Al—Fu—Fe二十面体准晶的深过冷研究

通过循环过热净化研究Ａｌ－Ｃｕ－Ｆｅ合金毛织品 Ａｌ６５Ｃｕ２０Ｆｅ１５合金液的深过冷，采用循环过热净化法净化Ａｌ６５Ｃｕ２０Ｆｅ１５合金液，获得了９８Ｋ的过冷度，并制备出直径为６ｍｍ的高纯度的Ａｌ－Ｃｕ－Ｆｅ二十面体准晶球。随着Ａｌ６５Ｃｕ２０Ｆｅ１５合金液过冷度的不同，Ａｌ６５Ｃｕ２０Ｆｅ１５合金液的第一形核相也发生变化。     

机械合金化Fe-Cu系统的EXAFS研究

ＥＸＡＦＳ研究Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ系二元金属的Ｆｅ和Ｃｕ配位环境随球磨时间及组成的变化情况，结果表明机械合金化方法能扩展Ｆｅ和Ｃｕ金属的固溶范围并形成纳米尺寸的非平衡亚稳态合金晶粒，Ｆｅ₈₀Ｃｕ₂₀（１６０ｂ）中Ｃｎ的Ｋ吸收谱和ＲＳＦ出现ｂｃｃ结构的特征，其Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ的合金晶粒为ｂｃｃ结构；Ｆｅ₆₀Ｃｕ₄₀（１６０ｋ）中Ｃｕ和Ｆｅ的ＲＳＦ都为ｆｃｃ结构，其合金晶粒的结构与Ｆｅ₈₀Ｃｕ₂₀的不同，为ｆｃｃ结构，但合金晶粒中未形成均匀分散的Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ合金相是Ｃｕ略富积于核，Ｆｅ偏析于表面的亚稳态结构。     

高压下Al65Co20Mn15合金准晶相得截获及其稳定性的研究

 本文利用高压熔态淬火方法，对Al₆₅Co₂₀Mn₁₅合金进行了研究。首次发现在4.4 GPa压力下淬火的样品中有准晶T相形成。使用电子衍射和X射线衍射对准晶态进行了鉴别。用高温X射线衍射进行了热稳定性研究，发现Al₆₅Co₂₀Mn₁₅合金中准晶T相得晶化温度约为600 ℃。     

高压处理对Cu75.15Al24.85合金组织与电阻率的影响

本文借助金相显微镜, XRD, SEM和DSC等手段对Cu_75.15Al_24.85合金经1-5 GPa压力, 750℃保温15 min处理前后的组织结构进行了分析,并用电阻率测试仪对合金的 电阻率进行测试,以此探讨了高压处理对Cu_75.15Al_24.85合金组织与电阻率的影响. 结果表明:高压处理能细化Cu_75.15Al_24.85合金的组织,增大合金的电阻率, 当压力为3 GPa时,该合金获得的组织最细小,电阻率最大.     

液Zn对Fe2Al5涂层侵蚀的相变过程研究

本文对Fe₂Al₅涂层在液态Zn中的侵蚀相变过程进行了研究,实验结果表明：在侵蚀初期,靠界面张力平衡的作用,先发生热侵蚀,在试样表面形成热蚀沟,当热蚀沟达到一定程度后, 液Zn与Fe₂Al₅相由不浸润变为浸润;同时Zn原子扩散进入Fe₂Al₅相并形成Fe₂Al₅-Zn_x固溶体相(η相);随着侵蚀时间的增加,发生在腐蚀界面上的液Zn对Fe₂Al₅涂层的侵蚀过程是恒温相变过程,相变过程使Fe₂Al₅涂层发生定向熔化. 相变的驱动力来自于相成分的改变所引起的各相自由能的变化及各相间的相平衡的重新建立.     

七种非晶铁磁合金的体积磁致伸缩研究

 强制体积磁致伸缩的数量级极小（10^-10~10^-9[(10³/4π)(A/m)]^-1），如通过测量三个互成直角方向的线磁致伸缩（10^-6[(10³/4π)(A/m)]^-1）再正负迭加则很难测准。本文利用热力学关系：(dω/dH)_T,p=-(dM_s/dp)_T,H，用静水压法在0.000 1~2.4 GPa范围测得七种非晶合金Fe_81.6Si_4.6B_13.8、Fe_46.3Co_0.03Ni_46.5Si_3.75V_0.92B_2.5、Fe₇₅Cr₅Si₅B₁₅、Fe_73.9Co_8.3Si_4.4B_13.4、Fe₇₅Ni₅Si₅B₁₅、Fe_78.75Cu_1.25Si₅B₁₅和(Fe_0.85Co_0.15)₈₂Cu_0.4Si_4.4B_13.2的强制体积磁致伸缩及其随静水压p的变化。结果表明：（1）其中六种属于第一类压磁效应。(dω/dH)_T,p在大部分压力下为正，p增加时M_s不断减小；(dω/dH)_T,p仅在几个狭窄的压力范围为负。可归因于磁性原子与非磁性原子的化学短程序在压力下的变化。（2）非晶合金Fe_78.75Cu_1.25Si₅B₁₅属于第二类压磁效应。(dω/dH)_T,p在绝大部分压力下为负。M_s反常升高与Cu的特殊作用有关。     

Hf-基非晶合金的力学性能研究

 利用MTS810实验机和分离式霍普金森压杆（SHPB）,对Hf_44.5Cu₂₇Ni_13.5Ti₅Al₁₀块体非晶合金进行了准静态和动态压缩实验,应变速率范围为10^-4~10³ s^-1,给出了不同应变速率下非晶合金的应力-应变曲线,并对其压缩断口形貌进行了扫描电镜观察。结果表明：在准静态压缩条件下,Hf_44.5Cu₂₇Ni_13.5Ti₅Al₁₀非晶合金不具有应变速率敏感性,在由放射区和扇形区组成的断口形貌上观察到纳米级韧窝和60 nm左右的周期性条纹结构;在动态压缩条件下,随着应变速率的增加,动态屈服强度明显减小,合金具有应变速率敏感性,同时断裂表面为夹杂着脉络条纹的絮状结构。进一步观察发现,动态压缩断口上存在3种特征断裂形貌：树枝状条纹、典型脉络花纹和合金熔体。     

过冷Ni-P合金的凝固行为

以揭示共晶系合金在不同过冷度下凝固时初生相的选择规律和凝固组织形成机理为目的, 用熔融玻璃净化和循环过热相结合的方法, 将Ni_100-xP_x(x=18, 19, 19.6, 20, 21, 原子百分比)合金过冷至平衡液相线以下不同的温度, 用高速红外测温仪记录了试样的凝固冷却曲线, 详尽分析了试样的凝固组织.结果表明, 过冷Ni-P合金快速凝固过程中析出的初生相为α-Ni/Ni₃P耦合共晶时, 整个凝固过程中仅出现一次再辉, 在所形成的异常共晶组织中α-Ni颗粒大小分布均匀;而当某一共晶相优先析出时, 另外一相需要在残留液相中重新形核, 致使凝固过程中出现两次再辉, 相应形成颗粒相大小截然不同的两类异常共晶组织;据此绘制了Ni-P合金初生相为共生共晶的区域. Ni-P合金中α-Ni的生长动力学明显快于Ni₃P, 使得在大过冷度下过共晶合金也以α-Ni作为初生相进行凝固.     

机械合金化Fe—Cu系统的EXAFS研究

ＥＸＡＦＳ研究Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ系二元金属的Ｆｅ和Ｃｕ配位环境随球磨时间及组成的变化情况，结果表明机械合金化方法能扩展Ｆｅ和Ｃｕ金属的固溶范围并形成纳米尺寸的非平衡亚稳态合金晶粒，Ｆｅ３０Ｃｕ２０（１６０ｈ）中Ｃｕ的Ｋ吸收谱和ＲＳＦ出现ｂｃｃ结构的下，其Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ的合昌粒为ｂｃｃ结构；Ｆｅ６０Ｃｕ４０（１６０ｈ）中Ｃｕ和Ｆｅ的ＲＳＦ都为ｆｃｃ结构，其合金晶粒的结构与Ｆｅ３０Ｃｕ２０的不同，为ｆｃｃ结构，但     

静高压下Al-Mn准晶形成及其结构稳定性的研究

 静高压（4.5 GPa）下Al₆Mn合金熔态淬火（冷却速度约为10² ℃/s），得到Al₆Mn合金的高压淬火样品。X射线分析表明：Al₆Mn合金的高压淬火样品中含有准晶二十面体相、Al₆Mn相及Al的面心立方相；与常压结果相比，高压淬火方法的冷却速率可比常压的低约3个数量级的条件下产生准晶二十面体相。其晶化温度与急冷甩带的相近。对静高压（2.5 GPa）下Al₆Mn准晶条带样品的晶化过程进行了研究。X射线分析表明：静高压下Al₆Mn准晶条带样品的晶化过程中，出现了一种新的未知亚稳相——准晶向晶体转化中的一种中间过渡态，具有类T相形式；与常压结果比较，高压下准晶相晶化温度提高。     

Formation and magnetic properties of mechanically alloyed Al65Cu20Fe15 quasicrystal

The formation of icosahedral phase by mechanical alloying of crystalline elemental powder of Al, Cu and Fe has been investigated. The effect of milling time on the formation of icosahedral phase of nominal composition of Al₆₅Cu₂₀Fe₁₅ has been studied using the X-ray diffraction technique. Further studies have been carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDAX), particle size, magnetisation and ferromagnetic resonance studies. All these studies indicate that the icosahedral alloy shows soft ferromagnetic behaviour.     

Structural evolutions of the mechanically alloyed Al<Subscript>70</Subscript>Cu<Subscript>20</Subscript>Fe<Subscript>10</Subscript> powders

Elemental mixtures of Al, Cu, Fe powders with the nominal composition of Al₇₀Cu₂₀Fe₁₀ were mechanically alloyed in a planetary ball mill for 80 h. Subsequent annealing of the as-milled powders were performed at 600–800°C temperature range for 4 h. Structural characteristics of the mechanically alloyed Al₇₀Cu₂₀Fe₁₀ powders with the milling time and the heat treatment were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Mechanical alloying of the Al₇₀Cu₂₀Fe₁₀ did not result in the formation of icosahedral quasicrystalline phase (i-phase) and a long time milling resulted in the formation of β-Al(Cu,Fe) solid solution phase (β-phase). The i-phase was observed only for short-time milled powders after heat treatment above 600°C. The β-phase was one of the major phases in the Al₇₀Cu₂₀Fe₁₀ alloy. The w-Al₇Cu₂Fe₁ phase (w-phase) was obtained only after heat treatment of the short-time milled and unmilled samples. The present investigation indicated that a suitable technique to obtain a large amount of quasicrystalline powders is to use a combination of short-time milling and subsequent annealing.     

Predicting macroscopic thermal expansion of metastable liquid metals with only one thousand atoms

Results of thermal expansion prediction from atomic scale for metastable liquid metals are reported herein. Three pure liquid metals Ni, Fe, and Cu together with ternary Ni₆₀Fe₂₀Cu₂₀ alloy are used as models. The pair distribution functions were employed to monitor the atomic structure. This indicates that the simulated systems are ordered in atomic short range and disordered in long range. The thermal expansion coefficient was computed as functions of temperature and atom cutoff radius, which tends to maintain a constant when the cutoff radius increases to approximately 15 Å. In such a case, slightly more than 1000 atoms are required for liquid Ni, Cu, Fe and Ni₆₀Fe₂₀Cu₂₀ alloy, that is, the macroscopic thermal expansion can be predicted from the volume change of such a tiny cell. Furthermore, the expansion behaviors of the three types of atoms in liquid Ni₆₀Fe₂₀Cu₂₀ alloy are revealed by the calculated partial expansion coefficient. This provides a fundamental method to predict the macroscopic thermal expansion from the atomic scale for liquid alloys, especially in the undercooled regime.     

Phase composition and the micro- and macrostructures of quasi-crystalline powders obtained by plasma-chemical synthesis

Quasi-crystalline Al₆₅Cu₂₃Fe₁₂ powders have been obtained by the method of plasma-chemical synthesis. Coarse particles have a spherical form and an inhomogeneous structure because of the laminar growth of crystallites toward the surface of the particles. The influence of heat treatment on phase formation and structuring in Al–Cu–Fe alloys has been studied. It has been found that the heat treatment of as-prepared powders changes the phase relationship in the quasi-crystalline alloy.     

Short-range order of quasicrystals after ball milling

Thermodynamically stable icosahedral Al₆₅Cu₂₀Fe₁₅ alloy is studied using⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer experiments. Its quasicrystalline structure is subjected to a low energy process of mechanical grinding up to 800 hours. The influence of ball milling on the electric field gradient magnitudes is discussed using an analysis of the Mössbauer spectra to different fitting models. The presence of an amorphous phase which co-exists with the quasicrystalline one is revealed in the early stage of mechanical grinding.     

Synthesis, X-Ray analysis, and Mössbauer investigation of Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystals

Alloys with nominal compositions Al₆₂Cu_25.5Fe_12.5, Al₆₃Cu₂₄Fe₁₃, Al_62.7Cu_24.8Fe_12.5 Al_62.8Cu_24.5Fe_12.7, Al₆₃Cu_24.3Fe_12.7, Al_63.2Cu₂₄Fe_12.8 and Al₆₅Cu₂₀Fe₁₅ are fabricated by a solid-state reaction. Synthesis is performed in the temperature range 550–750°C. The reaction time varies from 2 to 20 h. X-ray diffraction and nuclear γ-resonance spectroscopy are used to study phase formation during synthesis. The samples with the nominal compositions Al₆₃Cu₂₄Fe₁₃, Al_63.2Cu₂₄Fe_12.8 and Al₆₃Cu_24.3Fe_12.7 annealed at 650°C for 20 h contain only the thermodynamically stable icosahedral phase.     

退火诱导亚稳态Fe80Cu20合金固溶体的结构相变

利用扩展x射线吸收精细结构和x射线衍射研究了机械合金化制备的体心立方(bcc)的亚稳态Fe₈₀Cu₂₀合金固溶体的结构随退火温度的变化特点.结果表明，在300—873 K温度范围内，随着退火温度的升高，bcc结构物相的晶格常数近于线性降低，这主要是由于Cu原子从bcc结构Fe₈₀Cu₂₀合金固溶体中逐渐偏析出来，生成面心立方(fcc)结构的Cu物相所致.经603K退火后，Cu原子的平均键长R_Cu—Cu增加了0.003 nm左右，大约有50%的Cu原子从bcc结构的Fe₈₀Cu₂₀合金固溶体中偏析出来.在773 K退火后，bcc结构Fe_８０Cu₂₀合金固溶体近于完全相分离，生成了bcc结构的α-Fe与fcc结构的Cu物相. 关键词： 扩展x射线吸收精细结构 x射线衍射 ８０Cu₂₀合金')" href="#">Fe_８０Cu₂₀合金 机械合金化     

Hyperfine interactions in icosahedral quasicrystals: a Mössbauer study

Icosahedral Al₆₅Cu₂₀Fe₁₅ and Al₄₀Cu_9.9Ge₂₅Mn₂₅ ⁵⁷Fe_0.1 quasicrystals are studied using⁵⁷Fe transmission Mössbauer experiments. The spectra are analyzed by distributions of electric-quadrupole interaction accounting for line asymmetries. Temperature dependences of the hyperfine parameters derived comprising average values ofP() distributions, corresponding standard deviations and center shifts are presented in a whole range from 8 to 300 K.     

Al65Cu20Fe15 in amorphous,crystalline and quasicrystalline states

Three structurally distinct states (amorphous, crystalline, and quasicrystalline) of Al₆₅Cu₂₀Fe₁₅ and neighboring compositions, have been observed. A new metastable state. Intermediate between the amorphous and the quasicrystalline states, has been found. Mössbauer-effect measurements on these samples Al₆₅Cu_20xFe_15+x (?10≤x≤ 10, at.%) In the three different states show that the differences in the effective isomer shifts and quadrupole splittings among the three states are small despile diametrically different structures.     

Fe_50Cu_50合金熔体相分离过程的分子动力学模拟

基于镶嵌原子势,采用分子动力学模拟的方法探讨了Fe50Cu50合金熔体在1823 K下液-液相分离过程.结果发现:熔体中同类原子配位数随弛豫时间的延长逐渐增大,而异类原子配位数逐渐减少;由BhatiaThornton结构因子SCC(q)获得的相关长度随时间的变化也呈现出明显的递增趋势,表明该合金熔体在该温度下发生了液—液相分离.原子轨迹的可视化显示结果发现,相分离的初期,体系呈明显的网络状组织,随时间的延长,异类原子逐渐分离,最终形成富Fe和富Cu的相分离组织,符合调幅分解特征.与Fe75Cu25合金熔体的相分离过程对比发现,Fe与Cu原子数目相差越小,相分离行为越剧烈,形成稳定分层结构所需的时间越短.以上研究从原子尺度上表征了金属熔体的相分离过程.