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SnO2纳米粒子的制备与表征 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
The SnO2 nano-particles with rutile structure were prepared by a Water/Oil (W/O) microemulsion system, composed of Triton X-100 1-hexanol/Cyclohexane/Water. The particles were also compared with that synthesized by citric acid method. The powders were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and infrared spectroscopy (IR). The result showed that the SnO2 particles prepared by microemulsion had fine shape and narrow range of particle size distribution. The crystallite size calcined at 600℃ was 11.49 nm,while the crystallite size prepared by citric acid method was about 17.4 nm. 相似文献
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系统地研究了以SnCl4·5H2O为原料,以Na2SO4为矿化剂,采用水热法在较低温度下和较短的反应时间内制备结晶良好并均匀分散的SnO2纳米晶。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、红外光谱(IR)等技术对水热反应的晶化过程进行了分析。结果表明:在Na2SO4存在的情况下,在120 ℃反应4 h 即可制备得到晶粒细小,分散性能良好的SnO2纳米晶。XRD衍射峰峰宽随水热温度的升高或反应时间的延长而变窄,结晶性提高。TEM结果表明产物颗粒小、分散性能良好。水热反应温度和反应时间对产物结晶度和粒径有明显的影响。对Na2SO4在反应过程中的作用机理进行了分析。 相似文献
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Dy改性SnO2 / Sb电催化电极的制备及表征 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
为改进钛基SnO2/Sb电极的电催化性能,采用高温热氧化法制备了稀土Dy改性钛基SnO2/Sb电极。以苯酚为目标有机物,考察了所制备电极的电催化活性,并采用SEM、EDS、XRD等分析方法表征了电极的形貌、组成及结构。对制备温度和Dy添加量进行了详细的实验研究,确定了适宜的制备条件为热处理温度650℃、Dy添加量1%左右。研究表明,结晶良好的掺杂SnO2晶粒有助于苯酚的快速彻底分解。Dy掺杂后,半径较大的Dy^3 可能取代半径较小的Sn^4 ,导致SnO2晶胞膨胀。引入Dy可提高SnO2晶粒的形核与长大速率之比,使SnO2的平均粒径变小,有利于电极催化性能的改善。但同时Dy掺杂使杂质原子Sb、Dy在电极表层富集,高含量的Dy会降低电极的性能。 相似文献
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纳米复合氧化物CuO·SnO2的制备与结构表征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
0引言由于纳米材料在热学、电学、磁学、光学等方面具有的独特性能,使其在新功能材料、催化、光电能转换等许多领域引起了人们浓厚的研究兴趣[1]。近年来,纳米催化剂对固体推进剂的燃烧性能影响研究已成为热点[2~9]。但是由于固体推进剂燃烧的特殊性,要求不仅提高燃速,而且降低压力指数,因此并非所有的纳米催化剂都是有效的。大量实践已证明[10],多种催化剂的复合使用,将可获得远远优于单一催化剂的效果。研究已发现[11],纳米复合氧化物是由多种元素复合而成,使其在结构和性能上得到互补和叠加,加上纳米粒子所具有的各种效应,从而产生独特… 相似文献
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在柠檬酸的调控下,采用水热法合成SnO_2纳米棒。利用高分辨透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、Brunauer-Emmett-Teller氮吸附、紫外可见漫反射光谱和光致发光光谱研究了SnO_2样品在生长过程中的结构特征。结果表明,SnO_2纳米晶体的生长可进一步分为2个阶段:早期SnO_2纳米晶遵循定向附着模式生长,而后期采取Ostwald熟化模式沿[001]方向缓慢生长。SnO_2纳米粒子在不同阶段的光致发光性能和光催化活性显示:在晶体的生长过程中,这2种性能变化趋势几乎相似,即生长前期性能迅速增加,随后性能逐渐降低。 相似文献
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在电场的作用下对石墨棒进行电化学剥离, 使其表面形成相互平行排列, 且垂直于石墨棒基底的二维(2D)石墨纳米片阵列(GNSA). 然后通过阴极还原电沉积法制备SnO2/石墨纳米片阵列(SnO2/GNSA)复合电极.采用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱对其形貌和结构进行了表征.电化学测试表明该复合电极具有优异的超电容性能, 在0.5 mol·L-1 LiNO3电解质中, 扫描速率为5 mV·s-1, 电位窗口为1.4 V时, 比电容达4015 F·m-2. 由SnO2/GNSA复合电极和相同电解质组装成的对称型超级电容器, 在扫描速率为5 mV·s-1时, 其电位窗口可增至1.8 V, 能量密度达到0.41 Wh·m-2, 循环5000 圈后其比电容仍保持为初始比电容的81%. 相似文献
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氧化镓纳米带的合成和发光性质研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用化学气相沉积法,以碳纳米管作还原剂还原Ga2O3粉末,生成的气态Ga2O和载气Ar中的微量O2反应,在多孔氧化铝模板上沉积得到了Ga2O3纳米带。用扫描电子显微镜,透射电子显微镜和选区电子衍射对产物的结构和形态进行表征,发现产物为β-Ga2O3纳米带,宽度在20~500 nm之间,厚度为5~100 nm,长度可达几十微米。产物中还有几微米宽的Ga2O3纳米片。光致发光谱结果表明β-Ga2O3纳米带能发射蓝光和紫外光。文中还简单推测了β-Ga2O3纳米带的形成机理。 相似文献
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碳纳米管/SnO2复合电极的制备及其电催化性能研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用液相沉积法制备碳纳米管(CNTs)/SnO2复合材料, 并制备成电极, 分别与石墨/SnO2及活性炭/SnO2复合电极比较, 考察电催化降解有机废水的性能. 由于CNTs高的比表面积及优良的导电性能, 结合SnO2良好的催化活性, CNTs/SnO2复合电极电催化降解有机废水性能优越. 研究发现, CNTs的预处理情况、SnO2负载量以及煅烧温度对复合电极的电催化性能有重要影响. 当功能化CNTs负载40% SnO2, 煅烧温度600 ℃时, 所得CNTs/SnO2复合电极电催化降解有机废水的能力是纯CNTs电极的2倍. 最后, 初步探讨了CNTs/SnO2复合电极电催化降解有机废水的机理. 相似文献
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Growth Mechanism and Characterization of Single-crystalline Ga-doped SnO2 Nanowires and Self-organized SnO2/Ga2O3 Heterogeneous Microcomb Structures 下载免费PDF全文
Single-crystalline Ga-doped SnO2 nanowires and SnO2:Ga2O3 heterogeneous microcombs were synthesized by a simple one-step thermal evaporation and condensation method. They were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected-area electron diffraction (SAED). FE-SEM images showed that the products consisted of nanowires and microcombs that represent a novel morphology. XRD, SAED and EDS indicated that they were single-crystalline tetragonal SnO2. The influence of experimental conditions on the morphologies of the products is discussed. The morphology of the product showed a ribbon-like stem and nanoribbon array aligned evenly along one or both side of the nanoribbon. It was found that many Ga2O3 nanoparticles deposited on the surface of the microcombs. The major core nanoribbon grew mainly along the 110 direction and the self-organized branching nanoribbons grew epitaxially along 1110 or 1110 orientation from the (110) plane of the stem. A growth process was proposed for interpreting the growth of these remarkable SnO2:Ga2O3 heterogeneous microcombs. Due to the heavy doping of Ga, the emission peak in photoluminescence spectra has red-shifted as well as broadened significantly. 相似文献
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从不同氧化态锡盐水热合成法制备纳米SnO2粉体 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Nanocrystalline SnO2 were prepared by a novel gel hydrothermal route from alcoholic solutions of tin(Ⅱ) and tin(Ⅳ) salts. X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy showed that the resulting oxides were both in the form of powders having crystallites of about 5 nm in diameter. The formation procedures of the two precursors and the gas-sensing properties of the two SnO2 nanocrystals were compared. 相似文献
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