光盘光学系统的矢量衍射理论分析

本文以完整的矢量衍射理论分析了光盘光学系统。首先将入射的聚焦光束分解为平面波谱 ,得到每个平面波的振幅矢量 ;然后计算光盘对每个平面波的衍射 ,得到衍射波的振幅矢量 ,从而得到了整个衍射波场的空间频谱 ;最后计算物镜光瞳上的能通量 ,得到光盘系统的读出信号。在衍射计算中 ,光盘被定义为二维金属光栅 ,根据信息符的不同模型 ,选用坐标变换方法、耦合波方法或模态方法。对于典型的 DVD光学系统来说 ,矢量理论的结论与标量理论相差甚远 ,要得到正确的结果就必须采用矢量衍射理论     

超分辨近场结构光盘读出信号的计算模型

给出了超分辨近场结构光盘(Super RENS)读出信号的计算模型。以时域有限差分法为基础,结合高斯光束矢量模型和衍射方法,通过计算得到了物镜出瞳上的读出信号。计算结果表明,Super RENS具有超衍射极限的空间分辨能力,并且其读出信号的特征完全不同于传统光盘。     

矢量衍射理论在光盘中的应用

衍射计算是设计光盘光学系统的基础。只读光盘信息符（ 坑点） 尺寸可以和波长相比拟或在更小时标量衍射理论不再适用。本文将光盘信息符抽象成二维光栅,应用耦合波理论导出了当用平面波检测光盘时衍射波场的计算公式,得到了衍射强度 坑深曲线,并提出了临界坑深的概念。分析表明,临界坑深随着信息符横向尺寸的变小而变小,这将导致衍射波光强变化的减小,从而限制了光盘的存储密度。本文还分析了检测平面波的偏振态对衍射波强度的影响     

高斯光束下的圆屏衍射

计算分析了用高斯光束作光源时，圆屏衍射轴线上的光强分布规律，并与球面波入射的情况进行了对比．     

The influence of the electrode diameter on the diffraction effects in the ultrasonic field generated by an oscillating piezoelectric disk

The problem of ultrasound radiation by a finite-size source is considered. A boundary-value problem is formulated and solved for ultrasonic waves generated by an oscillating piezoelectric disk fixed along its edge and characterized by an eigenfrequency spectrum and a corresponding oscillation amplitude distribution. The influence of the size of electrodes on the diffraction effects arising in the ultrasonic field of the piezoelectric disk is theoretically investigated.     

光盘信息符特征宽度的确定

光盘信息符的横向尺寸决定了光存储系统的存储面密度。采用二维正方形光栅作为光盘模型,通过三维矢量衍射理论的数值仿真,计算了信息符横向尺寸对读出信号调制度的影响,确定了最佳调制度对应的最佳坑宽。并与标量衍射理论的定性分析进行了对比。根据标量衍射理论,最佳调制度应出现在信息符面积为读出光斑面积一半时对应的信息符尺寸附近,且小于该尺寸;信息符的最佳坑宽,即信息符特征宽度取决于所用的光学系统;矢量衍射理论的定量计算结果符合标量衍射理论的分析,并更接近实际情况;标量衍射理论概念简单,适于定性分析,定量计算则存在较大的误差。     

大孔径会聚光束的圆孔和圆屏衍射及其反演变换

实验中发现,经常使用的大孔径会聚光束的圆孔和圆屏衍射图样不同于一般的菲涅耳圆孔和圆屏衍射图样.通过对这种光束进行的实验性研究发现,这是一种由球差引起的畸变了的会聚球面波光束.解释了衍射图样的形成,证明了这种光束的衍射图样中存在反演变换关系.利用这种光束可以对微小的衍射物体进行反演放大.     

High surface plasmon resonance sensitivity enabled by optical disks

We report a systematic, experimental, and theoretical investigation on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing using optical disks with different track pitches, including Blu-ray disk (BD), digital versatile disk (DVD), and compact disk (CD). Optical reflection measurements indicate that CD and DVD exhibit much higher SPR sensitivity than BD. Both experiments and finite-difference time-domain simulations reveal that the SPR sensitivity is significantly affected by the diffraction order of the SPR peaks and higher diffraction order results in lower sensitivity. Numerical simulations also show that very high sensitivity (～1600 nm per refractive index unit) is achievable by CDs.     

光盘信息符散斑图的统计特性研究

提出了一种用激光散斑测量光盘信息符统计特性的方法.利用散斑统计理论中衍射散斑场的平均对比度与散射屏表面粗糙度近似成线性关系,把光盘等效为弱散射屏,对未刻录、刻录及存在缺陷的CD-R光盘不同区域形成的衍射散斑图进行了对比研究.实验结果表明,该方法具有可量化、全场测量的优点,能够表征光盘信息符的某些统计特性,这为测量光盘刻录质量提供了一种新的方法和途径.     

Effects of mask-alignment error on point spread function for multi-level Fresnel diffractive lenses

The full aperture complex amplitude transmittance function of a multi-level diffraction lens with maskalignment errors was derived based on scalar diffraction theory. The point spread function(PSF) was calculated by the Kirchhoff diffraction integral. It is found that the radius of the Airy disk increases with the increase of the error in the direction of misalignment, and the image center shifts along the direction of misalignment. A fourlevel diffractive lens with a diameter of 80 mm was fabricated, and its PSF and diffraction efficiency of +1 st order were calculated and measured. The distribution of PSF is consistent with the calculated results, and the tested diffraction efficiency is slightly smaller than the calculated value; the relative error is 5.71%.     

Higher-order acoustic diffraction by edges of finite thickness

A cw solution of acoustic diffraction by a three-sided semi-infinite barrier or a double edge, where the width of the midplanar segment is finite and cannot be ignored, involving all orders of diffraction is presented. The solution is an extension of the asymptotic formulas for the double-edge second-order diffraction via amplitude and phase matching given by Pierce [A. D. Pierce, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 55, 943-955 (1974)]. The model accounts for all orders of diffraction and is valid for all kw, where k is the acoustic wave number and w is the width of the midplanar segment and reduces to the solution of diffraction by a single knife edge as w-->0. The theory is incorporated into the deformed edge solution [Stanton et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 122, 3167 (2007)] to model the diffraction by a disk of finite thickness, and is compared with laboratory experiments of backscattering by elastic disks of various thicknesses and by a hard strip. It is shown that the model describes the edge diffraction reasonably well in predicting the diffraction as a function of scattering angle, edge thickness, and frequency.     

Diffraction by extremely small holes in thin absorbing and transparent screens and by disks

The generalization of Bethe-Bouwkamp diffraction theory for the case of diffraction by the hole in absorbing and transparent thin screens and by the disks is proposed. Duality transformation of Bethe-Bouwkamp solution is implemented. The approximate analytical expressions are found for the near electromagnetic diffraction field for extremely small hole or disk.     

Acoustic diffraction by deformed edges of finite length: theory and experiment

The acoustic diffraction by deformed edges of finite length is described analytically and in the frequency domain through use of an approximate line-integral formulation. The formulation is based on the diffraction per unit length of an infinitely long straight edge, which inherently limits the accuracy of the approach. The line integral is written in terms of the diffraction by a generalized edge, in that the "edge" can be a single edge or multiple closely spaced edges. Predictions based on an exact solution to the impenetrable infinite knife edge are used to estimate diffraction by the edge of a thin disk and compared with calculations based on the T-matrix approach. Predictions are then made for the more complex geometry involving an impenetrable thick disk. These latter predictions are based on an approximate formula for double-edge diffraction [Chu et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 122, 3177 (2007)] and are compared with laboratory data involving individual elastic (aluminum) disks spanning a range of diameters and submerged in water. The results of this study show this approximate line-integral approach to be versatile and applicable over a range of conditions.     

Bounds on slope of diffraction peak and zeros of absorptive differential cross sections

Bounds on the slope and curvature of the absorptive differential cross section are derived. It is found that the bounds can be improved if the cross section is free from zeros inside a disk. A sufficient condition for scaling of the diffraction peak is also derived.     

对实屏的夫琅禾费衍射中心亮点(亮纹)的半定性半定量论证

光经圆盘、细丝等实屏衍射后,衍射光场中其几何阴影中心有不为零的光强分布.显然这是阐述光的波动性的最好例证,它比圆孔、单缝之类的光孔衍射更具说服力.然而对圆盘等的衍射中心亮点(如泊松点)的论证通常都是从菲涅耳衍射出发,但是在绝大多数非物理类专业的大学物理中,对光的衍射的具体分析都只涉及夫琅禾费衍射,因而给学生对于上述问题...     

高密度光盘径向倾斜对DPD循轨误差信号影响分析

根据高密度光盘参数 ,计算了聚焦光斑在光盘表面扫描过程中每个位置的光瞳光强分布 ,得到DPD(Differ entialPhaseDetection)循轨误差信号。考虑盘片的径向倾斜 ,在光瞳光强分布方程中引入盘片的径向倾斜角度参数 ,计算了高密度盘片产生径向倾斜时DPD循轨误差信号的变化 ,进而分析了盘片的径向倾斜引入的循轨伺服误差及其对循轨伺服的负面影响。结果表明 ,高密度盘片产生 0 .5°的径向倾斜相当于引入了 0 .0 12 μm的循轨误差     

圆屏(球)和圆环菲涅耳衍射的解析表达式

在标量衍射理论的基础上，给出了圆屏（球）和圆环菲涅耳衍射的振幅及光强解极表达式。计算了光强分布曲线，并将计算实例和有关资料中的实验与计算结果进行了比较。同时指出所谓无衍射光束实际上是一种菲涅耳衍射现象。     

Interference and diffraction effects in folding mirror schlieren diffraction interferometer

Experimental investigations on interference and diffraction phenomenon occurring in a folding mirror schlieren diffraction interferometer have been presented. It is shown that the well-known Lloyd mirror interferometer can easily be converted into a folding mirror schlieren diffraction interferometer. Various intermediate stages occur as the basic two-beam interference pattern in Lloyd mirror interferometer is transformed into a schlieren diffraction pattern. Study of these intermediate stages gives a good insight in understanding the transition behaviour between the fundamental phenomenon of interference and diffraction taking place as the mirror-edge approaches the Airy disk.     

大孔径角会聚光束的圆孔和圆屏衍射

实验发现大孔径角会聚光束的圆孔和圆屏衍射图样不同于一般的圆孔和圆屏衍射图样，本文总结了大孔径角会聚光束的圆孔和圆屏衍射的特点，用简单的几何光学方法给出了定性的解释．     

Physical Optics Simulation in Matlab for High-Performance Systems

Two advanced optical system applications are implemented in a Matlab™ based simulation engine. The applications are aligning a micro-optic fiber coupler and scanning an optical disk with a readout system having an effective numerical aperture of 1.8. Many phenomena, like scalar diffraction, vector diffraction, addition of aberrations, thin-film interactions, and Babinet decomposition are described in the examples. A powerful graphical user interface (GUI) is also described that allows users to define optical elements, program operations and control program flow. Users can also easily interface custom field operations to the simulation engine.