Mikhailov's experiments on detection of magnetic charge

In a reanalysis of Mikhailov's experiments, it is argued that observations of magnetic chargeg=(1/2)(1/137)(1/3)e on ferromagnetic aerosols are incorrect. Future experiments of the type conducted by Mikhailov must take into an account the component of particle velocity orthogonal toE andH. It is shown that Mikhailov's data are consistent with the existence of a Dirac unit of magnetic chargeg=(137/2)e found in meson spectroscopy.     

Paschen-Back effect in dyonium

A formulation of the Pashen-Back effect in dyonium is discussed to explain the recent evidence for a magnetic monopole of mass 2397 MeV and Dirac chargeg=(137/2)e. The masses for isospinI=0 mesons are estimated and compared with experiment.     

Wormhole solutions in the Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs system: Solution of first-order equations forG=SU(2)

For anSU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs model we study the extreme wormhole solutions. We use an iterative method based on expansion in the radial distanceN from the boundary of the hole. Here we present the nontrivial solutions of the first-order equations. They give useful information about existing extremal wormholes. Especially we note that although the zero-order solution which we use is abelian, this is not the case for all solutions of first-order equations. The method employed in solving these equations is to expand all first-order fields in the appropriate generalized harmonics. We find a non-abelian solution if the value of the Higgs scalar at the horizon is equal to the Planck mass and if the magnetic chargeb and the electric chargee of the hole satisfyb=1/e.Work supported by Schweizerischer Nationalfonds.     

The phase-free, longitudinal magnetic component of vacuum electromagnetism

A chargeq moving in a reference laboratory system with constant velocityV in theX-axis produces in theZ-axis a longitudinal, phase-free, vacuum magnetic field which is identified as the radiatedB ⁽³⁾ field of Evans, Vigier and others.     

Note on the kinetic energy inequality leading to Lieb's negative ionization upper bound

The kinetic energy inequality is alternatively proved which yields Lieb's boundN < 2Z + 1 on the maximum negative ionization of an atom with nucleus chargeZ andN electrons when the kinetic energy operator is the nonrelativistic or relativistic magnetic Schrödinger operator. It is seen to follow from the free case where the vector potential vanishes. The proof applies to the Weyl quantized relativistic magnetic Schrödinger operator as well.Research partially supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research Nos. 04640141 and 05640165, Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Japanese Government.     

Nonadiabatic screening of proton charges in the case of tunneling methyl groups in external magnetic field

The equation of motion corresponding to methyl groups embedded in solid lattices and reorienting around their symmetry axes is considered in the presence of external magnetic field. It is known that the Born-Oppenheimer approximation does not describe the electronic screening of the magnetic field as seen by the nuclei, i.e., the protons interact with the magnetic field with their bare charges. To obtain the screening, one has to include the non-adiabatic terms in the analysis. Using the rotating coordinate system fixed to the methyl group, we have shown that the effective chargeq, describing the interaction of the protons with the magnetic field, satisfiesq>0.24e (–e is the electron charge). The possibility of experimental verification is also discussed.     

Further evidence for magnetic charge from hadronic spectra

Schwinger's dyonium model of quarks is incorporated into a theory of the strong QCD and electromagnetic interactions. Vector bosons are shown to exist with masses obeying Nambu's empirical mass formulam _n=(n/2)137m _e,n a positive integer. The existence of a Dirac unit of magnetic chargeg=(137/2)ne is the basis for the Nambu formula and for the 70-MeV quantum in MacGregor's constituent-quark model. Frosch derived an empirical mass formula which contains the Nambu mass series as a subset.     

Dual field theory of strong interactions

A dual field theory of strong interactions is derived from a Lagrangian of the Yang-Mills and Higgs fields. The existence of a magnetic monopole of mass 2397 MeV and Dirac chargeg=(137/2)e is incorporated into the theory. Unification of the strong, weak, and electromagnetic forces is shown to converge at the mass of the intermediate vector bosonW ^±. The coupling constants of the strong and weak interactions are derived in terms of the fine-structure constant=1/137.     

Existence of magnetic charge

A status report is presented on the existence of quarks carrying the Dirac unit of magnetic chargeg = (137/2)e. The Paschen-Back effect in dyonium is discussed. From the dyonium model, Akers predicted the existence of a new meson at 1814 MeV withI ^G(J^PC) = 0⁺(0^–+). Experimental evidence now confirms the existence of the meson resonance.     

Dyon black hole and its mass formula in the Tomimatsu-Sato-Yamazaki space-time

It is shown that a dyon solution, characterized by five parameters (massM, angular momentumJ, electric chargeQ, magnetic charge Φ, and distortion parameter δ), has an event horizon for arbitrary odd integer δ and satisfies the Christodoulou-Ruffini mass formula.     

Fractionally charged non-leaking dyons and fermions in a bag

We consider a fermion of chargee confined to a spherical bag with a Dirac monopole of strengthg at its centre. We find that the boundary conditions making the lowest angular momentum hamiltonian self-adjoint are characterized by a unitary matrixU, and the corresponding vacuum charge has a fractional part 2|eg|α/π where detU = -exp (2iα). Boundary conditions for conservation of helicity,CP, CT andPT are displayed. We demonstrate the possibility of a fractionally charged dyon whose interaction with a fermion conserves helicity. We also show thatthe simultaneous validity of helicity, CP, CT and PT requires integer vacuum charge.     

Exact vacuum solutions of 4-dimensional metric-affine gauge theories of gravitation

We presenttwo exact spherically symmetric vacuum solutions of gauge theories of gravity on a spacetime with non metric-compatible connection. One of them is defined on a Weyl-Cartan spacetime and the other on a general metric-affine space. We consider Lagrangians which include terms quadratic in the irreducible parts of the curvature, the torsion, and the nonmetricity. The metric part of both solutions is of the Reissner-Nordström type and includes a contribution of an effectivedilatation charge. A nontrivial Weyl 1-form is also common to both solutions. It resembles a Coulomb potential originating from thedilatation charge. The torsion is closely related to the nonmetricity.Supported by the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid, Spain     

Asymptotic neutrality of large ions

It is proved that a nucleus of chargeZ can bind at mostZ+O(Z ^a) electrons, witha=47/56.Partially supported by a NSF grant at Princeton UniversitySupported by a Sloan Foundation Dissertation Fellowship at Princeton University     

The method of virtual quanta as a probe of the equivalence principle

We consider bremsstrahlung encounters between a test body of massm, chargee, and a large fixed massM with chargeQ. We use the method of virtual quanta, and calculate the total electromagnetic and gravitational energy radiated in such encounters. We consider both the case in which the deflection is principally electromagnetic in nature, and the case in which the deflection is principally gravitational. The results are interpreted by considering the predictions of the equivalence principle, for the behavior of the test particle,and for the behavior of the virtual quanta. As expected from the equivalence principle, the total radiation produced is larger for electromagnetic deflection than for a gravitational deflection through the same angle.Dedicated to the memory of Alfred Schild, born7 September 1921; died 24 May 1977. A good man, a great scholar, the best of friends.Research supported in part by NSF grant no. PHV76-07919 and by NATO Research grant no. 1002.     

A new view of the virasoro algebra

It is shown that the local quantum field theory of the chiral energy-momentum tensor with central chargec = 1 coincides with the gauge invariant subtheory of the chiral SU(2) current algebra at level 1, where the gauge group is the global SU(2) symmetry. At higher level, the same scheme gives rise toW-algebra extensions of the Virasoro algebra.     

über die Selbstenergie und Ladung eines durch Gravitationswirkungen stabilisierten Teilchens in einem gekrümmten Raum

The problem of the self-energy and the charge of particles is discussed by solvingEinstein's field-equations of general Relativity.

The mass and the charge of a particle are fixed by its radius. If the background is flat the specific chargege/m is an universal constant, if the particle is embedded in a De-Sitter universege/m depends on the particle-radius.

     

Beauty and the beast: Superconformal symmetry in a monster module

Frenkel, Lepowsky, and Meurman have constructed a representation of the largest sporadic simple finite group, the Fischer-Griess monster, as the automorphism group of the operator product algebra of a conformal field theory with central chargec=24. In string terminology, their construction corresponds to compactification on aZ ₂ asymmetric orbifold constructed from the torusR ²⁴/, where is the Leech lattice. In this note we point out that their construction naturally embodies as well a larger algebraic structure, namely a super-Virasoro algebra with central charge=16, with the supersymmetry generator constructed in terms of bosonic twist fields.     

TheC-metric withm = 0,e ≠ 0

TheC-metric with parametersm = 0,e 0 is transformed to Weyl form; the sources then appear as a spherical cap of chargee, and an uncharged semi-infinite line mass. Next, the Weyl metric is enlarged by a further transformation. The enlarged space-time has as its source two uniformly accelerated charged caps. In an appropriate approximation, the electromagnetic field components of this solution are identical to those of the Born solution of classical electrodynamics.     

Conformal invariance in incommensurate phases

We study finite-size corrections to the free energy of free-fermion models on a torus with periodic, twisted, and fixed boundary conditions. Inside the critical (striped-incommensurate) phase, the free energy densityf(N, M) on anN×M square lattice with periodic (or twisted) boundary conditions scales asf(N, M)=f _–A(s)/(NM)+.... We derive exactly the finite-size-scaling (FSS) amplitudesA(s) as a function of the aspect ratios=M/N. These amplitudes are universal because they do not depend on details of the free-fermion Hamiltonian. We establish an equivalence between the FSS amplitudes of the free-fermion model and the Coulomb gas system with electric and magnetic defect lines. The twist angle generates magnetic defect lines, while electric defect lines are generated by competition between domain wall separation and system size. The FSS behavior of the free-fermion model is consistent with predictions of the theory of conformal invariance with the conformal chargec=l. For instance, the FSS amplitude on an infinite cylinder with fixed boundary conditions is found to be one-quarter of that with periodic boundary conditions. Finally, we conjecture the exact form of the FSS amplitudes for an interacting-fermion model on a torus. Numerical calculations employing the Bethe Ansatz confirm our conjecture in the infinite-cylinder limit.     

Meromorphicc=24 conformal field theories

Modular invariant conformal field theories with just one primary field and central chargec=24 are considered. It has been shown previously that if the chiral algebra of such a theory contains spin-1 currents, it is either the Leech lattice CFT, or it contains a Kac-Moody sub-algebra with total central charge 24. In this paper all meromorphic modular invariant combinations of the allowed Kac-Moody combinations are obtained. The result suggests the existence of 71 meromorphicc=24 theories, including the 41 that were already known.