镁盐晶须填充材料的研究进展和应用前景

介绍了镁盐晶须填充材料在复合材料、塑料、金属铸造等行业的应用,对当前国内外镁盐晶须的合成研究发展现状进行了简要评述,结合作者对硼酸镁晶须的研究结果,指出了当前研究中存在的一些问题和不足。     

碳酸钙晶须填充材料的合成及应用展望

对目前制备碳酸钙晶须的碳酸化法、复分解反应法、尿素水解法、碳酸氢钙加热分解法和超重力反应结晶法进行了分析和评述。结合作者对碳酸钙晶须的研究结果,指出了当前制备研究中存在的不足,采用作者的制备工艺能将反应物浓度大大提高,且得到的晶须品质好,长径比高。此外,文章还介绍了碳酸钙晶须在塑料等领域的应用。     

"一锅法"简便合成一芳基硼酸和二芳基硼酸

本文改进了一芳基硼酸和二芳基硼酸的制备方法. 利用芳卤, 镁屑, 硼酸三正丁酯或三氟化硼乙醚溶液在室温下"一锅"反应简便合成一芳基硼酸和二芳基硼酸, 分离产率为48～80% .     

X-射线荧光光谱法在线分析硅石中8种元素的含量

以四硼酸锂—偏硼酸锂混合熔剂熔融制备样品，利用X-射线荧光光谱法实现了硅石中硅、铝、钙、镁、磷、钾、钛、铁等元素的在线分析，分析速度快，结果准确。     

硼酸铝晶须合成机理的研究

利用DTA、XRD和SEM研究了AlK(SO4 ) 2 H3BO3 K2 SO4 体系高温合成硼酸铝 (9Al2 O3·2B2 O3)晶须的机理 ,研究结果表明 ,在该体系中 ,9Al2 O3·2B2 O3 晶须的合成温度是 72 0～ 10 0 0℃ ,这一合成温度大大低于氧化铝 硼酸体系中 9Al2 O3·2B2 O3 晶须的合成温度 (110 0℃ )。合成机理的研究同时发现 ,该体系中 ,由 2Al2 O3·B2 O3 中间产物向9Al2 O3·2B2 O3 晶须转化的反应速率较快 ,这也明显有别于氧化铝 硼酸体系中 9Al2 O3·2B2 O3 晶须的合成机理     

《多功能金属硼酸盐合成与应用》

正本书在简要介绍金属硼酸盐的发现和研究简史、硼酸盐消费结构、硼酸盐化学组成和结构等的基础上,详细阐述了钠铵硼酸盐、偏硼酸盐、过硼酸盐、硼酸铝等多种硼酸盐的理化性质、合成工艺与用途,同时扩展了硼酸、硼酸盐抗粉化剂、氟硼酸盐、硼酸盐晶须、金属硼氢化盐及硼酸盐的应用领域等相关内容。书号:9787122306869定价:60.0元     

甲醇-丙三醇消解IC法测定高纯硼酸中硫酸根、磷酸氢根、锂、钠、镁、钙

文章通过基体预消除法测定了高纯硼酸中痕量组分硫酸根、磷酸氢根、钠、钾、镁和钙杂质组分。在特制的密闭反应容器中硼酸首先与甲醇生成挥发性的硼酸三甲酯,硼酸三甲酯与丙三醇反应生成不易挥发的多聚硼酸酯,同时释放出甲醇,实现硼酸基体的消除。离子色谱法(IC)测定,各组分的检测限(3σ)分别为硫酸根100 ng/g、磷酸根200 ng/g、锂15 ng/g、钠20 ng/g、钾30 ng/g、镁50 ng/g和钙离子50 ng/g。     

大柴旦富硼浓缩盐卤中硼酸镁盐稀释结晶动力学

采用动力学法研究了富硼浓缩盐卤稀释过程硼酸镁盐的结晶动力学,重点探讨了温度、稀释比和硼浓度对结晶过程的影响。利用单纯形优化法配合Runge-Kutta微分方程组数值解法对实验数据进行拟合,给出了结晶动力学方程和结晶速率。结果表明,低温、高硼浓度和中间稀释比有利于硼酸镁盐的结晶析出,最优条件下析硼率(以B_2O_3计)高达88%;结晶速率随硼浓度的增加和温度的降低快速增大;反应级数表明稀释结晶过程硼酸镁盐结晶主要受多核表面反应控制,同时提出了结晶相转化机理。     

纳米纤维素的制备

在纳米尺寸范围操控纤维素分子及其超分子聚集体,结构设计并组装出稳定的多重花样,由此创制出具有优异功能的新纳米精细化工品、新纳米材料,是纤维素科学的前沿领域和热点。为了研究当前制备纳米纤维素的现状和发展方向,简述了纳米纤维素化学基础,介绍了三类纳米纤维素：纳米纤维素晶体（晶须）、纳米纤维素复合物和纳米纤维素纤维,重点综述了纳米纤维素的五种制备方法：化学法制备纳米纤维素晶体和晶须、生物法制备细菌纤维素、物理法制备微纤化纳米纤维素、人工合成纳米纤维素和静电纺丝制备纤维素纤维,讨论了各种制备方法的优点和缺点,指出开展纳米纤维素超分子的可控结构设计、立体与位向选择性控制与制备、分子识别与位点识别等自组装过程机理、多尺度结构效应的形成机理等基础理论性研究是主要研究基础,新型的、绿色、低能耗、快速、高效的制备方法是纳米纤维素制备方法的发展方向。     

微米级硫酸钙晶须的制备

为了制备分布均一、具有较好光滑性和长径比的微米结构二水硫酸钙(CaSO4.2H2O)晶须,在室温条件下,以CaCl2和(NH4)2SO4为主要原料,通过一步超声反应制备出具有比较理想结构的微米级二水硫酸钙晶须。研究发现,在硫酸钙晶须生成过程中无水乙醇的量起着非常重要的作用,过多、过少的无水乙醇都不利于生成目标产物。CTAB的量对于二水硫酸钙晶须的长径比大小具有较大的调控作用。当无水乙醇的量为20mL,CTAB的浓度为0.9mmol/L,超声时间为1h时可以制备较理想的目标产物。120℃热处理2h晶须变碎,结果与热重结果相一致。与一般的晶体制备不同的是陈化时间对硫酸钙晶须的长径比无影响。通过X射线粉末衍射和热重分析分别对产物的结构和热稳定性进行了表征。结合实验简单探讨了二水硫酸钙晶须生成的机理,从中发现了制备较高长径比的二水硫酸钙晶须的一些规律。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.