54例白血病患者血清硒含量分析

以催化极谱法测定了５４例白血病患者血清硒含量。结果表明，急淋、急粒患者血清硒含量均低于正常对照组，慢粒及急、慢粒经治疗缓解者血清硒含量与正常对照组间均无显著性差异，提示低硒状态只存在于急性患者，且随病情缓解后血硒水平趋于正常，慢粒与血硒含量没有明显的相关关系。     

枳壳炮制前后微量元素的测定

采用等离子体原子发射光谱法对枳壳进行了炮制前后32种微量元素含量的测定比较．结果表明:枳壳经麸炒后，微量元素的含量有不同程度的变化。为深入研究枳壳炮制机理提供了参考依据．     

空气中水含量的计算及其在色谱分析中的应用

本文介绍了空气中水含量的计算式并编制了空气中的水含量表。实验证明,表上的数据适用于色谱分析。     

六月霜中总黄酮和元素含量的分析

用分光光度法测定了六月霜中总黄酮的含量,用原子吸收分光光度法测定了六月霜中元素的含量。结果表明,六月霜中总黄酮含量为６％,Ｍｎ含量较高。     

小儿甲型肝炎早期血清锌、铜、铁、镁含量变化的探讨

通过对９８例甲型肝炎早期住院患儿血清锌、铜、铁、镁含量的检测，显示在小儿甲型肝炎早期，血清锌、镁含量与对照组无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），血清铜、铁含量明显增高，与对照组存在非常显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）．文章对甲型肝炎患儿血清锌、铜、铁含量的变化和临床意义进行了探讨．     

猴头菇微量元素含量的分析

用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP-AES）测定了湛江市栽培的猴头茹微量元素的含量，发现其磷、硫、钙、镁、锌、铁、铜等元素的含量都比较丰富，并讨论了这些有益元素与人体健康的关系。     

心脑血管病患者头发微量元素铜、锌含量调查

调查了心脑血管病患者头发微量元素铜、锌含量，发现患者发现Cu、Zn含量普通遇低于正常值。     

微量元素与环境污染（一）

科学家们发现古代人和现代人体中微量元素含量比较，古人与今人必需微量元素含量相差无几，而现代人毒害元素含量却远比古代人要高得多。由于必需微量元素在人体内可以抑制毒害元素对人体的部分侵害作用，人为地预防由于工业污染而不断增加的毒害元索在人体内积累，适当提高人体必需微量元素的吸收是极为必要的。     

珠江三角洲蔬菜中的锰

珠江三角洲蔬菜中锰的含量范围为５．０１＊１０＾－６－３４６．８＊１０＾－６,平均６２．９１＊１０＾－６,大多数蔬菜中锰的含量为２０＊１０＾－６－７０＊１０＾－６,叶菜类锰的平均含量为６９．２０＊１０＾－６,头菜类平均为１９．８５＊１０＾－６,果蔬菜类,花菜类平均为３８．９０＊１０＾－６。蔬菜中锰的含量与蔬菜种类和土壤性质有密切关系。     

潮间带水体各要素中稀土元素的含量及其分布模式

以天津沿海潮间带为对象,通过P507萃淋树脂分离富集和ICP MS测定,探讨了潮间带海水和沉积物各要素中稀土元素的含量及分布模式。研究结果表明,潮间带海水中溶解态稀土含量均值为0.461μg·L-1,原水和沉积物孔隙水中稀土含量均值分别为4.98和0.845μg·L-1,其分布模式与内陆天然河流相似,与远洋深海差别较大。沉积物和悬浮物中稀土含量均值分别为161.2及168.1mg·kg-1,明显低于天然河流,但高于东海大陆架沉积物。潮间带沉积物、悬浮物主要源于陆地滨海土壤,其演化过程与天然河流相近,而与东海大陆架深海沉积物不同。天津沿海污染物的排海对潮间带稀土含量分布直接影响不明显。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Investigation of Kinetics of Solid-Phase Synthesis of Lithium Orthosilicate

The kinetics of the interaction between lithium carbonate and silica with various degrees of dispersion was investigated by TG and DTA methods. It was found that the utilization of pyrogenic silica with a specific surface area of about 300 m²g^-1 instead of aerosil with one of 175 m²g^-1 leads to an increase of the reaction rate between lithium carbonate and silica, which depends on the formation and growth of lithium orthosilicate crystals in the first stage, and is conditioned by the diffusion of lithium and oxygen ions through the lithium orthosilicate layer formed at temperatures above 800 K. This supposition is supported by the kinetic analysis results obtained with the use of the different models. The optimal regime of heating is recommended. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

小环化合物中饱和碳质子化学位移的计算

小环化合物由于其张力、构型、构象和各向异性效应等原因,环碳上质子化学位移缺乏规律性,难以预测,对此作者曾提出一种近似算法。本文根据303种小环化合物中饱和碳质子的化学位移实验数据,将适于计算这类质子化学位移的公式表述为:     

解决能源问题的新途径--光解水制氢的研究

面对日益枯竭的能源危机,氢能是一种洁净、最有前景的替代能源。目前在各种制氢的方法中光催化分解水制氢的研究最多,光解水过程中催化剂最关键,本文对利用太阳能光解水的途径、提高光催化反应效率以及光催化剂的开发研究进行了综述。     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Control of the enantioselectivity of alkylation of phenylalanine derivatives by regulation of the aggregate structure of chiral enolate intermediates

Two strategies were introduced for the control of enantioselectivity of alkylation of phenylalanine derivatives by regulation of the aggregate structure of chiral enolate intermediates. Use of amino acid-dimers, 6 and 15, was effective to minimize solvent- and electrophile-dependency of enantioselectivity of the alkylation. α-Allylation of 20 proceeded in improved selectivity of 82-88% ee under the control of aggregation of the intermediary enolate.