关于 S.Karlin 的一个猜测

<正> 一个实变复值函数 y(x)称为是一个 r 阶的指数多项式,如果它可以表示为y=P_1(x)e~(α_1x)+P_2(x)e~(α_2x)+…+P_k(x)e~αk~x),其中α_1,α_2,…,α_k 是两两不同的复数,P_1,P_2,…,P_k 是 x 的多项式,其次数 deg P_i=r_i-1,并且 sum from i=1 to k r_i=r.设 n 是一个正整数.如果 f 是一个 n 阶的指数多项式,那么,其 Hankel 行列式     

集论公理的简约与基数的方幂

如命 tran_R m 指(uRv ∧usm→·usm),而 xR_*y 指m(tran_Rm∧ysm→·xsm),则集论的六条公理(对偶、联集、幂集、分出、替换、无穷)可合并为一条:x!yφ(x,y)→sy(yssx(xs_*axp_*b·φ(x,y)),这里“!y”指“最多只有一个 y”,而 xpb 指“x 为 b 的幂集”.给定无穷基数 a 后,可定义:f_0(α)=μβ(α~β>α),σ_0(α)=μγ(γ~(f_0(α))>α);f_(k 1)(a)=μβ(γ<σ_k(α))γ~β>α,σ_(k 1)(α)=μγ(γ~(f_(k 1)(α))>α).则有定理:当1≤βγ,则有:当g(δ)≤α≤g(δ)~β时α~β=g(δ)~β,对此外的α,则必α~β=α.     

Extracting outer function part from Hardy space function

Any analytic signal fa(e~(it)) can be written as a product of its minimum-phase signal part(the outer function part) and its all-phase signal part(the inner function part). Due to the importance of such decomposition, Kumarasan and Rao(1999), implementing the idea of the Szeg?o limit theorem(see below),proposed an algorithm to obtain approximations of the minimum-phase signal of a polynomial analytic signal fa(e~(it)) = e~(iN0t)M∑k=0a_k~(eikt),(0.1)where a_0≠ 0, a_M≠ 0. Their method involves minimizing the energy E(f_a, h_1, h_2,..., h_H) =1/(2π)∫_0~(2π)|1+H∑k=1h_k~(eikt)|~2|fa(e~(it))|~2dt(0.2) with the undetermined complex numbers hk's by the least mean square error method. In the limiting procedure H →∞, one obtains approximate solutions of the minimum-phase signal. What is achieved in the present paper is two-fold. On one hand, we rigorously prove that, if fa(e~(it)) is a polynomial analytic signal as given in(0.1),then for any integer H≥M, and with |fa(e~(it))|~2 in the integrand part of(0.2) being replaced with 1/|fa(e~(it))|~2,the exact solution of the minimum-phase signal of fa(e~(it)) can be extracted out. On the other hand, we show that the Fourier system e~(ikt) used in the above process may be replaced with the Takenaka-Malmquist(TM) system, r_k(e~(it)) :=((1-|α_k|~2e~(it))/(1-α_ke~(it))~(1/2)∏_(j=1)~(k-1)(e~(it)-α_j/(1-α_je~(it))~(1/2), k = 1, 2,..., r_0(e~(it)) = 1, i.e., the least mean square error method based on the TM system can also be used to extract out approximate solutions of minimum-phase signals for any functions f_a in the Hardy space. The advantage of the TM system method is that the parameters α_1,..., α_n,...determining the system can be adaptively selected in order to increase computational efficiency. In particular,adopting the n-best rational(Blaschke form) approximation selection for the n-tuple {α_1,..., α_n}, n≥N, where N is the degree of the given rational analytic signal, the minimum-phase part of a rational analytic signal can be accurately and efficiently extracted out.     

关于对称平均数定理及其应用

我们把n个正数α_1,α_2,…,α_n的k次对称平均数定义为其中k≤n为正整数;根号内分子部分是n个正数每次不重复地取k个的乘积之和,共有C_n~k项。为简单计,我们把(1)记为∑_n~k(α_1,α_2,…α_n),或者有时就记为∑_n~k。显然, ∑_n~1(α_1,α_2,…α_n)=(α_1 α_2 ……α_n)/n即为n个正数的算术平均数,而∑_n~n(α_1,α_2,…α_n)=则是n个正数的几何平均数。本文先介绍有关n个正数的k次对称平均数的重要性质的两个定理,然后给出它的一些应用。首先,我们证明定理1.(∑_n~k)~(?)k≥(∑_n~(k 1))~(k 1)·(∑_n~(k-1))~(k-1)(k=1,2,…,n-1) (这里规定∑_n~0=1)。证明.为书写方便,记(∑_n~k)~k=P_n~k。因而我们要证明的就是 (P_n~k)~2≥P_n~(k 1)·P_n~(k-1)(P_n~0=1,k=1,2,…n-1)     

Kantorovich型Meyer-K(o)nig-Zeller算子的点态逼近定理

1引 言 1960年Meyer-K(o)nig W.和Zeller K.在[6]中提出了Meyer-K(o)nig-Zeller算子 Mn(f,x)=∞∑k=0f(k/(n+k))mn,k(x),0≤x＜1,Mn(f,1):=f(1),mn,k(x)=(n+kk)xk(1-x)n+1,在[1,2,5,7,9,10,12]中对于此算子的逼近性质及各种修正了的Meyer-K(o)nig-Zeller算子作了研究,其中重要的变形是Kantorovich型的积分算子： M*n(f;x)=∞∑k=0((n+k)(n+k+1))/n∫(k+1)/(n+k+1)k/(n+k)f(u)dumn,k(x),x∈[0,),其中Mn(f,1)：＝f(1),mn,k(x)＝(n+kk)xk(1+x)n+1,mn,-1(x)：=0. V.Totik在[8]中给出了M*n(f;x)的Lp-逼近(1≤p＜∞),王建力在[11]研究了其加权Lp-逼近(1≤p＜∞).本文引进新的K+泛函,利用Ditzian-Totik模ω2ψ(f,t)研究了该算子的点态逼近性质,得到了它的逼近正、逆及等价定理.     

有限型的首次返回例外集的测度和维数北大核心CSCD

设M=(m_(ij))是一个b×b阶矩阵且m_(ij)∈{0,1},∑_(M)是矩阵M=(m_(ij))诱导产生的有限型,σ是其上左推移算子.本文主要研究的是有限型动力系统(∑_(M),σ)上的首次返回速度问题.令τ_(k)(x)是点x∈∑_(M)首次返回到包含x的k阶柱集时间,且E_(α,β)={x∈∑_(M):lim inf_(k→∞)(logτ_(k)(x))/k=α,lim sup_(k→∞)(logτ_(k)(x))/k=β}.我们证明了:当M是不可约矩阵时,对任意0≤α≤β≤+∞,集合E_(α,β)的Markov测度要么等于0要么等于1并且具有满的Hausdorff维数.     

关于亚纯函数的奇异方向

本文讨论了无穷级亚纯函数结合导数涉及重值的奇异方向,得出如下结果:定理 设f(z)为|z|<∞中的亚纯函数,其级ρ(r)为熊庆来无穷级,则必存在从原点发出的半直线 B:arg z=θ_0(0≤θ_0<2π)具有如下性质:对于任意的正整数 l,p,k;任意的正数 ε 及一切有穷复数 α,β(β≠0),若((2+1/k)(k+2)-2)/l+((2+2/k)(k+1))/p<1,则有(?)(log{(?)_(l-1)(r,θ_0,ε,f=α)+(?)_(p-1)(r,θ_0,ε,f~((k))=β))/(ρ(r)logr)=1     

逼近转化论和泛系逼近论(Ⅳ)

Theorem 1 If 1≤p≤∞, f∈W_p~(l)(D), then ω_k(δ,f,W_p~(l)(D))≤c(‖f‖_(l)_p),if f∈C~〔k+l〕(D), then ω_k(δ, f,W_p~(l)(D))≤c(δ~kmax‖(D)~(k)f‖_(()p)), where c is independent of δ≥0 and f. Theorem 2 If f∈W_p~(r)H_M~(a)(〔a,b〕)is of period b-a<∞, then ‖f‖_((s)t)≤cM~d‖f‖_((u)υ)~e, where d=δ/θ, e=(θ-δ)/θ, p≥1, t≥υ≥1, r>s≥u, δ=s-u+     

一类特殊形状函数的原函数的求法

本文给出函数 P(x)e~(αx)cosβx+Q(x)e~(αx)sinβx的原函数的一种求法,其中P(x)与Q(x)为多项式,α与β为常数,至少有一个不等于零。所给方法计算比较简单,也比较有规律。 1.∫P(x)e~(αx)dx的计算。设P(x)为n次多项式,把P(x)写成:我们研究函数P(x)e~(αx)是否有形如R(x)e~(αx):的函数为原函数。设有 [R(x)e~(αx)]′=P(x)e~(αx),(3)则 [R′(x)+αR(x)]e~(αx)=P(x)e~(αx),即 R′(x)+αR(x)=P(x)。(3′)将R(x)与P(x)的表达式(1)与(2)代入式(3′),得由于式(3″)对x为恒等式,故x的同次冪的系数相等,即由上式中解出α_0与α_k,得由(4)确定的α_k(k=0,1,2,…,n)满足式(3′),因而满足式(3)。所以我们证明了对函数P(x)e~(αx)存在着形如R(x)e~(αx)的函数为其原函数。由于α_0=c_0/α≠0,故R(x)的次数与P(x)的次数相同,而且R(x)的系数     

一类加强不等式的推广

本文给出了 n个正数 x1 ,x2 ,… ,xn 的如下不等式 :∏nk=1( xαk+x-αk )≥ ( Aαn( x) +A-αn ( x) ) n ,每个 xk≤ xα,∏nk=1( xαk+x-αk )≤ ( Aαn( x) +A-αn ( x) ) n ,每个 xk≥ e.其中 α>0 ,xα=[4α2 +1 +2 α]12α ,常数 e=2 .71 81 82 81 8… ,An( x) =1n∑nk=1xk.     

高阶加权微分算子谱的离散性

本文研究了加权的高阶微分算子的谱. 利用分解的方法和不等式的估计, 得到了一些高阶对称微分算子的任何自共轭扩张的谱离散的充分条件, 推广了 Pfeiffer , Sun, Glazman 等人的结果,利用这些结果可以判别某些微分算子谱的离散性.     

On Bounds for Spectra of Operator Pencils in a Hilbert Space

A class of pencils(operator-valued functions of a complex argument) in a separeble Hilbert space is considered.Bounds for the spectra are derived.Applications to differential operators,integral operators with delay and in finite matrix pencils are discussed.     

M ‐elliptic pseudo‐differential operators on L p (ℝn )

We construct the minimal and maximal extensions in L ^p (?ⁿ ), 1 < p < ∞, for M ‐elliptic pseudo‐differential operators initiated by Garello and Morando. We prove that they are equal and determine the domains of the minimal, and hence maximal, extensions of M ‐elliptic pseudo‐differential operators. For M ‐elliptic pseudodifferential operators with constant coefficients, the spectra and essential spectra are computed. An application to quantization is given. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

一类新型非正规算子的谱分析

本文引入了一类新型非正规算子,即具复谱的u-标算子.证明了该类算子具有Jordan型分解,讨论了u-标算子与标型谱算子的关系,并通过例子说明了该类算子的构造.     

一类具有离散谱的对称微分算子

研究了一类2n-阶线性微分算子在加权Hilbert空间中的谱.通过对加权Sobolev空间H     

An Invertibility Criterion in a C*-Algebra Acting on the Hardy Space with Applications to Composition Operators

In this paper, we prove an invertibility criterion for certain operators which is given as a linear algebraic combination of Toeplitz operators and Fourier multipliers acting on the Hardy space of the unit disc. Very similar to the case of Toeplitz operators, we prove that such operators are invertible if and only if they are Fredholm and their Fredholm index is zero. As an application, we prove that for “quasi-parabolic” composition operators the spectra and the essential spectra are equal.     

On recovering Sturm—Liouville operators on graphs

Sturm—Liouville differential operators on compact graphs are studied. We establish properties of the spectral characteristics and investigate three inverse problems of recovering the operator from the so-called Weyl functions, from discrete spectral data, and from a system of spectra. For these inverse problems, we prove uniqueness theorems and obtain procedures for constructing the solutions by the method of spectral mappings.     

Euler微分算子谱是离散的充分必要条件

本文在研究一类高阶微分算子谱的离散性的基础上研究了2n阶实系数Euler微分算式生成的对称微分算子,进一步完善了自伴Euler微分算子的谱是离散的充分必要条件.     

Numerical Approaches to Compute Spectra of Non-Self Adjoint Operators and Quadratic Pencils

In this article we are interested in the numerical computation of spectra of non-self adjoint quadratic operators. This leads to solve nonlinear eigenvalue problems. We begin with a review of theoretical results for the spectra of quadratic operators, especially for the Schrödinger pencils. Then we present the numerical methods developed to compute the spectra: spectral methods and finite difference discretization, in infinite or in bounded domains. The numerical results obtained are analyzed and compared with the theoretical results. The main difficulty here is that we have to compute eigenvalues of strongly non-self-adjoint operators which are very unstable.     

Subordination and superordination properties for a class of integral operators

In the present paper, we obtain some subordination- and superordinatiompreserving properties of certain integral operators defined on the space of normalized analytic functions in the open unit disk. The sandwich-type theorems for these integral operators are also considered.