高热流密度激光作用下含湿多孔材料的传热传质分析

建立了快速高热流密度激光作用下含湿多孔材料传热传质数学模型,并采用恰当的数值处理方法进行了数值计算.结果表明,快速高热流密度激光作用下含湿多孔材料的传热传质具有经典热质传递理论难以解释的超常效应-非傅立叶与非费克效应,且非费克效应比非傅立叶效应更明显,较高含湿量的材料在高热流密度激光作用下的非费克效应应予以足够重视.     

相变材料蓄能式低温热水采暖地板热性能模拟

提出了一种采用定形相变材料蓄能的低温热水采暖地板形式。为了研究定形相变材料蓄能式低温热水采暖地板的传热性能,建立了该地板的传热分析模型。分析了相变材料的相变温度对地板表面平均热流密度和蓄能比的影响;比较了相变材料潜热蓄能地板与混凝土显热蓄能地板的热性能差异。结果表明:定形相变材料地板停止加热后仍可以在较长时间内保持稳定的热流密度。同时定形相变材料地板具有较大的蓄能比,使其夜间蓄存的热量可被更多地用于日间供热。     

基于LBM的多孔陶瓷有效热导率和相变传热分析

多孔氮化铝陶瓷具有高导热、耐熔盐腐蚀等优点在相变材料封装方面具有较大应用前景。本文采用微米计算机断层扫描(CT)得多孔氮化铝的灰度图像,并精准重构三维孔隙结构。并采用四参数随机生长、堆积颗粒、维诺结构等数值方法建立结构模型。基于介观尺度的格子玻尔兹曼方法 (LBM),计算了多孔陶瓷的有效热导率,结果表明维诺结构与CT真实重构的热导率接近。采用三维焓法LBM模拟了多孔骨架内的相变传热过程,获得了孔隙尺度对流相变的传热机理,并分析了不同孔隙率时的储热密度和复合材料的有效热导率。基于CT扫描和LBM的相变传热模拟有助于快速分析骨架的热特性,为多孔骨架的设计提供理论基础。     

薄层物料受激光脉冲热作用的数值模拟

有别于传统的将加热光源作为第二类边界条件的传热计算方法,考虑到激光与薄层多孔材料热相互作用,将激光加热处理为在被加热物料内沿光程按指数规律衰减的内加热源.考虑到薄层多孔材料在大功率微秒脉冲激光作用下可能会出现极为明显的非傅立叶效应,采用非傅立叶导热的双曲型模型描述多孔材料内的传热过程,并用有限差分方法对其进行数值求解,重点分析并讨论了薄层多孔材料的非傅立叶导热现象与物料的光学性质之间的相关关系.     

蓄冰球内多孔泡沫金属对流体冻结传热影响的试验研究

通过试验比较注有相同水量的多孔泡沫金属蓄冰球与普通蓄冰球冻结传热过程的动态特性,研究了多孔泡沫金属对蓄冰球内流体冻结传热过程的影响。试验发现:两种蓄冰球中的流体工质均需达到一定过冷度后才发生相变;在相同制冷工况下,蓄冰球内多孔泡沫金属流体工质进入相变状态快,并且完成工质总相变过程的时间短。研究表明,多孔泡沫金属具有良好的动态相变换热特性,能有效强化蓄冰球内流体冻结传热。     

毛细多孔介质在液氮中的传热试验研究

为了研究毛细多孔介质在液氮中的传热性能,进行了在试验件中不填充和填充超细玻璃棉的试验。采用低温热电偶连续测量试验件的5个不同位置的温度,得到了5条温度曲线。分析曲线表明超细玻璃棉对传热过程有明显的强化作用,且能使试验件在一段时间内保持相对稳定的低温。并从理论上分析了换热过程,整理了换热方程组。     

常压等离子体对柔性多孔材料表面处理均匀性的研究进展

柔性多孔材料在当今众多前沿科学与技术领域发挥着重要作用,其表面改性将进一步赋予其多样和优异的表面性能,拓展其在功能和智能可穿戴等领域的应用.常压等离子体技术由于低温、低能耗、高效、环保、低成本、不改变材料本体特性、易于实现卷对卷制备等优势,在应用环境、样品材料选择上展现出良好的适应性,在低熔点柔性材料大面积低成本表面处理方面具有很好的应用前景和研究价值.本文综述了近年来常压等离子体柔性多孔材料表面改性的几个实例及在新材料、新能源、环保、生物医学中的应用.探讨了柔性多孔材料常压等离子体均匀处理所遇到的稳定性及渗透性的问题与挑战.综述了本课题组在常压等离子体稳定放电、卷对卷常压等离子体多孔介质处理及内部渗透性和均匀性方面的研究工作,介绍了本课题组在常压等离子体纳米颗粒膜沉积动力学及膜结构调控方面的突破和思路.常压等离子体柔性多孔介质表面处理技术走向应用仍然存在诸多挑战,需要结合常压等离子体的放电方式及特性、处理材料的结构及加工特性、等离子体和材料的相互作用等来进行综合考虑,才能提供合理可行的解决方案.     

两相闭式热虹吸管内不同表面蒸发器的沸腾换热实验研究

本文设计搭建了带有蒸发器的两相闭式热虹吸管的气液两相流动与传热特性的可视化实验平台,制备了多种尺寸的光滑表面蒸发器,并采用电镀的方法制备了微纳米尺度的多孔表面蒸发器,研究了光滑表面蒸发器和微纳米尺度多孔表面蒸发器内工质R134a的气液两相运行状态和相变传热过程。研究结果表明:光滑表面蒸发器的流道尺寸会影响其在不同热流密度条件下的传热系数;多孔表面蒸发器的传热效果要远高于光滑表面的蒸发器,最高达到光滑表面蒸发器传热系数的4倍;不同尺寸的光滑表面蒸发器和多孔表面蒸发器热流密度从零到临界热流密度所经过的沸腾状态也存在较大差异。     

多层非晶薄膜爆炸焊接原理

 从冲击动力学原理出发，建立了多层薄膜爆炸焊接的动力学模型。多层薄膜组合从某种意义上讲可以看成是一种特殊的多孔材料，其在冲击波作用下的行为完全可用多孔材料状态方程来描述。文中还针对非晶态材料的特点，建立了多层焊接的传热模型。计算结果表明，多层爆炸焊接完全可以保证非晶态材料不发生相变。     

温室内多孔蓄热墙传热与流动特性

本文采用一维稳态饱和多孔介质能量双方程模型,对温室内多孔蓄热墙的传热与流动特性进行了研究.结果表明:多孔蓄热墙的固体骨架与空气之间的换热取决于空气的入口流速、多孔材料的孔隙率、渗透率和固体骨架的导热系数,由于多孔蓄热墙接受的太阳辐照是不均匀的,因此推荐采用具有不同孔隙率的新型复合多孔蓄热墙,以减少这种不利的影响.     

沉降分布孔隙率多孔介质模型及数值研究

研究沉降分布孔隙率多孔介质流动和传热,根据"O"形圈理论和现场测定确定孔隙率系数,建立坐标方向孔隙率分布函数;考虑流体密度变化,并引入Brinkman-Forchheimer的扩展Darcy模型,能量方程采用界面连续条件,建立沉降分布孔隙率多孔介质流动和传热求解模型.采用差分法对模型进行离散化,应用高斯-赛德尔方法迭代求解.数值分析表明:沉降分布孔隙率条件下多孔介质内流体流动速度在壁面附近较大,中心部位较小,壁面附近孔隙率的增大使得低流速区域减小,较高流速区域增大;当孔隙率小值时,温度按线性减小;当孔隙率大值时,温度在高低温壁面附近迅速减小,在中部减小较缓,热量按导热和对流共同传递;孔隙率增大能使平均怒谢尔数增大,对流换热作用增强.     

三维有序排列多孔介质对流换热的数值研究

利用CFD软件数值研究了颗粒三维有序堆积多孔介质的对流换热问题. 采用颗粒直径分别为14 mm,9.4 mm和7 mm的球形颗粒有序排列构成多孔介质骨架,在多孔骨架的上方有一恒热流密度的铜板. 采用流固耦合的方法研究了槽通道内温度分布和局部对流换热系数的分布以及对流换热的影响因素. 研究结果表明:热渗透的厚度和温度边界层的厚度在流动方向上逐渐增大,并且随流量的增加而减小;当骨架的导热系数比较高时,对流换热随颗粒直径的减小而略有增大;对流换热系数随聚丙烯酰胺溶液浓度的增大而减小,黏性耗散减弱了对流换热. 关键词： 多孔介质 温度场 局部对流换热系数 数值模拟     

小型平板CPL蒸发器耦合计算及优化设计研究

本文建立了小型平板CPL蒸发器毛细多孔芯内汽液两相流动与传热的模型以及金属外壁和工质区的导热模型,并进行耦合求解.分析了金属侧壁效应对蒸发器性能的影响,提出小型平板CPL存在着侧壁效应传热极限.数值结果表明,工质蒸发发生在多孔芯加热表面附近,蒸发器采用单一金属外壁时由于侧壁效应导致系统传热极限低,而上壁采用导热系数大,侧壁及下壁采用导热系数小的新型结构能够明显的提高系统的传热能力,同时使加热表面的温度维持在较低的水平.     

Thermal conductivity of micro/nano-porous polymers: Prediction models and applications

Micro/nano-porous polymeric material is considered a unique industrial material due to its extremely low thermal conductivity, low density, and high surface area. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an accurate thermal conductivity prediction model suiting their applicable conditions and provide a theoretical basis for expanding their applications. In this work, the development of the calculation model of equivalent thermal conductivity of micro/nano-porous polymeric materials in recent years is summarized. Firstly, it reviews the process of establishing the overall equivalent thermal conductivity calculation model for micro/nanoporous polymers. Then, the predicted calculation models of thermal conductivity are introduced separately according to the conductive and radiative thermal conductivity models. In addition, the thermal conduction part is divided into the gaseous thermal conductivity model, solid thermal conductivity model and gas–solid coupling model. Finally, it is concluded that, compared with other porous materials, there are few studies on heat transfer of micro/ nanoporous polymers, especially on the particular heat transfer mechanisms such as scale effects at the micro/nanoscale. In particular, the following aspects of porous polymers still need to be further studied: micro scaled thermal radiation, heat transfer characteristics of particular morphologies at the nanoscales, heat transfer mechanism and impact factors of micro/nanoporous polymers. Such studies would provide a more accurate prediction of thermal conductivity and a broader application in energy conversion and storage systems.     

超临界CO2在烧结多孔圆管中换热的实验研究

本文对超临界压力二氧化碳在烧结多孔介质的竖直圆管中的对流换热进行了实验研究。分析了入口温度超过准临界温度、颗粒直径为0．2-0．28 mm的多孔圆管中,压力、流量、热流密度以及流动方向对超临界二氧化碳对流换热的影响。结果表明,准临界点附近剧烈变物性的影响使得超临界二氧化碳在多孔结构中的对流换热非常复杂。对流换热随着温度远离准临界温度和热流密度的增加不断减弱;流量对对流换热的影响比较复杂。在准临界温度附近,浮升力对换热有一定的影响。     

A Temperature-Mapping Method for TetraHydrofuran Hydrate Formation in Porous Media

Temperature mapping provides important information for thermal characteristic analysis. There is no effective method for temperature mapping in porous media. A magnetic resonance imaging method is proposed to obtain temperature maps for hydrate formation in porous media in this study. The experimental results show that there is a high-temperature region around the hydrate formation zones. A threshold value of the mean intensity is necessary for temperature mapping. The effects of temperature on the mean intensity are negligible after the tetrahydrofuran solution completely forms hydrates. It is also shown that hydrate dissociation is confined by heat transfer and that there are three parameters affecting the hydrate saturation.     

多孔表面开槽影响池沸腾传热的实验研究

本文报道了开槽密度对R11在烧结多孔表面池沸腾换热性能影响的实验研究。观察发现,多孔表面开槽,让蒸汽从槽道逸出、液体从多孔区吸入到受热面,将增强池沸腾换热。沸腾特征可分为液体灌注、槽道起泡、底部蒸干三个区。对特定的多孔层,合理开槽可获得较好的换热效果。带槽道的多孔表面实验件与均匀多孔表面相比,在相同壁面过热度条件下,热流密度提高2～10倍,临界热流密度提高2～4倍。     

Analysis of the Properties of Fractional Heat Conduction in Porous Electrodes of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Research on the heat transfer characteristics of lithium-ion batteries is of great significance to the thermal management system of electric vehicles. The electrodes of lithium-ion batteries are composed of porous materials, and thus the heat conduction of the battery is not a standard form of diffusion. The traditional heat conduction model is not suitable for lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, a fractional heat conduction model is used to study the heat transfer properties of lithium-ion batteries. Firstly, the heat conduction model of the battery is established based on the fractional calculus theory. Then, the temperature characteristic test was carried out to collect the temperature of the battery in various operating environments. Finally, the temperature calculated by the fractional heat conduction model was compared with the measured temperature. The results show that the accuracy of fractional heat conduction model is higher than that of traditional heat conduction model. The fractional heat conduction model can well simulate the transient temperature field of the battery. The fractional heat conduction model can be used to monitor the temperature of the battery, so as to ensure the safety and stability of the battery performance.     

Analytical study of stretched ultra-lean premixed flames within porous inert media

It has been shown both theoretically and experimentally that combustion within porous inert media can extend the flammability limits of reactant mixtures for unstretched stationary premixed flames. However little attention has been given to flames within porous media submitted to stretch conditions. This work presents a closed form approximate analytical solution for the problem of ultra-lean premixed flames within porous inert media subjected to small stretch rates in an impinging flow configuration against a constant temperature wall. The solution is obtained using the method of matched asymptotic expansions taking advantage of the large difference between the solid- and gas-phase thermal conductivities. The model allows for thermal nonequilibrium between the phases and is able to predict the flame temperature, velocity and position as function of the stretch rate. The results show that within porous media low stretch rates may increase the flame temperature, further extending the lean flammability limit of the reactant mixture when compared to planar flames. The model is restricted to low porosities, low stretch rates, low heat losses and intense interphase heat transfer.