmonic Generation of Self Focused Cosh‐Gaussian Laser Beam in Collisionless Plasma 下载免费PDF全文
This paper presents an investigation of self‐focusing of a Cosh‐Gaussian (ChG) laser beam and its effect on second harmonic generation in collisionless plasma. In the presence of ChG laser beam the carriers get redistributed from high field region to low field region on account of ponderomotive force as a result of which a transverse density gradient is produced in the plasma which in turn generates an electron‐plasma wave at pump frequency. Generated plasma wave interacts with the incident laser beam and hence generates its second harmonics. Moment theory has been used to derive differential equation governing the evolution of spot size of ChG laser beam propagating through collisionless plasma. The differential equation so obtained has been solved numerically. The effect of decentered parameter, intensity of ChG laser beam and density of plasma on self‐focusing of the laser beam and second harmonic yield has been investigated. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
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In this paper, the focal shift of hollow Gaussian beams (HGBs) passing through a thin lens is investigated in detail. An analytic expression of the location of the axial maximum intensity for the HGBs is derived. It is found that, both the relative focal shift and the relative location of the axial maximal intensity of the HGBs is strongly affected by the ratio α (where α=s/f, here s is the axial distance from the input plane to the lens plane and f is the focus length of the lens), and it is also greatly affected by the changes of both the effective Fresnel number Nw and the order n of HGBs. 相似文献
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Xiaowei Gu Lin Meng Yiqin Sun Xinhua Yu 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2008,29(11):1032-1037
The high-power microwave devices with plasma-filled have unique properties. One of the major problems associated with plasma-filled
microwave sources is that ions from the plasma drift toward the gun regions of the tube. This bombardment is particularly
dangerous for the gun, where high-energy ion impacts can damage the cathode surface and degrade its electron emission capabilities.
One of the techniques investigated to mitigate this issue is to replace the material cathode with plasma cathode. Now, we
study the novel electron gun (E-gun) that can be suitable for high power microwave device applications, adopting two forms
of discharge channel, 1: a single hole channel, the structure can produce a solid electron beam; 2: porous holes channel,
the structure can generate multiple electronic injection which is similar to the annular electron beam. 相似文献
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空心锥状双高斯光束传输特性研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
建立了空心锥状双高斯光束的模型.在空心高斯光束模型的基础上,由初始光场的光强分布,利用柱坐标下的柯林斯公式,导出了空心锥状双高斯光束经过傍轴光学系统的解析传输变换式由传输变换式计算分析了空心锥状双高斯光束在自由空问的可控传输特性,及在1,10和60 m的截面光环的光强分布.用KNbO3双轴晶体进行实验,获得了空心锥状双高斯光束,外锥折射的锥角等于入射光会聚角.实验表明,当空心光束处于锥状发射状态时,空心光束的光环内黑斑面积随传输距离的增加而增加,实验结果与模型吻合较好.该研究为进一步设计制备基于空心锥状舣高斯光束的新型激光元件提供了理论依据和设计参量. 相似文献
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Based on the vectorial Rayleith-Sommerfeld formulae, the nonparaxial propagation properties of the vector hollow Gaussian beams (HGBs) through a circular aperture are studied in detail. We describe the derivation of the integral expressions of the propagation of nonparaxial vector HGBs through a circular aperture. The derived expression is independent the approximation of paraxial and far field, which are valid for either far and near field and for the systems in which aperture radius is comparable to or even smaller than wavelength. And it is also strict integral formula for the light field on the axis. Numerical calculation results indicate that there is no difference between derived formulae and the Collins formulae in the situation of paraxial approximation. Using the formula deduced, we calculate the propagation properties of HGBs. The calculated results indicate that the propagation field of vector hollow Gaussian beams is asymmetric in near field, while the propagation field is symmetric in far field. These research results could well shed light on the further understanding of the vectorial property of HGBs through a circular aperture, and would play a guiding role in the practical application of HGBs. 相似文献
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模拟研究了具有一定初态能带的相对论电子在强聚焦激光场中的动力学特性,发现激光场强达a0=eE/m,cw≥5,有三种典型的动力学轨道:电子俘获加速轨道CAS(Capture&Acceleration Scenario),非弹性散射轨道IS(Inelastic Scattering),电子穿进轨道PARM(Penetrate into Axial Region and Move)。发现穿进轨道PARM的出现强烈依赖于腰宽w0,住膛宽较小(激光腰宽w0≤30)时较明显,其出现与紧聚焦激光场衍射效应较强有火。在腰宽较小时,随着脉冲长度的减小,PARM的出现概率减小,而IS的出现概率增大。本文探讨了三种轨道物理机制的区别。为聚焦激光场加速电子提供参考。 相似文献
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The physical nature of the auroral electron acceleration has been an
outstanding problem in space physics for decades. Some recent observations
from the auroral orbit satellites, FREJA and FAST, showed that large
amplitude solitary kinetic Alfvén waves (SKAWs) are a common electromagnetic active phenomenon in the auroral magnetosphere. In a low-β (i.e., β/2<<me/mi<<1) plasma, the drift velocity of electrons relative to ions within SKAWs is much larger than thermal velocities of both electrons and ions. This leads to instabilities and causes dissipations of SKAWs. In the present work, based on the analogy of classical particle motion in a potential well, it is shown that a shock-like structure can be formed from SKAWs if dissipation effects are included. The reformed SKAWs with a shock-like structure have a local density jump and a net field-aligned electric potential drop of order of mevA2/e over a characteristic width
of several λe. As a consequence, the reformed SKAWs can efficiently accelerate electrons field-aligned to the order of the local
Alfvén velocity. In particular, we argue that this electron acceleration mechanism by reformed SKAWs can play an important role in the auroral electron
acceleration problem. The result shows that not only the location of
acceleration regions predicted by this model is well consistent with the
observed auroral electron acceleration region of 1—2 RE above the auroral ionosphere, but also the accelerated electrons from this region can obtain an energy of several keV and carry a field-aligned current of several
μA/m2 which are comparable
to the observations of auroral electrons. 相似文献
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Spatiotemporal Evolution of Intense Short Gaussian Laser Pulses in Weakly Relativistic Magnetized Plasma 下载免费PDF全文
The weakly relativistic regime of propagation of a short and intense laser pulse in the magnetized plasma is investigated. By considering relativistic nonlinearity and using non‐linear Schrödinger equation with paraxial approximation, two second‐order coupled differential equations are obtained for the longitudinal pulse width parameter (in time) and for the transverse pulse width parameter (in space). The simultaneous evolution of spot size and length of a relativistic Gaussian laser pulse in a magnetized plasma can be calculated by the numerical solution of the equations. The effect of magnetic field is investigated. It is observed that in the presence of magnetic field both the self‐compression and the self‐focusing can be enhanced. Furthermore, the interplay between the longitudinal self‐compression and the transverse self‐focusing in a magnetized plasma is investigated. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
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The direct acceleration of electrons by using two linearly polarized crossed
Bessel--Gaussian (BG) beams with equal frequency and amplitude in vacuum is proposed
and studied. It is shown that two linearly polarized BG beams of the same order (0
or 1) with a \textit{\pi }-rad phase difference have a resultant non-zero
longitudinal electric field on the z-axis and can be used, in principle, to
accelerate electrons. 相似文献
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We propose a new approach to high‐intensity relativistic laser‐driven electron acceleration in a plasma. Here, we demonstrate that a plasma wave generated by a stimulated forward‐scattering of an incident laser pulse can be in the longest acceleration phase with injected relativistic beam electrons. This is why the plasma wave has the maximum amplification coefficient which is determined by the acceleration time and the breakdown (overturn) electric field in which the acceleration of the injected beam electrons occurs. We must note that for the longest acceleration phase the relativity of the injected beam electrons plays a crucial role in our scheme. We estimate qualitatively the acceleration parameters of relativistic electrons in the field of a plasma wave generated at the stimulated forward‐scattering of a high‐intensity laser pulse in a plasma. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
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部分相干高斯-谢尔模型光束在介质中传输的M2因子 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
在波数K为复数的情况下,对部分相干光强度二阶矩及M2因子的定义进行了修正。以部分相干高斯谢尔模型(GSM)光束为例,讨论了光束在介质中传输时M2因子的变化。研究结果表明,部分相干光束在增益或损耗介质中传输时的M2因子与光束在无增益无损耗介质传输时的M2因子具有不同变化特性,此时,M2因子不仅只与部分相干光的相干参量β有关,且随着传输距离B和表征介质增益(或损耗)特征Ki的增大而增大(或减小);随着相干长度σ0的具体尺寸、波数实部Kr的减小而增大(或减小)。为控制光束质量提供几种有效的途径。 相似文献
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This work reveals an exploration of self-focusing of Hermite-cosine-Gaussian laser beam in a collisionless plasma under relativistic nonlinearity. Self-focusing along with self-trapping of Hermite-cosine-Gaussian laser beam are analyzed for different values of laser intensity, plasma density, and decentered parameters. Mathematical analysis displays that these parameters play a major role in achieving the stronger and earlier self-focusing. Further, a comparative study between self-focusing of Hermite-cosine-Gaussian laser beam with and without exponential density ramp profile is introduced. Plasma density transition with exponential profile is found to be more effective in order to have stronger self-focusing. The present analysis may lead to very useful applications in the field of efficient harmonic generation, laser driven fusion etc. 相似文献