损伤因素对单层平面索网静力性能影响研究：有限元分析与试验验证

运用通用有限元软件ANSYS建立三维有限元模型,对横索与竖索连接节点失效、索预应力损失和锚固端失效这三种损伤因素的不同损伤工况下,单层平面索网结构的受力性能进行了非线性有限元分析,并与相应的试验结果进行了全面对比分析。结果表明：本文的有限元模型能够准确地分析计算上述三种损伤因素对单层平面索网结构受力性能的影响,包括结构...     

Super element approach to cable passing through multiple pulleys

A parametric super element model for cable passing through multiple pulleys is presented in this study for the static analysis of structures. The amounts of cable passages over pulleys are introduced as additional degrees-of-freedoms in the finite element model and the relationship between cable tensions at the two sides of each pulley is imposed based on the friction law or empirical data. The proposed finite element model is firstly verified by a simple pulley cable system and then applied to the analysis of real complex engineering structures. The verification results satisfy the static equilibrium and deformation compatibility conditions of the structural system and basic engineering principles. With the application of the proposed super element model, the global deformation and stress distribution for structures with multiple-pulley cable systems can be effectively and accurately computed. Numerical results for structural analysis show that the effect of friction of pulleys on the cable tensions is significant and the friction-free and fixed models both give unrealistic and incorrect results in cable tensions in some cases.     

Three-dimensional static and dynamic stiffness analyses of the cable driven parallel robot with non-negligible cable mass and elasticity

This study investigates the three-dimensional static and dynamic stiffness analyses of the cable driven parallel robot by considering cable mass, elasticity, and mass of end-effector. According to these models, optimization of cable tensions and cable lengths using fminimax solver is performed to determine the static stiffness. Static and dynamic stiffness of the cables are obtained with simulations. Results show that analyses in three-dimension are very important to measure the actual performance of the cable driven parallel robot. This demonstrates potential for general applicability and motion of the cable driven parallel robot.     

单层平面索网幕墙结构的几何非线性问题研究

单层平面索网支承式玻璃幕墙结构是近年来在国内外应用较为广泛的一种新型幕墙结构形式,由于单层平面索网不具有负高斯曲面形式,结构在平面外方向的刚度偏柔,表现出较明显的几何非线性特征.本文采用连续化方法建立了单层平面索网结构考虑几何非线性影响的静力平衡方程和振动方程,得到了结构刚度的解析表达式,并采用谐波平衡法求得非线性频率的简化解析表达式,以此为基础研究了单层平面索网结构的静力非线性和动力非线性问题.研究结果表明:结构的非线性和结构的初始位置密切相关;结构的非线性频率主要取决于索的初始应变、结构振动幅值与跨度的比值,几何非线性对于结构动力性能的影响要小于对结构静力性能的影响;本文得到的结构在地震荷载和平均风荷载作用下的非线性振动方程和非线性频率为结构在地震荷载和脉动风荷载作用下动力响应的求解奠定了基础.     

卷积型最小二乘法求解梁的动力学问题

提出了卷积型最小二乘法,并用其计算了不同初始条件和不同边界条件下梁的动力学问题,算例表明,方法概念简单,计算方便,精度高,计算工作量少,卷积型最小二乘法是计算结构动力学问题的一种简单、高效的方法,试函数可以不满足边界条件.     

解析索单元的温度效应修正

已有的解析索单元理论在考虑温度效应时,采用先计算出给定温度下无应力长度,再以此为参考状态进行静力计算的方法,因而温度应变和静力应变基于不同的参考状态. 在Irvine 的推导基础上计入温度效应,得到了基于无应变状态的解析索单元. 算例表明该修正的合理性.     

薄膜结构的几何非线性分析

使用动力松弛法对薄膜结构进行静载分析，并提出一种方法处理皱折单元以确保荷载分析的可靠性。薄膜结构如果在某膜单元的单向应力方向发生皱折，其单元本身仍然能够继续承受荷载，因此提出索松弛单元和膜皱折单元处理薄膜的索松弛和膜皱折问题。就索网结构和薄膜结构分类给出算例进行静载分析，算例表明本文的方法可以有效处理索松弛单元和膜皱折单元，确保荷载分析的准确性。     

在中支座可滑动的两跨连续索的静力分析

基于非线性弹性理论,从单索的平衡出发,在索元的无应力长度已知情况下,提出了两跨连续索在中间节点滑移的初始平衡位置确定及均布荷载作用下的静力响应分析方法,建立了其非缄性计算的基本理论、公式和求解方法,并进行了实例计算。     

弹性地基梁理论在锚索抗滑桩计算中的应用


针对目前锚索抗滑桩的内力计算通常未考虑滑面以上桩身与岩土体的相互作用关系,而将滑面以上桩身按一般静力结构或有限次超静定结构计算的现状。本文根据弹性地基梁理论,考虑锚索与桩的变形协调,将初参数法运用到锚索抗滑桩的计算中,通过选取合理的初参数作为未知量,得到了锚索拉力以及桩身内力的计算过程。并结合皖南地区某处产生滑移弯曲变形的顺层滑坡治理工程进行了分析,与传统方法计算结果相比,本方法所得内力值较大,偏于安全,桩身内力分布规律与传统方法所得结果较吻合。

)     

Transient vibrations of a tau inclined cable with a riding accelerating mass

The objective of this paper is a theoretical and numerical study of the dynamics of a taut inclined cable with a riding accolerating mass, which is suspended from two points of different elevation. The moving mass is a trolley that is accelerated by a solid fuel rocket down the inclined cable and is aerodynamically brought to a halt. The thrust of the rocket is tangential to the deformed configuration of the cable.Methods of analysis consist of the dynamics of small deformations superimposed on the static catenary state. The problem is nonlinear due to presence of friction and the convective acceleration interaction of the moving mass and the cable. Galerkin's procedure for removal of spatial dependence and numerical integration are used to obtain convergent solutions.Deceased     

Nonlinear dynamic phenomena in a SDOF model of cable net

The dynamic behavior of the simplest possible cable net is studied in this paper, consisting of two crossing cables in perpendicular vertical planes, having the same span and opposite sags. A concentrated mass is attached at the central node, and only the vertical translational degree of freedom is assumed as active. First, the static behavior is explored up to the load level that causes tensile cable failure. Then, the dynamic response is investigated for different resonant conditions and is found to give significantly larger amplitudes with respect to the static ones, even for loading frequencies away from the eigenfrequency of the system. In order to derive analytical solutions, the equation of motion is simplified and the cable net is proved to be a Duffing oscillator. For the simplified problem, the occurrence of nonlinear phenomena is verified analytically, such as bending of the response curve, jump phenomena, instability regions, dependence on the initial conditions, and superharmonic and subharmonic resonances. These phenomena are also detected by means of numerical analyses. A comparison between the exact model and the simplified one shows that the analytical solution of the Duffing equation describes the dynamic behavior of the cable net with satisfactory accuracy.     

水下锚索动力响应分析及索力识别方法研究

海洋资源和海洋空间的开发利用是21世纪人类发展海洋的两大主题. 锚索作为海洋装备和深海建筑的重要承力和锚固构件, 其损伤和破坏将直接影响整个结构的安全性和耐久性, 因此有必要对锚索的服役期状态进行实时监测和评估. 索力是反映锚索静动力学特性的重要物理量, 掌握索力的实时变化情况对于锚索的健康监测及状态评估具有重要意义. 现有研究通常在张紧弦或简支梁模型的基础上, 采用修正索力公式或智能优化算法来识别索力, 未能充分考虑垂度引起的几何非线性影响. 为了在理论上给出物理意义更加明确、识别精度更高的锚索索力识别公式, 针对水下锚索的几何非线性及阻尼非线性特点, 首先利用等效线性化技术, 推导了锚索自由振动频率和响应的摄动解, 给出了考虑锚索垂度的频率解析表达式; 在此基础上给出了基于振动法的索力识别方案; 数值案例表明本文方法识别结果与真实值一致, 从而验证了本文方法的准确性. 相关理论和结论能够为此类工程结构的动力分析和健康监测提供理论依据.      

Modelling and transient planar dynamics of suspended cables with moving mass

In this study, the 3D nonlinear equations of motion of the suspended cable with moving mass are obtained via the Hamilton principle, and its transient linear planar dynamics is investigated. Considering the quasi-static assumption, the condensed planar model accounting for the effect of the moving mass is derived, and it is then discretized by choosing the static deflection and sine series as shape functions. It is shown that this expansion shows good convergence features. The Newmark method is used to investigate the transient response. The effects of the inertia force, mass, sag and velocity of the moving mass on the transient dynamics of the suspended cable are systematically investigated. Finally, the horizontal tension of the suspended cable and the case of sequentially moving masses are examined.     

On modelling and linear vibrations of arbitrarily sagged inclined cables in a quiescent viscous fluid

A theory of free linear vibrations of arbitrarily sagged inclined cables in a viscous fluid is presented in the framework of the heavy fluid loading concept. The static equilibrium shape of the cable is found by using the model of inextensible catenary and the validity ranges of this approximation are assessed. The dynamics of the viscous fluid is described by the linearised Navier–Stokes equations and their solution is pursued analytically by formulating the fluid field variables via potential functions. The vibration problem of a submerged cable is solved by Galerkin's method and the modal added mass and modal viscous damping coefficients are calculated. As a prerequisite for this analysis, the free vibrations of a cable in vacuum are addressed and a very good agreement with known results is observed. The physical interpretation of the dependence of modal added mass and modal damping coefficients on the ‘design variables’ for a fluid-loaded cable is given and the possible extensions of the suggested theory to capture weakly nonlinear effects are highlighted.     

The suspended elastic cable under the action of concentrated vertical loads

This investigation treats the static response of a single elastic cable which is suspended between two points that are not necessarily at the same level. The cable is loaded by its self-weight and any number of concentrated vertical loads which may be arbitrarily placed along its length. The analysis presented uses a Lagrangian approach. For the strained cable profile, the tension and displacements are given as functions of a single Lagrangian co-ordinate. A specific application of the general analysis is made and compared with a simple experiment.     

Application of the integral manifold method to the analysis of the spatial motion of a rigid body fixed to a cable

We analyze the spatial motion of a rigid body fixed to a cable about its center of mass when the orbital cable system is unrolling. The analysis is based on the integral manifold method, which permits separating the rigid body motion into the slow and fast components. The motion of the rigid body is studied in the case of slow variations in the cable tension force and under the action of various disturbances.We estimate the influence of the static and dynamic asymmetry of the rigid body on its spatial motion about the cable fixation point. An example of the analysis of the rigid body motion when the orbital cable system is unrolling is given for a special program of variations in the cable tension force. The conditions of applicability of the integral manifold method are analyzed.     

Static and dynamic response of elastic suspended cables with damage

In cable-stayed structures cables are subjected to potential damage, mainly due to fatigue and galvanic corrosion. The paper presents an analysis of damage effects on the statics and dynamics of suspended cables. An elastic continuous monodimensional model for damaged cables, including geometric nonlinearities, is formulated for the purpose. The damage is described as a diffused reduction of the cable axial stiffness, and defined through its intensity, extent and position. Exact solutions of the equations governing the cable static equilibrium under self-weight are achieved, and the significance of the tension loss and sag augmentation resulting from damage are investigated under variation of practically significant parameters. The system spectral properties characterizing the free undamped dynamics are obtained in a closed-form fashion for shallow cables within the low frequency range. The sensitivity of the frequencies to the intensity and extent of damage is discussed, outlining two damage effects, which alternatively stiffen or soften the cable modes, whose respective static and geometric origin is recognized. Finally, the symmetry-breaking induced by damage on the static profile is verified to destroy the crossing phenomenon (crossover) characterizing the frequency loci of undamaged cables, which degenerates into a narrow frequency veering phenomenon.     

LT50m缩比模型悬索舱体系统的风振分析

在新一代大型射电望远镜（LT）的悬索舱体系统中增加了抑制风激振动的下拉结构控制索系，并分析了50m缩比模型的风振响应。首先，由非线性静力分析确定结构初始静态参考位形和初应力；其次，针对结构特点模拟作用在悬索和馈源舱上的随机风荷。在上述研究的基础上，在时域中模拟分析下拉索系对结构风振的抑制效果，同时通过典型节点时域响应的FFT变换，给出响应自功率谱图，进一步描述了振动控制的效果。     

基于动态松弛法的柔索驱动并联机器人位置正解分析

根据悬链线解析表达式推导出悬索两端固定时索端拉力与索长之间的关系,用于求解特定长度的驱动柔索对处于某一位姿的动平台的作用力.动态松弛法可以从任意的初始状态开始,通过简单迭代而使系统达到静平衡状态.将该方法应用到柔索驱动并联机器人的位置正解分析中,可以得到与特定索长对应的动平台位姿.以舱索系统为例验证了方法的正确性.     

A unified approach to aerodynamic damping and drag/lift instabilities,and its application to dry inclined cable galloping

Inclined cables of cable-stayed bridges often experience large amplitude vibrations. One of the potential excitation mechanisms is dry inclined cable galloping, which has been observed in wind tunnel tests but which has not previously been fully explained theoretically. In this paper, a general expression is derived for the quasi-steady aerodynamic damping (positive or negative) of a cylinder of arbitrary cross-section yawed/inclined to the flow, for small amplitude vibrations in any plane. The expression covers the special cases of conventional quasi-steady aerodynamic damping, Den Hartog galloping and the drag crisis, as well as dry inclined cable galloping. A nondimensional aerodynamic damping parameter governing this behaviour is proposed, which is a function of only the Reynolds number, the angle between the wind velocity and the cable axis, and the orientation of the vibration plane. Measured static force coefficients from wind tunnel tests have been used with the theoretical expression to predict values of this parameter. Two main areas of instability (i.e. negative aerodynamic damping) have been identified, both in the critical Reynolds number region, one of which was previously observed in separate wind tunnel tests on a dynamic cable model. The minimum values of structural damping required to prevent dry inclined cable galloping are defined, and other factors in the behaviour in practice are discussed.