洛伦兹破缺的电动力学模型

由于宇宙常数的存在, 时空为渐近de Sitter(dS)的时空. 文中将静态dS度规作为时空的近似刻画, 研究了在此度规下的一个洛伦兹破缺的电动力学模型. 通过张量的标架场分解的方法, 得到了静态dS时空中的电磁场方程. 另外, 分别研究了静态dS时空中点电荷的静电场和圈电流的静磁场, 并且同时讨论了在此模型下的洛伦兹破缺效应.     

Electrostatic and magnetostatic solutions in a Lorentz-violating electrodynamics model

We propose an effective Lorentz-violating electrodynamics model via the static de Sitter metric, which is deviated from the Minkowski metric by a minuscule amount depending on the cosmological constant. We obtain the electromagnetic field equations via the vierbein decomposition of the tensors. In addition, as an application of the electromagnetic field equations obtained, we derive the solutions of the electrostatic field and the magnetostatic field due to a point charge and a circle current, respectively, and discuss the implication of the effect of Lorentz violation in our electromagnetic theory.PACS 04.20.Cv; 04.40.-b; 98.80.Jk; 11.30.Cp     

运动Dyon粒子双矢势场方程的格林函数解

首先回顾了有磁荷(或等效磁荷)存在的情况下电磁场双四维势的描述方法，给出了场强与双四维势的关系以及具有电磁对偶对称性的Maxwell方程；利用Green函数法求出了场方程具有Lorentz变换协变性的推迟解；最后给出了广义李纳-魏谢尔势的表述形式.     

Behavior of a spin-1/2 massive charged particle in Schwarzschild immersed in an electromagnetic universe

The Dirac equation is considered in a spacetime that represents a Schwarzschild metric coupled to a uniform external electromagnetic field. Due to the presence of electromagnetic field from the surroundings, the interaction with the spin-1/2 massive charged particle is considered. The equations of the spin-1/2 massive charged particle are separated into radial and angular equations by adopting the Newman–Penrose formalism. The angular equations obtained are similar to the Schwarzschild geometry. For the radial equations we manage to obtain the one dimensional Schrödinger-type wave equations with effective potentials. Finally, we study the behavior of the potentials by plotting them as a function of radial distance and expose the effect of the external parameter, charge and the frequency of the particle on them.     

Numerical Simulation of Shear-Horizontal-Wave-Induced Electromagnetic Field in Borehole Surrounded by Porous Formation

Seismoelectric fieM excited by purely torsional loading applied directly to the borehole wall is considered. A brief formulation and some computed waveforms show the advantage of using shear-horizontal （SH） transverseelectric （TE） seismoelectric waves logging to measure shear velocity in a fluid-saturated porous formation. By assuming that the acoustic field is not influenced by its induced electromagnetic field due to seismoeleetric effect, the coupling governing equations for electromagnetic field are reduced to Maxwell equations with a propagation current source. It is shown that this simplification is valid and the borehole seismoelectric conversion efficient is mainly dependent on the electrokinetic coupling coefficient. The receivers to detect the conversion electromagnetic field and to obtain shear velocity can be set in the borehole fluid in the SH-TE seismoelectric wave log.     

A new unified field theory based on the conformal group

We develop here a new unified theory of the electromagnetic and gravitational field, based on a six-dimensional generalization of Maxwell's equations; additional space-time coordinates are interpreted only as mathematical tools in order to obtain a linear realization of the four-dimensional conformal group.     

The Dirac equation in Schwarzschild black hole coupled to a stationary electromagnetic field

We study the Dirac equation in a spacetime that represents the nonlinear superposition of the Schwarzschild solution to an external, stationary electromagnetic field. The set of equations representing the uncharged Dirac particle in the Newman–Penrose formalism is decoupled into a radial and an angular parts. We obtain exact analytical solutions of the angular equations. We manage to obtain the radial wave equations with effective potentials. Finally, we study the potentials by plotting them as a function of radial distance and examine the effect of the twisting parameter and the frequencies on the potentials.     

电磁波方程及折射、反射定律的一些思考

本文由电磁波的麦克斯韦方程组出发,介绍导出折射定律和反射定律的一种证明方法.其证明方法,使用了空间微元近似,然后推广至全空间传播的方法,从而简化了麦克斯韦方程组求解的烦琐过程,提出了一种可教学推广的实用性方法.通过使用微元法,求解得到麦克斯韦方程的行波解形式,即得出电磁场是一种行波.由电磁场的向量形式推导空间中电磁波的折射、反射定律,得到折射、反射定律的证明并不需要电磁波的解析形式,在连续函数的情形下是普遍成立的.求解过程中加深对麦克斯韦方程组的理解,体现了电磁过程的深刻物理图像,也为由几何光学向波动光学过渡提供一种思想上的指导.     

The form-invariance of wave equations without requiring a priori relations between field variables

According to the principle of relativity,the equations describing the laws of physics should have the same forms in all admissible frames of reference,i.e.,form-invariance is an intrinsic property of correct wave equations.However,so far in the design of metamaterials by transformation methods,the form-invariance is always proved by using certain relations between field variables before and after coordinate transformation.The main contribution of this paper is to give general proofs of form-invariance of electromagnetic,sound and elastic wave equations in the global Cartesian coordinate system without using any assumption of the relation between field variables.The results show that electromagnetic wave equations and sound wave equations are intrinsically form-invariant,but traditional elastodynamic equations are not.As a by-product,one can naturally obtain new elastodynamic equations in the time domain that are locally accurate to describe the elastic wave propagation in inhomogeneous media.The validity of these new equations is demonstrated by some numerical simulations of a perfect elastic wave rotator and an approximate elastic wave cloak.These findings are important for solving inverse scattering problems in many fields such as seismology,nondestructive evaluation and metamaterials.     

Electromagnetic effects on complexity factor for static cylindrical system

This paper investigates the phenomenon of complexity factor for static charged anisotropic cylindrical configuration. We formulate some basic equations such as Einstein–Maxwell field equations, Tolman–Opphenheimer–Volkoff equation and mass equation. Further, the orthogonal splitting of the Riemann tensor is used to obtain the structure scalars that lead to the complexity factor. Finally, we investigate some theoretical models with vanishing complexity condition. It is found that the complexity of the system increases for α ≤ 1 in the presence of the electromagnetic field.     

声诱导电磁场的赫兹矢量表示与多极声电测井模拟

在假设声场不受电磁场影响的前提下，将Pride声电耦合方程组化为具有电流源的麦克斯韦方程组.与空间位置固定的电流源产生的电磁场不同，孔隙地层中声波诱导的电磁场是由空间波动的电流源产生的.通过引入赫兹矢量，将求解麦克斯韦方程组问题转化为求解关于赫兹矢量的非齐次矢量赫姆霍兹方程组.通过求解该方程组，得出电磁场表达式.利用此方法，针对声电效应测井，分别计算了由单极声源、偶极声源、四极声源激发的井内声场及其诱导电磁场的全波波形. 关键词： 孔隙介质 诱导电磁场 测井 多极声源     

A new derivation for the field of a time-varying charge in Einstein's theory

A fundamental problem in general relativity is the determination of the field produced by a source configuration consisting of a time-varying charge. By employing a generalized form for the electromagnetic energy-momentum tensor, it is possible to obtain an exact solution of the Einstein field equations for this distribution, without postulating a null fluid.     

Phase and direction dependence of photorefraction in a low-frequency strong circular-polarized plane wave

Contrary to the superposition principle, it is well known that photorefraction exists in the vacuum with the presence of a strong static field, a laser field, or a rotational magnetic field. Different from the classical optical crystals, the refractive index also depends on the phase of the strong electromagnetic field. We obtain the phase and direction dependence of the refractive index of a probe wave incident in the strong field of a circular-polarized plane wave by solving the Maxwell equations corrected by the effective Lagrangian. It may provide a valuable theoretical basis to calculate the polarization evolution of waves in the strong electromagnetic circumstances of pulsar or neutron stars.     

腔体内传输线耦合的电磁仿真软件与传输线方程的混合算法

研究了一种有限积分法软件与传输线方程相结合的混合算法,用于解决复杂电磁环境下屏蔽腔体内传输线的电磁耦合问题。利用有限积分法软件实现屏蔽腔体的建模,仿真得到腔体内部空间电磁场分布,并设置电场探针提取出传输线的激励场。利用传输线方程建立腔体内传输线的耦合模型,将得到的传输线激励场引入到传输线方程作为等效分布电压和电流源。利用时域有限差分(FDTD)格式对传输线方程进行离散,从而迭代求解出传输线终端负载上的电压和电流响应。通过与文献以及传统数值算法的计算结果进行对比,验证混合算法的正确性。研究表明,该混合算法在模拟电大尺寸腔体内传输线的电磁耦合方面,具有较高的精度和计算效率。     

Aharanov-Bohm currents in thin superconducting cylinders

The Aharanov-Bohm effect is the influence of classically inaccessible electromagnetic fields on quantum wave functions. In this paper we consider the Ginsburg-Landau (GL) equations for the stationary states of a thin, superconducting cylinder in the presence of a curl-free, static electromagnetic potential corresponding to zero fields. We solve the GL equations explicitly to obtain self-consistent solutions for the current density, the induced field and the free energy in a well-defined and accessible approximation. The analysis makes quantitative predictions which can, in principle, be experimentally tested to provide a clear and convincing demonstration of the Aharanov-Bohm effect.     

拓扑绝缘体椭球粒子的电磁散射

利用麦克斯韦方程组,用球矢量波函数展开了长椭球坐标系中的电磁场分量; 根据拓扑绝缘体的本构关系,修正了椭球内外的电磁场;利用拓扑绝缘体的边界条件, 推导了散射系数和散射电磁场.模拟结果表明:当时间反演对称打破时,拓扑磁电参数对散射截面有明显影响.     

关于真空中的位移电流、Maxwell方程组、电磁场的源及Jefimenko公式的几点注记

通过分析指出：电磁场是一个不可分割的整体，Maxwell方程组是电磁场的运动方程，电磁场的源是电荷与电流的分布，Jefimenko公式是真空中Maxwell方程组的解。     

Innere Reissner-Weyl-Lösung

With the aid of an invariance transformation of the Lagrangian we obtain a class of exact static solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations including perfect fluid. Application of the method to the interior and exterior Schwarzschild solution yields a corresponding solution with electromagnetic field (Reissner-Weyl solution). The boundary conditions of the resulting metric are automatically fulfilled.     

Electromagnetic solutions of the field equations in presence of zeromass mesons

The field equations of general relativity with electromagnetic stress tensor and zeromass scalar meson field are investigated. The metric coefficients are assumed to be functions of three variables only. It is then shown that, if one assumes a functional relation between some one of the metric coefficients and the electromagnetic potentials, that one can find a solution of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations in terms of a solution of the Einstein equations with zeromass scalar meson field as source.