5—Br—PADAP双波长系数补偿吸光光度法测定钯铑

本文研究了5-Br-PADAP与Pd、Ru的显色反应,加入OP增溶,CTMAB作稳定剂,在pH3.1～4.5形成1:1的橙色络合物,ε_(pd)=4.3×10~5,ε_(pd)=1.3×10~5,表观稳定常数k′_(pd)=6.0×10~7,k′_(Rd)=1.52×10~5。Pd在0～1.01μg/25ml及Ru在0～2.2μg/25ml范围内符合比耳定律,最大吸收波长λ_(pd)=488nm,λ_(Rd)=484nm。本文采用系数补偿法捉高了双波长光度法的灵敏度,于Pd、Ru混合液中同时测定Pd、Ru,回收率分别为97.07％和100.9％。结果令人满意。     

以盐酸肼还原天青I催化光度法测定痕量钼

基于天青Ⅰ与盐酸肼氧化还原反应钼的催化活性,拟定了测定痕量钼新的动力学方法。本法钼的检测限为6×10~(-4)μg/ml,可测定浓度范围为1×10~(-3)～9×10~(-1)μg Mo/ml。本法可用于井水、温泉水和废水中钼的测定。     

丁基罗丹明B-碲钼杂多酸缔合显色反应的研究

本文研究了在聚乙烯醇(PVA)存在下,丁基罗丹明B(BRB)与碲钼杂多酸的离子缔合显色反应,碲钼杂多酸在0.025～0.075 mol/L硫酸溶液中形成丁基罗丹明B-碲钼杂多酸离子缔合物。形成酸度为1.26～2.16 mol/L硫酸,钼酸铵、丁基罗丹明B及PVA的适宜条件分别4.6×10~(-3)mol/,5.3×10~(-5) mol/L和0.16％。缔合物最大吸收波长为570 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε值为3.2×10~5 L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),符合比耳定律范围0～16μg Te/25ml。探讨了反应机理,用平衡移动法确定缔合物的摩尔比为Te:Mo:BRB=1:7:2,缔合物的可能化学式为(BRB)_2[TeMo_7O_(24)]。方法已用于烟尘中碲的测定,结果满意。     

新试剂APDNBT双波长法光度测定痕量银

报道了以1-(4-安替比林基)-3-(2,4二硝基苯基)三氮烯(APDNBT)作显色剂,用双波长法光度测定痕量Ag(I)的显色条件.在Tween-80存在和pH为10.5～12.5范围,试剂与Ag(I)形成1:1的黄色配合物,其对试剂空白在478nm和548nm有最大和最负吸收峰,双波长法光度测定时,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.1×10~5.符合比耳定律的线性范围为0～12μg/25ml.方法用于合成试样及照相显影液中银含量的测定,回收率为97%～102%,相对标准偏差小于3.3%.     

在增溶剂存在下硫氰酸盐-结晶紫光度法测定微量钨

在明胶存在下,钨与硫氰酸盐和结晶紫生成可溶性三元缔合物,最大吸收波长为540nm,表现摩尔吸光系数为4.1×10~5 L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),钨在0～11μg/25ml范围内服从比尔定律。方法已用于测定岩石中微量钨。     

DMTADAT光度法钴、钯同时测定的研究

本文提出,在高氯酸介质中,以5-(4,5-二甲基噻唑偶氮)-2.4-二氨基-甲苯(简称DMTADAT)作为显色剂进行钴,钯同时测定的新方法。在实验条件下,钴、钯与试剂形成配合物的摩尔吸光系数为ε_(CoL2)~(605)=9.3×10~4,ε_(PdL)~(610)=5.4×10~4。钴在0～10μg/25ml,钯在0～35μg/25ml浓度范围内服从比尔定律。所拟方法已成功地应用于矿样中钴、钯的同时测定。     

锌-5-Br-PADAP-Zeph全差示分光光度法测定锌

本文研究了锌-5-Br-PADAP-Zeph三元络合体系的显色反应,其最佳显色酸度为pH6.5～7.5,最大吸收波长为560nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=1.25×10~5、组成比为Zn:5-Br-PADAP=1:4。锌量在0～20μg/25mL范围内符合比尔定律。络合物显色迅速并至少可稳定2小时。以下共存离子(以μg计)对10μg锌的测定无干扰:Mo,ca,Mg,Li(1000),W(500),Al,Cr,V,Mn,Fe,As,Ce(200),Pb(100),Bi(50),Zr(20),Cu(15),Ni(10),Sb(2.5),Ti(1.0);So_4~(2-),PO_4~(3-),F-无     

α、β、γ、δ-四(4-三甲氨基苯基)卟啉与钌(Ⅲ)显色反应的研究

本文研究了α、β、γ、δ-四(4-三甲氨基苯基)卟啉(简称TAPP)和钌的显色反应。其最大的吸收波长位于436nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为5。25×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),钉的浓度在0～2.5μg/10ml范围内服从比尔定律,络合物的组成比为Ru:TAPP=1:1。该法用于合成矿样分析,结果满意。     

银碘络阴离子-丁基罗丹明B-吐温-80体系双波长分光光度法测定岩矿中痕量银

方法基于CAgI_3]~(2-)络阴离子与丁基罗丹明B形成离子缔合物,用非离子表面活性剂吐温-80实现增溶增稳。提出了一个高灵敏度的双波长分光光度测定银的方法。缔合物最大吸收波长为605nm,负峰波长为555nm,摩尔吸光系数为3.26×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),0～8μgAg/25ml符合比耳定律。用于岩矿中痕量银的测定,结果满意。     

1-(4-安替比林)-3-(4-硝苯基)-三氮烯与镉(Ⅱ)的显色反应研究及其应用

本文研究了题示试剂的一些性质及其与镉的显色反应。在TritonX-100存在下,pH为11.8～12.8时,镉(Ⅱ)与试剂生成黄色的1∶2型络合物,最大吸收位于454nm,而在536nm处,试剂与络合物吸收的差值最大。以454nm为参比波长,536nm为测量波长时,ε=2.32×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),线性范围。0～10μg/25ml。以双波长法成功地测定了人发中的镉含量,加入回收率为99％～102%,方法的相对标准偏差为0.87％。     

三波长分光光度法研究：Ⅰ.K系数法测定混合三组份

本文提出利用三波长分光光度法测定混合三组份中的单一组份。在适宜的测量波长组合下,使共存的两种干扰组份的差吸光度为零,消除其干拢,而△A=A_(λ1)-K(A_(λ2)+A_(λ3))只与待测组份的浓度成正比。可直接测定三种组份或某一组份,无需进行分离和繁杂的计算,简便实用,可获得较好的准确度和精密度。讨论了选择波长组合的方法,并编制了程序,用计算机来选择最佳波长组合。     

Spectrophotometric investigation of protolytic equilibria of rutin

The dissociation constants of rutin in aqueous-methanol medium (6040 v/v), the values of which are pK₁=–2.92±0.06, pK₂=6.72±0.11, pK₃=8.26±0.05, pK₄=12.57±0.09, were estimated by using the spectrophotometric method. They were ascribed to the dissociation of protonated oxygen atom at position 1 and then to hydroxyl groups at positions 7, 4', 5, respectively. Resonance structures of H₃L^– ion of rutin were suggested and, by using them, the greater dissociability of the hydroxyl group at position 7 in relation to the –OH group at position 4' was explained.     

薯蓣皂甙元的分光光度法测定

本文以黄姜为主要对象研究了薯蓣皂甙元的定量测定方法，以香荚兰醛－高氯酸为显色剂，冰醋酸为溶剂，使皂甙元显色，用分光光度法在波长为５３０ｎｍ处测定薯蓣皂甙元的含量。从植物中提取的皂甙元不需分离可直接测定。在１．００～２０．００ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内呈良好的线性关系。     

钍(Ⅳ)铬天青B-氯化十六烷基吡啶络合显色反应的研究

钍(Ⅳ)的光度法测定前人已有研究。本文系统地研究了在阳离子表面活性剂氯化十六烷基吡啶(CPC)存在下,Th(Ⅳ)与CAB显色反应的条件及光谱性能。实验结果表明,在pH5.0的邻苯二甲酸氢钾—氢氧化钠缓冲体系中,Th(Ⅳ)与CAB和CPC形成稳定的绿色     

用紫外光度法测定扑草净粉剂中扑草净含量的研究

扑草净（ｐｒｏｍｅｔｒｙｎｅ）化学名为２,４－二异丙氨基－６－甲疏基－均三嗪,是一种常用的除草剂,具有毒性低,选择性好的特点,目前己用于多种作物的杂草防治。扑草净的定量测定常用气相色谱法和电位滴定法。由于电位滴定法操作麻烦、结果不准确,色谱法又因仪器设备价格较贵而使用有限。寻找简易、快速的扑草净测定具有重要意义。我们根据扑草净在紫外光区２２１ｎｍ处有特征吸收峰的性质,建立了一种用紫外分光光度法测定扑草净的新方法,方法用于农药扑草净粉剂中扑草净含量的测定,结果令人满意。１实验部分１．１主要仪器和试…     

分光光度法测定汽油中的磷

提出了用磷钒钼酸分光光度法测定汽油中磷含量的方法，通过对汽油中可能存在的共存离子干扰进行了考察，确定了最佳测试条件。对合成标准样品分析，其相对误差小于±３．０％，相对标准偏差小于２．３％，对实际样品进行分析并进行了加标回收试验，磷回收率达到９８．８％～１０３．９％。是一种快速、可靠测定汽油中磷含量的方法。     

Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of Zinc(II) and Nickel(II) with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol

A new procedure for the simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of Zn(II) and Ni(II) with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol as chromogenic reagent has been developed. It is based on resolution of the mixed spectrum over the wavelength range 530–590 nm by applying a least-squares fitting program to standard spectra from each component. The spectra are recorded at an apparent pH of 5.0, provided by an acetate buffer in a mixed 6040 v/v 2-ethoxyethanol/water medium. The relative standard deviations for determination of 13.7 g of Ni and 31.0 g of Zn were 1.9 and 1.0%, respectively (8 replications). The method has been applied to the analysis of iron surfaces coated with a Zn-Ni alloy. The results are compared with those obtained by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry.     

Difference spectrophotometric determination of some pharmaceutically important thioxanthene derivatives in dosage forms

A Spectrophotometric method is described for the rapid determination of four thioxanthene derivatives, namely chlorprothixene, thiothixene, flupenthixol hydrochloride and clopenthixol hydrochloride. The method is based on measuring the first derivative spectrum (D ₁) of the oxidized drug relative to a solution of the underivatized drug. At the wavelength of maximum difference in first derivative (range 285–315 nm), only the oxidation products have an appreciable difference in first derivative and the oxidizing agent has no absorbance. The oxidation products (assumed to be the thioxanthone sulphoxides) are formed rapidly at room temperature by the addition of peroxyacetic acid, prepared by the slow reaction of hydrogen peroxide and glacial acetic acid. The first derivative of the absorbance is proportional to the concentration of the drugs in solution over the ranges 2–14 g ml^–1 for chloroprothixene, 2–20 g ml^–1 for clopenthixol hydrochloride, 2–24 g ml^–1 for thiothixene and 4–40 g ml^–1 for flupenthixol hydrochloride. The method is specific for the intact drug and can be adopted in the presence of oxidative and photochemical decomposition products and tablet excipients. The recoveries ranged from 99.7 ± 1.3 to 100.2 ± 1.5%. The validity of the method was tested by analysing synthetic samples of thioxanthenes and some dosage forms containing the drugs; the results were in accordance with those given by the official methods.     

双波长和三波长分光光度法同时测定乙醛酸和乙二醛

利用醛基的成肟反应，用双波长法，三波长法同时测定乙醛酸、乙二醛的含量。它们的回收率分别为１００．９％－１０２．３％（ｎ＝６）和９６．８％－１０３．０％（ｎ＝１１）。