三能级原子与耦合腔相互作用系统中的纠缠特性

采用Negativity熵来度量两个子系统间的纠缠,利用数值计算方法研究了简并Λ型三能级原子和简并V型三能级原子与耦合腔共振相互作用系统中原子之间、腔场之间和原子与腔场间的纠缠特性.给出了系统初始激发数为1时系统态矢的演化公式;讨论了腔场间的耦合系数变化对纠缠特性的影响.研究结果表明:随腔场间的耦合系数增大,原子间的纠缠增强,腔场间的纠缠减弱.     

微波连续变量极化纠缠

极化微波作为当前被广泛应用的信息载体,具有许多独特的优势.随着超导技术的发展,量子微波技术逐渐兴起,将量子纠缠应用于极化微波将具有广阔的应用前景.本文阐述了连续变量极化纠缠的原理,提出了极化纠缠微波方案并进行了仿真分析,利用归一化的不可分度I作为判据,分析了在整个约瑟夫森混合器100 MHz工作带宽内斯托克斯参量的不可分度I(S_1,S_2),I(S_2,S_3),并进一步分析了I分别与压缩度r、振幅比值Q的关系,发现I(S_1,S_2),I(S_2,S_3)分别对振幅比值Q、压缩度r的变化敏感,且在本文研究的条件下I(S_1,S_2)始终大于1,I(S_2,S_3)始终小于1,斯托克斯参量S_2,S_3构成不可分态,方案产生的两个微波信号E_a和E_b存在二组分极化纠缠,最佳纠缠出现在70 MHz附近,此时I(S_2,S_3)取得最小值0.25.     

连续变量1.34 μm量子纠缠态光场的实验制备

设计研制了连续单频671 nm/1342 nm双波长激光器,并通过模式清洁器降低了激光器额外噪声.利用该低噪声连续单频激光器抽运由Ⅱ类准相位匹配晶体构成的双共振非简并光学参量放大器,实验制备出纠缠度达3 dB的光通信波段1.34μm连续变量量子纠缠态光场.该波段量子纠缠态光场在光纤中传输损耗低且相散效应小,与现有的光纤通信系统相兼容,可用于实现基于光纤的实用化连续变量量子通信.     

耦合腔系统中的三体纠缠演化

研究由耦合腔和四个全同的二能级原子构成的系统中三体纠缠态纠缠量的演化. 四个原子分别囚禁在单模耦合腔A和B中, 并且原子通过单光子跃迁与腔场发生共振相互作用. 采用纠缠张量方法, 通过数值计算研究了每个腔中三体纠缠的演化. 讨论了原子与腔场间的耦合强度对三体纠缠演化的影响. 研究结果表明: 原子与腔场间的两体纠缠强于原子间的两体纠缠, 每个腔中的三体纠缠是两体纠缠相干叠加的结果.     

Spin-star environment assisted entanglement generation in weakly coupled bipartite systems

We study the entanglement evolution in a weakly coupled bipartite system with a large energy level difference under the influence of spin-star environments. The subsystems can be coupled to a pure state or a thermal equilibrium state spin-star environment. Our results show that, in the case of the coupling strength being less than the energy level difference of the subsystems （weakly coupled）, the spin-star environment can always be used to assist the entanglement generation of the bipartite system.     

Entanglement of two two-level atoms trapped in coupled cavities with a Kerr medium

In this paper, the entanglement dynamics of two two-level atoms trapped in coupled cavities with a Kerr medium is investigated, We find that the phenomena of entanglement sudden death （ESD） and entanglement sudden birth （ESB） appear during the evolution process. The influences of initial atomic states, Kerr medium, and cavity-cavity hopping rate on the atom-atom entanglement are discussed. The results obtained by the numerical method show that the atom- atom entanglement is strengthened and even prevented from ESD with increasing cavity-cavity hopping rate and Kerr nonlinearity.     

Investigation of the influence of extra noises in seed beams on continuous-variable entanglement generation

The influence of the extra classical noises in seed beams on the entanglement between the signal and the idler modes of the output fields generated by a non-degenerate optical parametric amplifier operating at deamplification is investigated theoretically and experimentally.With the increase of the extra classical noises in the seed beams,the correlation degree of the output entangled optical fields,which is scaled by the quantum noise limit,decreases rapidly.The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical calculations.     

Effect of excess noise on continuous variable entanglement sudden death and Gaussian quantum discord

A symmetric two-mode Gaussian entangled state is used to investigate the effect of excess noise on entanglement sudden death and Gaussian quantum discord with continuous variables. The results show that the excess noise in the channel can lead to entanglement sudden death of a symmetric two-mode Gaussian entangled state, while Gaussian quantum discord never vanishes. As a practical application, the security of a quantum key distribution （QKD） scheme based on a symmetric two-mode Gaussian entangled state against collective Gaussian attacks is analyzed. The calculation results show that the secret key cannot be distilled when entanglement vanishes and only quantum discord exists in such a QKD scheme.     

Quantum entanglement generation on magnons assisted with microwave cavities coupled to a superconducting qubit

We present protocols to generate quantum entanglement on nonlocal magnons in hybrid systems composed of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spheres, microwave cavities and a superconducting (SC) qubit. In the schemes, the YIGs are coupled to respective microwave cavities in resonant way, and the SC qubit is placed at the center of the cavities, which interacts with the cavities simultaneously. By exchanging the virtual photon, the cavities can indirectly interact in the far-detuning regime. Detailed protocols are presented to establish entanglement for two, three and arbitrary N magnons with reasonable fidelities.     

连续变量量子纠缠增强实验的改进

通过在泵浦光和注入光路中加入高精细度模清洁器及提高实验系统锁定的精度,我们对连续变量量子增强的实验系统加以了改进,初始的EPR纠缠光场的正交振幅及正交位相分量的关联度分别从(2.4±0.2)dB,(2.4±0.2)dB提高至(4.0±0.2)dB,(3.9±0.2)dB,而输出纠缠态光场的关联度分别由原来的(3.0±0.2)dB,(3.0±0.2)dB提高至(5.6±0.2dB),(5.5±0.2)dB。与此前的实验系统相比,纠缠增强的效率及结果均有一定提高。     

Quantum dynamic behaviour in a coupled cavities system

The dynamic behaviour of the two-site coupled cavities model which is doped with ta wo-level system is investigated.The exact dynamic solutions in the general condition are obtained via Laplace transform.The simple analytical solutions are obtained in several particular cases,which demonstrate the clear and simple physical picture for the quantum state transition of the system.In the large detuning or hoppling case,the quantum states transferring between qubits follow a slow periodic oscillation induced by the very weak excitation of the cavity mode.In the large coupling case,the system can be interpreted as two Jaynes-Cummings model subsystems which interact through photon hop between the two cavities.In the case of λ≈△>> g,the quantum states transition of qubits is accompanied by the excitation of the cavity,and the cavity modes have the same dynamic behaviours and the amplitude of probability is equal to 0.25 which does not change with the variation of parameter.     

Quantum frequency doubling based on tripartite entanglement with cavities

We analyze the entanglement characteristics of three harmonic modes,which are the output fields from three cavities with an input tripartite entangled state at fundamental frequency.The entanglement properties of the input beams can be maintained after their frequencies have been up-converted by the process of second harmonic generation.We have calculated the parametric dependences of the correlation spectrum on the initial squeezing factor,the pump power,the transmission coefficient,and the normalized analysis frequency of cavity.The numerical results provide references to choose proper experimental parameters for designing the experiment.The frequency conversion of the multipartite entangled state can also be applied to a quantum communication network.     

原子与耦合腔相互作用系统中的纠缠特性

本文研究将两个二能级原子分别注入耦合腔A和B中,并且原子与腔场发生共振相互作用的情况.采用Negativity熵度量两子系统间的纠缠,利用数值计算方法研究了两个原子之间、腔内原子与腔场之间和两个腔场之间的纠缠性质.讨论了腔场间的耦合强度对纠缠特性的影响.研究结果表明:随腔场间耦合的增强,两原子间的纠缠增强,而原子与腔场间和两腔场间的纠缠减弱. 关键词： 量子光学 二能级原子 耦合腔 量子纠缠     

三个耦合腔系统中的纠缠特性

本文研究将三个二能级原子分别囚禁在耦合腔A, B和C中, 腔中原子与腔场发生共振相互作用的情况. 采用Negativity熵度量两子系统间的纠缠, 通过数值计算给出了两个原子之间和两个腔场之间的纠缠演化. 讨论了腔场间的耦合强度对纠缠特性的影响. 研究结果表明: 原子间的纠缠与腔场间的耦合系数间存在非线性关系. 另一方面, 相邻腔场腔A和腔B间, 以及腔B和腔C间的纠缠随腔场间的耦合系数增大而减弱, 但非相邻腔场腔A和腔C间的纠缠却随腔场间的耦合系数增大而增强.     

连续变量多模压缩态光场

连续变量压缩态光场的制备在量子光学和量子信息科学领域具有重要的地位,连续变量多模压缩态光场在多维量子信息传输、量子计算以及高精细度测量等方面存在着潜力巨大的应用前景。本文介绍了该方面的研究现状和国际动态。     

Tunable thermal entanglement in an effective spin-star system using coupled microcavities

We theoretically explore the possibility of realizing controllable thermal entanglement of effective spins in a four-qubit anisotropic Heisenberg XXZ coupling spin-star system constructed by coupled microcavities. We analyse the dependence of thermal entanglement in this system on temperature, inhomogeneity of the magnetic field, and anisotropy, which can be readily tuned via the external laser fields. The peculiar characteristic and the full controllability of the thermal entanglement are demonstrated to be useful for quantum information processing.     

两腔级联纠缠增强的理论分析

高纠缠度的纠缠源是实现高保真度量子信息传输与处理的保障,因为受到光学元器件自身性能不完美的限制,通过有效的操控手段来提高光场的纠缠度是十分必要的.连续变量Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen纠缠态光场可以利用工作在阈值以下的非简并光学参量放大器来获得.将两个非简并光学参量放大器级联,可以利用第二个光学腔来操控第一个光学腔输出的纠缠态光场,在一定条件下实现光场的纠缠增强.本文通过理论分析设计出两种光学腔级联的实验系统,其中,纠缠产生装置采用具有三共振结构的半整块驻波腔,输出到目前为止世界上单腔获得两组份纠缠态光场纠缠度的最高值,操控光学腔采用驻波腔或四镜环形腔的结构.详细对比分析了不同结构的操控腔对纠缠增强效果的影响,得出利用不同腔形作为操控腔的最佳实验方案.同时分析了级联腔输出光场的纠缠度随不同物理参量的变化关系,得出进一步优化的最佳实验系统参量,为实验获得更高纠缠度的纠缠态光场提供了依据.     

Tripartite entanglement of atoms trapped in coupled cavities via quantum Zeno dynamics

A scheme is proposed for the generation of a W state for three atoms trapped in spatially separated cavities connected by optical fibers via quantum Zeno dynamics. Our scheme is based on the resulting effective dynamics induced by continuous coupling between the atoms and cavities. The effects of decoherence such as atomic spontaneous emission and the fiber and cavity losses are considered. Numerical results show that the scheme is very robust against the cavity decay due to a tiny excitation probability of the cavity fields during the operation.