电爆炸丝断路开关性能实验研究

详细研究了初始能量、电爆炸丝截面积和丝长度等参数对含电爆炸丝断路开关的电感储能脉冲功率调节系统输出电流、电压的影响,并将实验结果与数值模拟结果进行了比较,给出了相关的结果。实验结果表明初始能量爆炸丝参数对丝电流、丝电压的影响有一定的规律。     

爆炸去磁脉冲功率发生器的实验和理论计算

设计了两种结构的爆炸去磁脉冲功率发生器:炸药透镜平面波冲击加载圆柱形磁体和中心装药冲击加载圆环形磁体，磁体材料都采用Nd2Fe14B永磁体。进行了爆炸冲击加载实验，测量了爆炸去磁脉冲发生器的输出电流、电压以及Nd2Fe14B永磁体中的冲击波速度。通过对爆炸去磁脉冲功率发生器基本原理的分析，建立了感生电动势的理论计算方法。用Maxwell 3D电磁场分析软件，对Nd2Fe14B永磁体进行了静磁场分析，给出了Nd2Fe14B永磁体的磁场强度分布规律。实验结果表明:爆炸去磁脉冲功率发生器每匝线圈能够产生约67 V的感生电动势,对于0.56 H的电感负载能够输出脉宽78.3 s、峰值1 212 A的脉冲电流。     

炸药驱动强电流短路开关的研

由于电磁轨道炮和其它强电流装置中短路运行的需要,研制了一种条形炸药驱动的大电流闭合开关。利用爆炸成型技术使金属飞板负电极在炸药部件作用下,大面积地同时切断绝缘薄膜,嵌入另一电极模槽中构成牢固的接触。开关的绝缘强度大于30kV,电感(包括传输线)小于50nH,最大峰值电流达到400kA,闭合接触电阻小于0.1m,动作时间约为14us。对于开关的爆轰,撞击及变形过程进行了一维和二维数值模拟计算,并提出了一个描述爆炸开关行为的经验模型。利用这个模型进行电磁轨道炮整个系统的数值模拟,同实验结果符合较好。     

爆磁压缩技术综述

介绍了把炸药的化学能转换成电磁能的爆磁压缩技术，其中包括了爆磁压缩发生器的组成、运行原理和大量实验。结果表明：爆磁压缩发生器可在mm^3体积内建立1．99GA／m(25Moe)的强磁场；在nH电感性负载中产生超过250-266MA的脉冲大电流；几kg质量的爆磁压缩发生器能在5μH负载两端产生超过50kV的脉冲电压，经过爆炸丝、间隙闭合开关组成的功率调节组件后。可得到高于500kV的脉冲高电压。     

电感储能脉冲功率调节系统的研究

研制了一种小型的电感储能脉冲功率调节系统,它能把低阻抗的爆炸压缩装置的输出能量有效地转换成为适合于电子束和等离子体物理实验需要的高电压大功率脉冲。我们分析了以电爆炸丝断路开关为基础的电感储能功率调节系统,并给出了它的工作性能及实验结果。当储能电感的磁通量达到0.1Wb时,在40的负载电阻上可获得上升前沿为50ns、幅度大于600kV的脉冲电压。该系统结构紧凑,运行成本低,重复性好。已建立了该系统相应的理论模型和计算程序,数值模拟结果和实验结果一致。     

高压脉冲发生器介绍

高压脉冲发生器用于起爆火花式高压雷管,触发高压脉冲放电开关和Max发生器;也可作为小电流直流高压电源为高压储能网络充电。高压脉冲发生器有三类:GMF-Ⅰ型、GMF-Ⅱ型和GMF-Ⅲ型。Ⅰ型为通用型,在几十年爆轰物理实验中一直在应用。由于不断改进,技术成熟,是大型爆轰实验重要的     

爆炸箔电参数的测试方法

介绍了冲击片雷管桥箔爆炸的物理含义以及桥箔爆炸中电参数测量的重要性。利用电流测量线圈和高压探头等测试手段,系统测量了特定的点火装置在充电电压V0=7.3kV条件下几种不同尺寸桥箔的电爆炸参数,对实验数据进行了分析,得到了与实验用点火装置相匹配的桥箔尺寸。     

爆炸地震波模拟研究

基于能够描述爆炸地震波的非平稳随机过程模型进行爆炸地震波的模拟研究。基于爆炸地震能量守恒以及经验关系,提出了能够考虑装药量和爆距影响的爆炸地震波功率谱密度和幅值包络线模型,并且利用实测的爆炸试验数据,对模型参数进行标定,给出单点、两点（微差）和多点（微差）爆炸地震波实用模拟方法。结果表明模拟得到的爆炸地震波时程能够很好地再现爆炸地震波的一些特性。     

提高永磁陀螺电机效率的方法

永磁陀螺电机是一种取电机绕组反电势作为位置信号的无刷直流电机,通过锁相伺服电路的控制完成启动加速和恒速运行。首先推导了反电势控制的三相永磁陀螺电机电流、转矩、功率和效率等参数的计算公式,在此基础上说明了导通角的位置和大小对各种参数的影响,特别指出导通角(起始角～关断角)对电机效率有着非常明显的影响,然后提出用恒流源供电比用恒压源供电更有利于这种陀螺电机提高效率。最后以一个实际电机为例说明在导通角相同的条件下,恒流源供电较恒压源供电的电机效率提高10%,可达到98%以上。     

多级柱面炸药内爆磁通量压缩技术研究

柱面内爆磁通量压缩发生器是利用炸药内爆压缩其内部磁通量至轴线附近小体积内从而实现超高磁场,传统的单级装置因受到金属套筒内爆失稳等影响性能指标受限。开展了多级内爆磁压缩技术研究,突破多项关键技术,包括研制特殊结构的密绕螺线管、脉冲功率源及大电流放电开关等,具备在直径135 mm套筒空间内实现20 T以上初始磁场产生能力,并建立了动态磁光测量系统。利用磁流体力学编码SSS-MHD开展多级装置设计,计算显示,设计的多级装置能够将约42%的初始磁通量压缩至轴线附近直径7 mm的空间内。最终研制成功多级内爆磁压缩装置CJ-150,在亚立方厘米以上空间实现轴向峰值磁场强度906 T,数据不确定度5.35%。10余发动态考核实验显示,CJ-150装置工作稳定,能够满足物理实验需要。利用经实验验证的磁流体模型计算显示,CJ-150具备1 000 T以上超强磁场产生能力,能够对大尺寸样品实现500 GPa以上的准等熵加载。     

高能量爆磁压缩电流发生器理论分析与实验研究

根据多分支爆磁压缩电流发生器的电路方程,建立了多分支爆磁压缩电流发生器的等效电路模型,并利用该模型优化设计了一种长600mm、直径120mm、总质量10kg且具有高能量输出的爆磁压缩装置8 7A。实验结果表明,8 7A型装置能在360nH电感性负载上产生峰值为512kA的脉冲电流,储能45.8kJ,能量放大90倍。     

Crack synchronization of chaotic circuits under field coupling

Nonlinear electric devices are important and essential for setting circuits so that chaotic outputs or periodical series can be generated. Chaotic circuits can be mapped into dimensionless dynamical systems by using scale transformation, and thus, synchronization control can be further investigated in numerical way. In case of synchronization approach, resistor is often used to bridge two chaotic circuits and gap junction connection is used to realize possible synchronization. In fact, complex electromagnetic effect in circuits should be considered when the capacitor and inductor (inductance coil) are attacked by high-frequency signals or noise-like disturbance. In this paper, two chaotic circuits are connected by using voltage coupling (via resistor) and triggering mutual induction electromotive force, which time-varying magnetic field is generated in the inductance coils. Therefore, magnetic field coupling is realized between two isolate inductance coils and induction electromotive force is generated to adjust the oscillation in circuits. It is found that field coupling can modulate the synchronization behaviors of chaotic circuits. In case of periodical oscillating state, the synchronization between two periodical circuits under voltage coupling is destroyed when field coupling is considered. Furthermore, the synchronization between chaotic circuits becomes more difficult when field coupling is triggered. Open problems for this topic are proposed for further investigation.     

Adaptive synchronization of T-S fuzzy complex networks with time-varying delays via the pinning control method

In this paper, the synchronization of Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy complex networks with time-varying delays and adaptive coupling weights is studied. Using the pinning control and adaptive feedback strategy, a new general class of complex networks with fuzzy logic is proposed and its synchronization is investigated in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The adaptive update law of coupling weight is only related to the dynamical behaviors of directly connected nodes. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory, it is proven that the synchronization of the addressed network can be achieved under those control strategies. Finally, two numerical examples are given to verify the effectiveness of our theoretical results.     

爆炸式电磁感应脉冲发生器

为了探索脉冲发生器新的技术方法,在传统脉冲发生器的基础上,提出了一种依靠爆炸驱动的电磁感应脉冲发生器。介绍了发生器的工作过程,对发生器中炸药的爆炸和冲击过程进行了计算和数值模拟,建立了带有初始电压和初始静磁场的发生器的工作电路模型,得出了感应电压的计算方法。设计了一种通过永磁体提供初始静磁场的脉冲发生器,并分别对装有两种不同炸药的发生器进行了实验。实验表明:爆速较高的炸药驱动发生器可产生峰值更高的电压脉冲。实验结果偏低于计算结果,原因是理论计算中简化了磁芯磁场和冲击波速度。     

六分圆爆炸逻辑网络研究

本工作以随机定向战斗部为应用背景，研究了六分圆爆炸逻辑网络及其爆炸逻辑元件，以及相关的接口匹配技术。给出了爆炸二极管、同步型爆炸与门和异步型爆炸与门的设计原理和相关参数的安全性／可靠性概率窗，分析了六分圆爆炸逻辑网络设计中的元件选择、与战斗部的配合、与引信的配合等技术问题。试验检验表明，六分圆爆炸逻辑网络的输出状态完全达到预期的要求。     

Piezoelectric generator based on torsional modes for power harvesting from angular vibrations

Torsional vibration of a circular piezoelectric shell of polarized ceramics mounted on a rotationally vibrating base is analyzed. The shell is properly electroded and connected to a circuit such that an electric output is generated. The structure analyzed represents a piezoelectric generator for converting mechanical energy from angular vibrations to electrical energy. Analytical expressions and numerical results for the output voltage, current, power, efficiency and power density are given.     

Development of localized arc filament RF plasma actuators for high-speed and high Reynolds number flow control

Recently developed localized arc filament plasma actuators (LAFPAs) have shown tremendous control authority in high-speed and high Reynolds number flow for mixing enhancement and noise mitigation. Previously, these actuators were powered by a high-voltage pulsed DC plasma generator with low energy coupling efficiency of 5–10%. In the present work, a new custom-designed 8-channel pulsed radio frequency (RF) plasma generator has been developed to power up to 8 plasma actuators operated over a wide range of forcing frequencies (up to 50 kHz) and duty cycles (1–50%), and at high energy coupling efficiency (up to 80–85%). This reduces input electrical power requirements by approximately an order of magnitude, down to 12 W per actuator operating at 10% duty cycle. The new pulsed RF plasma generator is scalable to a system with a large number of channels. Performance of pulsed RF plasma actuators used for flow control was studied in a Mach 0.9 circular jet with a Reynolds number of about 623,000 and compared with that of pulsed DC actuators. Eight actuators were distributed uniformly on the perimeter of a 2.54-cm diameter circular nozzle extension. Both types of actuators coupled approximately the same amount of power to the flow, but with drastically different electrical inputs to the power supplies. Particle image velocimetry measurements showed that jet centerline Mach number decay produced by DC and RF actuators operating at the same forcing frequencies and duty cycles is very similar. At a forcing Strouhal number near 0.3, close to the jet column instability frequency, well-organized periodic structures, with similar patterns and dimensions, were generated in the jets forced by both DC and RF actuators. Far-field acoustic measurements demonstrated similar trends in the overall sound pressure level (OASPL) change produced by both types of actuators, resulting in OASPL reduction up to 1.2–1.5 dB in both cases. We conclude that pulsed RF actuators demonstrate flow control authority similar to pulsed DC actuators, with a significantly reduced power budget.     

磁驱动准等熵加载装置CQ-4的加载能力及主要应用

利用脉冲大电流与其自身磁场相互作用产生磁压实现对样品平面等熵压缩,是国外新发展起来的动高压加载技术。CQ-4装置是在自然科学基金仪器专项资助下,建立的国内首套可实现110GPa等熵压缩,宏观金属飞片发射达15km/s的紧凑型脉冲功率装置。本文重点介绍该装置的主要性能和加载能力,以及基于其上开展的材料高压本构、相变、未反应炸药等力学行为等应用研究情况。     

Nonlinear dynamic singularity analysis of two interconnected synchronous generator system with 1:3 internal resonance and parametric principal resonance

The bifurcation analysis of a simple electric power system involving two synchronous generators connected by a transmission network to an infinite-bus is carried out in this paper. In this system, the infinite-bus voltage are considered to maintain two fluctuations in the amplitude and phase angle. The case of 1:3 internal resonance between the two modes in the presence of parametric principal resonance is considered and examined. The method of multiple scales is used to obtain the bifurcation equations of this system. Then, by employing the singularity method, the transition sets determining different bifurcation patterns of the system are obtained and analyzed, which reveal the effects of the infinite-bus voltage amplitude and phase fluctuations on bifurcation patterns of this system. Finally, the bifurcation patterns are all examined by bifurcation diagrams. The results obtained in this paper will contribute to a better understanding of the complex nonlinear dynamic behaviors in a two-machine infinite-bus (TMIB) power system.     

Effects of information transmission delay and channel blocking on synchronization in scale-free Hodgkin-Huxley neuronal networks

In this paper,we investigate the evolution of spatiotemporal patterns and synchronization transitions in dependence on the information transmission delay and ion channel blocking in scale-free neuronal networks.As the underlying model of neuronal dynamics,we use the Hodgkin-Huxley equations incorporating channel blocking and intrinsic noise.It is shown that delays play a significant yet subtle role in shaping the dynamics of neuronal networks.In particular,regions of irregular and regular propagating excitatory fronts related to the synchronization transitions appear intermittently as the delay increases.Moreover,the fraction of working sodium and potassium ion channels can also have a significant impact on the spatiotemporal dynamics of neuronal networks.As the fraction of blocked sodium channels increases,the frequency of excitatory events decreases,which in turn manifests as an increase in the neuronal synchrony that,however,is dysfunctional due to the virtual absence of large-amplitude excitations.Expectedly,we also show that larger coupling strengths improve synchronization irrespective of the information transmission delay and channel blocking.The presented results are also robust against the variation of the network size,thus providing insights that could facilitate understanding of the joint impact of ion channel blocking and information transmission delay on the spatiotemporal dynamics of neuronal networks.