火炮身管横向振动分析

确定身管的固有频率与振型是研究火炮振动最基本的问题。本文研究了身管在射击平面内横向固有振动的解析解,导出身管的各阶固有频率与固有振型的通用修正计算公式,与建立有限元模型相比,用此式估算身管固有特性简便快捷,实例表明该式也具有较高的计算精度。     

分布轴向力作用下隔水管横向自由振动分析

隔水管固有频率的精确计算对保证隔水管的安全使用和防止共振的发生有着极为重要的意义.在分析中,考虑了分布轴向力和顶张力的共同作用,建立了隔水管横向振动力学模型;基于牛顿定律和纵横弯曲梁理论,对微单元受力分析,得到隔水管横向自由振动的四阶偏微分方程;利用分离变量法将四阶偏微分方程简化为四阶变系数常微分方程;采用积分法求解四阶变系数常微分方程,得到隔水管横向自由振动固有频率的解析解.结果表明:(1)分布轴向力作用下隔水管横向自由振动的固有频率和振型,与将分布轴向力简化为集中力作用下隔水管的固有频率和振型有很大差别;(2)顶张力一定时,随着分布轴向力减小,隔水管固有频率增大;分布轴向力一定时,随着顶张力增大,隔水管固有频率增大;(3)采用积分法求解隔水管横向振动特性时,计算精度高,为隔水管的优化设计提供了可靠的理论依据.     

一类桥梁横向水平振动固有频率的计算方法

提出计算上承式铁路桥梁横向水平振动固有频率的新方法，考虑了平联布置、主梁尺寸等多种因素的影响．与有限元分析得到频率值的比较表明，该方法简单可靠．     

超临界轴向运动梁横向非线性振动频域分析

数值方法研究超临界速度下轴向运动梁横向非线性振动前两阶固有频率.通过对非平凡平衡位形做坐标变换,建立超临界轴向运动梁的标准控制方程,一个积分-偏微分非线性方程.利用有限差分法数值离散梁两端简支边界下控制方程,计算轴向运动梁中点的横向振动位移,并将计算结果作为时间序列,运用离散傅立叶变换得到超临界轴向运动梁横向振动的频率.通过数值算例,讨论了系统参数对前两阶固有频率在超临界范围随轴向速度变化的影响.     

计算梁横向振动固有频率的功能互等法

利用功的互等定理，通过设定适当形式的振型函数，求解常见约束下梁横向振动的固有频率，算例表明该法十分有效     

民机翼型跨音速风洞颤振模型的模态分析

民用飞机在跨音速区的颤振特性是其设计的关键限制之一,与飞机的安全性息息相关．跨音速颤振的计算会遇到激波、流动分离等高度非线性的气动问题,因此在计算跨音速颤振问题时往往把注意力放在气动力的计算精度上．但是,如果模态分析的计算精度不够,同样无法获得可靠的颤振计算结果．本文采用HyperMesh软件进行有限元建模,主要结构件均保留了原始结构的几何信息,通过设置材料密度模拟结构的质量分布．由NASTRAN软件的Lanczos求解器完成模态分析并给出主要关注的四阶模态,经过简单的有限元模型修正,使四阶模态的计算频率与试验频率一致,计算和试验的固有振型一致,为后续的跨音速颤振分析打下基础．     

轴向运动弦线横向振动的频域分析

轴向运动弦线是多种工程系统的模型。为明确轴向运动横向振动的频域特性，及探索频域方法的应用特点．本文用频域方法分析轴向运动弦线的横向振动。基于轴向运动弦线横向振动方程和边界条件．通过Laplace变换导出频率域中的控制方程，并将该控制方程和边界条件用状态变量表示。由状态空间中的控制方程导出特征方程，从而求出固有频率。由轴向运动弦线的矩阵函数计算得到系统的传递函数，然后用留数定理计算传递函数的Laplace逆变换．这样就可以得到时域响应。最后分析了轴向运动弦线的横向共振，若简谐外激励的频率与系统固有频率相同，系统响应将随时间无限增加。     

基于非局部弹性理论的纳米板横向振动

本文利用非局部弹性理论研究了单层石墨烯的纳米板的横向自由振动响应．通过迭代法推导了非局部应力表达,进一步通过哈密顿原理推导了纳米板的控制方程,应用纳维解法得到四边简支纳米板振动固有频率的数值解,并将本文研究结果与已有文献结果进行对比,进一步讨论了小尺寸效应,以及纳米板的三维尺寸和半波数对振动频率的影响．结果表明：非局部效应的存在使得纳米板的等效刚度和固有频率降低;半波数的增加则使得纳米板的固有频率提高．相关分析结果对基于二维纳米材料的新设备的设计和优化具有重要意义．     

某型航空发动机销钉式叶片固有振动频率的有限元计算

为利用有限元方法计算某型航空发动机低压压气机销钉式转子叶片的固有振动频率,以柔度矩阵法的计算结果为参考,通过约束销钉-销孔接触面上部分节点的自由度,将非线性的接触问题转化成线性问题,满足了有限元法的使用条件。最后,建立了约束自由度的节点面积与销钉-销孔接触面积之间的关系,为利用有限元方法解决类似问题打下了基础。     

预应力混凝土箱梁横向框架效应有限元分析

以预应力混凝土箱梁桥顶板纵向开裂为工程背景,以箱梁顶板与腹板交接处两个角点的转角为基本未知量,基于箱梁纵向一维单元,利用最小势能原理推导出箱梁横向框架效应有限单元法的单元刚度矩阵,及相应的单元等效节点力,对比计算表明,该有限单元法计算精度与理论分析基本一致。实桥分析表明：现行规范计算箱梁角点弯矩相对安全,对于中点弯矩相对偏于不安全,设计过程不充分考虑混凝土箱梁横向框架效应可能导致顶板的纵向开裂。本文提出的有限单元法具有概念简单、运算速度快等优点,弥补了目前商业程序的不足,对工程设计具有一定的参考意义和推广价值。     

A smeared / layered reinforced concrete model for finite element analysis

A new reinforced concrete model, in which the reinforcement steel is assumed as smeared / layered in concrete, is established and installed into a currently used finite element code for nonlinear analysis. It performs the nonlinear behaviors of both concrete and the reinforcement steel. The results of examples are in good agreement with the experimental data.     

A precise singular finite element for crack analysis

The multi-variable finite element algorithm based on the generalized Galerkin’smethod is more flexible to establish a finite element model in the continuum mechanies.Byusing this algorithm and numerical tests a new singular finite element for elasto-plasticfracture analysis has been formulated.The results of numerical tests show that the newelement possesses high accuracy and good performance.Some rules for formulating amulti-variable singular finite element are also discussed in this paper.     

一类有限元结构分析的EBE计算方法

本文利用ＥＢＥ策略￣［１］的基本思想，给出一类有限元结构分析的ＥＢＥ计算方法，即ＥＢＥ共轭梯度法ＥＢＥ－ＣＧ和ＥＢＥ预处理共轭梯度法ＥＢＥ－ＰＣＧ，这类方法避免了传统有限元结构分析中总刚度阵的组集而可大大降低存储量要求。同时它们还特别适合在各种粒度下的多处理机系统上实现。初步数值试验结果表明：这类ＥＢＥ有限元结构分析方法对串行和并行计算都是很有效的。     

Plotting isoclinics for hybrid photoelasticity and finite element analysis

Displacement-based finite element method formulations are coupled with stress-based photoelasticity analysis. As the stress field is discontinuous at the interelement boundaries, the introduced smoothing procedure enables the generation of high-quality digital images acceptable for hybird experimental-numerical techniques. The proposed methods are applicable for the analysis of static and dynamic results of experimental photoelasticity.     

Effect of the order of the finite element and selection of the constrained modes in deformable body dynamics

Finite elements with different orders can be used in the analysis of constrained deformable bodies that undergo large rigid body displacements. The constrained mode shapes resulting from the use of finite elements with different orders differ in the way the stiffness of the body bending and extension are defined. The constrained modes also depend on the selection of the boundary conditions. Using the same type of finite element, different sets of boundary conditions lead to different sets of constrained modes. In this investigation, the effect of the order of the element as well as the selection of the constrained mode shapes is examined numerically. To this end, the constant strain three node triangular element and the quadratic six node triangular element are used. The results obtained using the three node triangular element are compared with the higher order six node triangular element. The equations of motion for the three and six node triangular elements are formulated from assumed linear and quadratic displacement fields, respectively. Both assumed displacement fields can describe large rigid body translational and rotational displacements. Consequently, the dynamic formulation presented in this investigation can also be used in the large deformation analysis. Using the finite element displacement field, the mass, stiffness, and inertia invariants of the three and six-node triangular elements are formulated. Standard finite element assembly techniques are used to formulate the differential equations of motion for mechanical systems consisting of interconnected deformable bodies. Using a multibody four bar mechanism, numerical results of the different elements and their respective performance are presented. These results indicate that the three node triangular element does not perform well in bending modes of deformation.     

一个简洁有效的带旋转自由度的平面三角形单元

从原始的Allman单元[1]出发,构造出一个简洁有效的带有旋转自由度的平面三角形单元。该单元基本保持了Allman单元的精度,同时消除了多余的零能模式,而且使转动自由度等同于连续介质力学中关于旋转分量的定义,并对旋转自由度自身的正确性进行了考核。     

金属板料成形的快速有限元分析

研究了基于形变理论的金属板形成快速有限元分析的方法－反向方法,并实现了计算程序。通过实例的计算结果和实验以及增量方法进行了比较,表明此方法能够定性地分析成形工件中的变形情况。由于计算速度快、建立分析模模型简单,此方法可用于设计早期估计零件的可成形性,以及部分工艺参数对形的影响。     

A triangular quasi-conforming finite element for transient dynamic analysis

A type of 3 node triangular element is constructed by the Quasi-conforming method, which may be used to solve the equation of a type of inverse problem of wave propagation after Laplace transformation Δu−A ² u=0. The strains in the element are approximated by an exponential function and the string-net function between neighbouring elements is approximated by one dimensional general solution of the equation. Furthermore the strain field satisfies the equation, and therefore in the derivation of the element formulation, no shape function is needed. In this sense, it is a kind of hybrid element. Compared with the ordinary linear triangular element, the new one features higher precision with coarse meshes. Some numerical tests are presented. The project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Plastic limit analysis of incompatible finite element method

This paper describes an incompatible finite element model satisfying the consistencycondition of energy to solve the numerical precision problem of finite element solution inperfectly plastic analysis.In this paper the reason and criterion of the application of themodel to plastic limit analysis are discussed,and an algorithm of computing plastic limitload is given.     

齿轮精密锻造三维有限元分析

开发了齿轮精密锻造三维有限元分析软件系统 ,采用三维弹塑性大变形有限元分析方法 ,分析了精密锻造过程的力学响应 ,获得上模、精锻齿轮和下模应力与变形的详尽信息。