滇桂艾纳香多糖BRP的结构解析

以滇桂艾纳香为原料, 经热水抽提、Sevag法除蛋白、醇沉、DEAE-纤维素柱层析、Sephadex G-200、Sepharose 6 F.F.凝胶色谱纯化得到纯品BRP|经HPGPC检测分析表明, BRP为均一多糖, 分子量为3.3×10⁴ Da|用UV、IR、HPLC、HPGPC、GC-MS、甲基化、NMR (¹H NMR、¹³C NMR、HMQC、HMBC)等方法对BRP结构进行表征, 结果表明, BRP仅由呋喃果糖残基组成, 以→2)Fruf (1→ (或→1)Fruf (→2)方式链接, 推导其结构式为: β-D-Fruf-{2[→1)- β-D-Fruf(2→]_n-1}-β-D-Fruf .     

干苔多糖的分离纯化及抗肿瘤活性研究

干苔经冷水，热水，热酸水三步提取多糖。配位吸附动力学研究表明，与钙型，铝型树脂相比，铜型树脂对干苔多糖吸附最快，吸附量最多。pH值配位沉淀反应研究进一步显示干苔多糖与Cu^2 的沉淀能力比Al^3 好。采用三种pH值铜盐络合沉淀，得到初步提纯五种多糖（冷提糖Ⅰ，热提糖Ⅱ、Ⅲ酸糖Ⅳ、Ⅴ），用离子交换（静态，动态）法除去铜离子，得到纯度为98．4％的干苔多糖，回收率达97．8％。离子条件下，几种多糖在对人胰腺癌SW1990细胞的无血清培养中，热提糖Ⅲ表现出较好的抑制活性。该多糖还与固定化藻蓝蛋白表现出一定协同抑制肿瘤细胞生长的作用。红外光谱分析证明热水抽提多糖Ⅲ是一种酸性多糖。     

玉米芯酸提水溶性多糖CCCP的分离纯化和结构研究

玉米芯用PH=3的HCl煮提得到酸提水溶性粗多糖．该粗多糖组成为Glc，Xyl，Gal，经乙醇分级和Sepharose CL-6B柱层析纯化，得到多糖CCCP．经Sephadex A-25柱层析、比旋光度测定、醋酸纤维薄膜电泳等方法鉴定CCCP为均一多糖．经唾液淀粉酶解、纤维素酶解、部分酸水解、高碘酸氧化、Smith降解、甲基化分析及IR，GC和GC／MS等方法分析表明：CCCP为少分枝结构；主链由吡喃型(1→3)Xyl构成，在O(4)处有分枝；支链主要由(1→4)Glc构成，在O(6)处有分枝，支链还存在1→3，1→6键型连接的Glc，Gal；末端基为Xyl，Glc，Gal．     

玉米芯水溶性多糖的分离纯化和抗凝血活性研究

从玉米芯中提取到水提水溶性粗多糖,通过乙醇分级、冻融、凝胶过滤层析,生物测定导向等手段,分离到一种能延长体外凝血时间,而且具有外源抗凝血功能的多糖CCⅢ.CCⅢ对活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)无显著影响,但可显著延长体外抗凝血时间(PT).将CCⅢ纯化,经糖组成分析、甲基化、高碘酸氧化、Smith降解和GC-MS分析,确定该多糖结构为:β-(1→4)Glc,(1→3)Xyl构成主链,Glc在6-O处有分枝.平均每10个糖残基有1个分枝,支链由β-(1→3)Xyl,(1→3)Glc构成.     

普鲁兰多糖的分离纯化及结构鉴定

采用Ｓａｖａｇｅ法，ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素离子交换层析法及Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ－１００凝胶过滤法提纯普鲁兰多糖。纯化的普鲁兰多糖的结构经过薄层层析，红外光谱及核磁共振光谱加以鉴定。     

柘树根多糖的分离纯化及结构表征

以柘树[Cudrania tricuspidata(Carr.) Bur.]的根为材料, 经热水抽提、木瓜蛋白酶-Sevag法除蛋白、乙醇沉淀和DEAE-Sephadex A-50凝胶柱层析分离纯化, 得到一种水溶性的柘树根多糖(CPS-0). 采用HPLC、糖基组成分析、甲基化分析、GC、GC-MS、NMR(1H NMR, 13C NMR及HMQC)、元素分析、UV和IR等技术对CPS-0的纯度、性质、组成和结构进行表征. 结果表明, CPS-0仅含葡萄糖, 分子量为4.6×103, 主链由1,4-连接的α-D-葡萄糖残基组成, 其侧链由末端及1,4-连接的葡萄糖残基构成, 取代于主链分支点葡萄糖的6位, 平均每10个葡萄糖残基组成的重复单元中含有1个分支.     

新疆药桑叶多糖的分离纯化及结构研究

研究了新疆药桑叶多糖的分离纯化及初步的结构分析。采用DEAE-Cellulose-52及Sephadex G-200分离纯化药桑叶多糖,采用聚酰胺薄层层析及GC法测定药桑叶多糖的组成,凝胶过滤法测定其相对分子质量,红外光谱测定其苷键类型。粗多糖经DEAE-52分离得到6个多糖级分W1、W2、N1、N2、N3和N4,其中的4个级分W1、N1、N2和N4经Sephadex G-200纯化后,各个级分的洗脱峰均为单一对称峰。聚酰胺薄层法及GC法确定药桑叶多糖由葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖及木糖等单糖组成。测得W1、N1、N2和N4的分子量分别为71 331Da,60 049Da,35 825Da和21 374Da。红外光谱中有典型的多糖吸收峰及α-型糖苷键。     

虎舌红多糖的分离纯化与性质研究

采用水提醇沉法提取虎舌红多糖,经DEAE-C32柱层析分离,Sephadex G-200进一步纯化,得到AⅠ和AⅡ二种虎舌红多糖,Sephadex G-200凝胶过滤法表明,AⅠ组分为均一组分,其相对分子质量为2.76×104,借助气相色谱技术,研究了粗多糖和AⅠ组分的单糖组成.     

新的滇桂艾纳香寡糖BROS结构分析

以滇桂艾纳香枝叶为原料,经陶瓷膜、有机膜分离,醇沉、Sevag法除蛋白,DEAE-纤维素柱层析和SephadexG- 10,SephadexG-50凝胶柱色谱纯化得到的BROS;经HPGPC检测分析表明,BROS为均一寡糖,MALDI-TOF-MS测定分子量为1314.用IR,HPLC,甲基化分析,GC-MS,NMR (1H NMR,13C NMR,1H)HCOSY,HMQC和HMBC)等方法对BROS结构进行表征,结果表明,该寡糖由1个葡萄糖(α-D-Glcp)和7个果糖(β-D-Fru组成,残基间以→2)Fruf-(1→链接,分子末端链接为a-Glcp-(1→,→2)-β-D-Fruf推出BROS的结构式为:β-D-Fruf1-(2→1)-β-D-Fruf2-(2→1)-β-D-Fruf3-(2→ 1)-β-D-Fruf4-(2→1)-β -D-Fruf5-(2→1)-β-D-Fruf6-(2→ 1)-β-D-Fruf7-(2→ 1)-a-D-Glcp.     

苦瓜素的分离纯化与抗肿瘤活性的研究

本文报道了α－苦瓜素和β苦瓜素分离纯化的工艺改进,测定了两种苦瓜素的理化性质。实验证明,两种苦瓜素对小鼠Ｓ－１８０实体瘤均具有显著的抑制作用,抑瘤率分别为７１．２％和６８．６％;两种苦瓜素对人胃癌ＮＫＭ细胞株的ＤＮＡ,ＲＮＡ和蛋白质的合成亦均具有明显的抑制作用。     

北苍术和茅苍术挥发油成分的比较

采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析了北苍术和茅苍术的挥发油成分,分别鉴定出47和50种化学成分,并测定了其相对含量。 采用色谱指纹图谱八强峰法和分区法,根据色谱峰的保留时间把总离子流色谱图分为5个区,比较了北苍术和茅苍术的挥发油成分。 结果表明,在总离子流色谱图Ⅳ和Ⅴ区中,从北苍术和茅苍术中均检出苍术的主要药效成分β-桉叶油醇、苍术酮和苍术素,且相对含量较高。 这表明《中国药典》将北苍术、茅苍术统称为苍术具有一定的科学性。     

A Comparison Study on Polysaccharides Extracted from Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz. Using Different Methods: Structural Characterization and Anti-SGC-7901 Effect of Combination with Apatinib

For hundreds of years, Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz. (AK) has been widely used as a treatment for spleen and stomach diseases in China. The AK polysaccharides (AKPs) have been thought to be the important bioactive components. In this stud, the impacts of different extraction methods were analyzed. The differences between AKPs extracted by hot water extraction (HWE), AKPs extracted by ultrasonic extraction (UAE), and AKPs extracted by enzyme extraction (EAE) were compared in terms of yield, total carbohydrate content, molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide composition, and synergistic activity of the AKPs with apatinib were determined. The results indicated that the yield of the polysaccharide obtained from HWE was higher than that of UAE and EAE. However, activity assays indicated that UAE-AKPs and HWE-AKPs enhanced apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901) treated with apatinib and UAE-AKPs showed the strongest synergistic activities. This is also in agreement with the fact that UAE-AKPs have a smaller molecular weight, β-configuration, and higher galactose content. These findings suggested that UAE is an efficient and environmentally friendly method for producing new polysaccharides from Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz. for the development of natural synergist and for the treatment of gastric cancer.     

Urolithin M5 from the Leaves of Canarium album (Lour.) DC. Inhibits Influenza Virus by Targeting Neuraminidase

Ganlanye (GLY), the leaf of Canarium album (Lour.) DC., is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb for warm disease treatment. We found that its aqueous extract could inhibit the influenza A virus. To find and characterize anti-influenza virus phytochemicals from GLY, we performed (1) bioassay-guided isolation, (2) a cell and animal assay, and (3) a mechanism study. Bioassay-guided isolation was used to identify the effective components. Influenza virus-infected MDCK cell and BALB/c mouse models were employed to evaluate the anti-influenza virus activities. A MUNANA assay was performed to find the NA inhibitory effect. As a result, urolithin M5 was obtained from the crude extract of GLY. It inhibited influenza virus activities in vitro and in vivo by suppressing the viral NA activity. In the MDCK cell model, urolithin M5 could inhibit an oseltamivir-resistant strain. In a PR8-infected mouse model, 200 mg/kg/d urolithin M5 protected 50% of mice from death and improved lung edema conditions. GLY was recorded as a major traditional herb for warm disease treatment. Our study identified GLY as a potent anti-influenza herb and showed urolithin M5 as the active component. We first report the in vivo activity of urolithin M5 and support the anti-influenza application of GLY.     

Isolation,Characterization and Anticancer Activity of Two Bioactive Compounds from Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) Schott

Medicinal plants play important role in the public health sector worldwide. Natural products from medicinal plants are sources of unlimited opportunities for new drug leads because of their unique chemical diversity. Researchers have focused on exploring herbal products as potential sources for the treatment of cancer, cardiac and infectious diseases. Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) is an important medicinal plant found in the northwest Himalayan regions of Pakistan. It is a poisonous plant and is used as a remedy against snake bites and scorpion stings. In this study, two bioactive compounds were isolated from Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) and their anticancer activity was evaluated against human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 using an MTT assay. The crude extract of Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) was subjected to fractionation using different organic solvents in increasing order of polarity. The fraction indicating maximum activity was then taken for isolation of bioactive compounds using various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques such as column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Crude extract of Arisaema flavum (Forssk.), as well as various fractions extracted in different solvents such as n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate, were tested against human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 using an MTT assay. The crude extract exhibited significant dose-dependent anticancer activity with a maximum activity of 78.6% at 500 µg/mL concentration. Two compounds, hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester with molecular formula C₁₈H₃₆O₇ and molar mass 284 and 5-Oxo-19 propyl-docosanoic acid methyl ester with molecular formula C₂₆H₅₀O₃ and molecular mass 410, were isolated from chloroform fraction. These compounds were tested against the MCF-7cell line for cytotoxic activity and exhibited a significant (p < 0.00l) decrease in cell numbers for MCF-7 cells with IC₅₀ of 25 µM after 48 h of treatment. Results indicated that Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) possesses compounds with cytotoxic activity that can further be exploited to develop anticancer formulations.     

Circadian variation and in vitro cytotoxic activity evaluation of volatile compounds from leaves of Piper regnellii (Miq) C. DC. var. regnellii (C. DC.) Yunck (Piperaceae)

Aiming detection of circadian variation in the chemical composition of volatiles from Piper regnellii, the leaves were collected during four different periods (8, 12, 16 and 20 h) in the same day. After extraction by hydrodistillation and GC/MS analysis, no significant variation was observed for the main compounds: germacrene D (45.6 ± 1.5–51.4 ± 3.1%), α–chamigrene (8.9 ± 1.3–11.3 ± 2.7%) and β–caryophyllene (8.2 ± 0.9–9.5 ± 0.3%). Evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity against several cancer and non-tumourigenic cells indicated promising activity, especially to HeLa (human cervical carcinoma) with IC₅₀ ranging from 11 ± 3 to 17 ± 3 μg/mL. The obtained volatile oils were pooled and subjected to fractionation to afford pure β-caryophyllene, α-chamigrene and germacrene D, being this last compound the more active against HeLa cells with IC₅₀ of 7 ± 1 μg/mL (34 ± 5 μM). Therefore, the predominance of germacrene D in all analysed oils could justify, at least in part, the activity observed for the volatile compounds from P. regnellii leaves.     

铁皮石斛原球茎多糖DCPP3c-1的分离纯化及结构初步分析

铁皮石斛原球茎粗多糖(DCPP)经阴离子交换纤维素柱(DEAE-2)和凝胶柱(Sephadex G-200)依次层析,分离纯化得灰色多糖DCPP3c-1.其纯度经比旋光度法、柱层析、紫外扫描检测,组分和结构经薄层层析、高效液相色谱、红外光谱及高碘酸钠氧化等试验分析.结果显示DCPP3c-1为均一组分,相对分子质量为72.4 ku.由甘露糖、鼠李糖、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖和阿拉伯糖组成,其分子物质的量之比为1.120 4:1:1.046:23.354:3.828:1.046.分子中1→6残基占14%,1→2或1→4残基占40.7%,1→3键占45.3%.红外光谱显示其具有多糖特征吸收峰,并存在吡喃糖苷键.DCPP3c-1是首次从液体悬浮培养的原球茎中分离得到的新型酸性杂多糖组分.     

Cytotoxicity of benzophenanthridine alkaloids from the roots of Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC. var. fastuosum How ex Huang

This work aimed to investigate benzophenanthridine from the roots of Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC. var. fastuosum How ex Huang for the first time. Thirteen benzophenanthridines were isolated, and our results of the cytotoxic activities indicated that compound 6 exhibited the best potency against A549, Hela, SMMC-7721 and EJ, with the IC₅₀ values of 27.50, 37.50, 16.95 and 60.42 μM, respectively. Compounds 7 and 11 also showed strong cytotoxicity when tested against the four human cancer cell lines (A549, Hela, SMMC-7721 and EJ), while only compounds 12 and 13 displayed cytotoxicity in inhibiting BALL-1 proliferation among all the compounds. These results suggested that benzophenanthridines may become a valid alternative of potential basis for new anti-proliferative agents.     

Quality evaluation of Rhizoma Belamcandae (Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC.) by using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectrometry

A high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS) method was developed to evaluate the quality of Rhizoma Belamcandae (Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC.) through establishing chromatographic fingerprint and simultaneous determination of seven phenolic compounds. The analysis was achieved on an Alltima C(18) analytical column (250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d. 5 microm) using linear gradient elution of acetonitrile-0.1% trifluoroacetic acid. The correlation coefficients of similarity were determined from the HPLC fingerprints, and they shared a close similarity. By using an online APCI-MS/MS, twenty phenols were identified. In addition, seven of these phenols including mangiferin, 7-O-methylmangiferin, tectoridin, resveratrol, tectorigenin, irigenin and irisflorentin were quantified by the validated HPLC-DAD method. These phenols are considered to be major constituents in Rhizoma Belamcandae, and are generally regarded as the index for quality assessment of this herb. This developed method by having a combination of chromatographic fingerprint and quantification analysis could be applied to the quality control of Rhizoma Belamcandae.     

Pigment of Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hil.) Flowers: Separation,Extraction, Purification and Antioxidant Activity

In this work, the extraction procedure of a natural pigment from the flower of Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hil.) was optimized by response surface methodology. It is the first time that the extraction of the flower pigment of C. speciosa (FPCS) has been reported, along with an evaluation of its stability and biological activity under various conditions, and an exploration of its potential use as a food additive and in medicine. Specifically, the effects of ethanol concentration, solid–liquid ratio, temperature and time on the extraction rate of FPCS were determined using a Box–Behnken design. The optimum extraction conditions for FPCS were 75% ethanol with a solid–liquid ratio of 1:75 mg/mL) at 66 °C for 39 min. The purification of FPCS using different macroporous resins showed that D101 performed best when the initial mass concentration of the injection solution was 1.50 mg/mL, resulting in a three-fold increase in color value. The yield of dry flowers was 9.75% of fresh petals and the FPCS extraction efficiency was 43.2%. The effects of light, solubility, pH, temperature, sweeteners, edible acids, redox agents, preservatives and metal ions on FPCS were also investigated. Furthermore, the characteristics of FPCS were determined by spectrophotometry at a specific wavelength using the Lambert–Beer law to correlate the mass of FPCS with its absorbance value. An acute toxicological test performed according to Horne’s method showed that FPCS is a non-toxic extract and thus may be used as a food additive or in other ingestible forms. Finally, western blotting showed that FPCS prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced hippocampal oxidative stress in mice. The study suggests that FPCS may function as an antioxidant with applications in the food, cosmetics and polymer industries.