气相色谱-质谱法测定油炸淀粉类食品中的丙烯酰胺

 建立了油炸淀粉类食品中丙烯酰胺的溴衍生化气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)测定方法。样品经水提取、高速离心、石墨化 炭黑柱净化、溴衍生化后,以GC-MS选择离子进行定性,同位素稀释技术定量。该方法的检出限为5 μg/kg,回收率为90％ ～105％,相对标准偏差为6.3％。利用该方法对市场上某些油炸淀粉类食品进行了初步测定,发现薯片和炸薯条中含有27 8~4518 μg/kg的丙烯酰胺。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定纸制食品接触材料中丙烯酰胺的迁移量

为评估纸制食品接触材料中丙烯酰胺迁移的合规性和风险性,该文采用超高效液相色谱－串联质谱建立了测定纸制食品接触材料中丙烯酰胺迁移量的方法。采用Agilent Poroshell 120 SB－Aq（4.6 mm × 100 mm,2.7 μm）为分离柱,以0.1%（体积分数）甲酸水溶液和甲醇（9∶1）为流动相进行等度洗脱,质谱分析采用电喷雾离子源（ESI）,多反应监测（MRM）正离子模式。结果表明,丙烯酰胺在不同食品模拟物中的含量与其色谱峰面积呈线性关系。其中水溶性食品模拟物的线性范围为5.0～100.0 μg/L,检出限为1.0 μg/L;油性食品模拟物的线性范围为10.0～200.0 μg/kg,检出限为5.0 μg/kg。空白样品的平均加标回收率为90.0%～113%,相对标准偏差（RSD,n = 6）为0.40%～4.6%。3种类型纸制食品接触材料样品的测试结果显示,纸吸管中丙烯酰胺迁移量的阳性检出率较高,存在食品安全风险隐患。     

气相色谱-质谱法检测食品中的丙烯酰胺

建立了一种用于食品中丙烯酰胺含量的气相色谱-质谱联用检测方法。通过水和甲醇提取食品中的丙烯酰胺,经蛋白变性净化后用溴水对其进行加成衍生化,再采用有机溶剂进行液液萃取,之后同三乙胺发生定量反应转化为性质更稳定的产物后由气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测,同位素内标法定量。该方法在0.02,0.05和0.2 mg/kg等3个添加水平下面粉和面包中丙烯酰胺的回收率处于80%和110%之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）不大于12.7%;在0.04～4.00 mg/L内呈现良好的线性关系;灵敏度高,最低检测限达到5 μg/kg;选择性好,能有效消除复杂基质带来的干扰。可作为常见样品中丙烯酰胺含量检测的确证方法。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用测定富含淀粉食品中丙烯酰胺

以甲基丙烯酰胺作为内标物,用高效液相色谱/串联质谱(HPLC/MS/MS)法测定食品中的丙烯酰胺.均质后的食品样品,加入正己烷经液-液分配去除脂肪,用蒸馏水提取丙烯酰胺,Carrez试剂净化提取样品,净化液经离心后过0.45 μm微孔滤膜,采用HPLC/MS/MS电喷雾电离(ESI),阳离子,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,外标法定量.方法的线性范围为2～500 μg/L,线性相关系数为0.9997,检出限为2 μg/kg;高中低3个水平的加标回收率分别为99.4%、99.6%和98.4%;相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于7.8%.     

气相色谱-负离子化学电离质谱法分析深海鱼油 食品中的五种多溴联苯醚残留

建立了气相色谱-负离子化学电离质谱法(GC-NCI/MS)同时分析深海鱼油食品中5种多溴联苯醚残留的分析方法。深海鱼油食品用正己烷超声提取、中性与酸性硅胶色谱柱净化和正己烷洗脱后,以PCB103为内标物,采用GC-NCI/MS的选择离子监测方式(SIM)分析;同时探讨了5种多溴联苯醚的NCI/MS特征离子的断裂机理。当空白深海鱼油食品的加标浓度为20.0和100.0 μg/kg时,加标回收率为88.6%～111.3%,相对标准偏差为3.8%～13.5%,方法的检测限为0.77～1.34 μg/kg,线性范围为1.0～500.0 μg/kg,相关系数均大于0.9992。此方法已成功地应用于深海鱼油食品中5种痕量多溴联苯醚残留的同时分析。     

液相色谱-电喷雾质谱/质谱法测定高温烹制的淀粉类食品中的丙烯酰胺

以C18反相色谱柱为分析柱,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-甲醇(体积比为98∶2)为流动相,采用同位素稀释液相色谱-电喷雾 质谱/质谱(LC-MS/MS)技术对加热淀粉类食品中的丙烯酰胺进行了测定。利用Oasis HLB固相萃取柱对样品进行净化。方 法的线性范围为10～500 μg/L,线性相关系数为0.9995。方法的定性检出限为6 μg/kg,定量检出限为20 μg/kg。高 、中、低3个浓度水平的加标回收率为96.8%~97.4%,相对标准偏差小于10%。     

蔬菜、水果中4种抗凝血灭鼠剂残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立了蔬菜及水果中溴鼠灵、溴敌隆、敌鼠、杀鼠酮灭鼠剂同时检测的高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)分析方法,前处理采用乙腈提取、碱性氧化铝小柱净化.结果表明,4种灭鼠剂线性范围为2.0 ～50 μg/L,r均大于0.997 5;溴鼠灵和溴敌隆的检出限可达0.5 μg/kg,回收率分别为77% ～96%,69% ～113%;敌鼠和杀鼠酮的检出限为1.0 μg/kg,回收率分别为72% ～94%,71% ～90%;RSDs均小于10%,可以满足目前国际限量要求.     

食品中多溴联苯醚残留的气相色谱-串联质谱分析方法研究

建立了食品中8种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs) 残留的气相色谱-串联质谱分析方法,初步解析了PBDEs的电子轰击串联质谱(EI MS/MS)图,为各种目标物的准确定性分析提供依据.以BDE-28、BDE-47、BDE-66、BDE-85、BDE-99、BDE-100、BDE-153、BDE-154为研究对象,对EI MS/MS各分析参数进行了优化.用超声提取-酸性硅胶层析柱净化的前处理方法制备样品,当空白样品的加标水平为10.0、25.0 μg/kg时,8种PBDEs的平均加标回收率为82% ～112%,相对标准偏差为3.1% ～15%,方法检出限均低于1.5 μg/kg;8种PBDEs的线性范围为10.0 ～500 μg/kg,相关系数均大于0.994 7.     

高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱法测定蛋黄粉中硝基呋喃代谢产物

采用固相基质分散技术, 液-液分配净化, 同位素内标定量, 建立了蛋黄粉中呋喃它酮、呋喃西林、呋喃妥因和呋喃唑酮等硝基呋喃类药物代谢产物残留的高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱测定方法. 方法测定低限为0.5 μg/kg;线性范围为0.5～6.0 μg/kg;室内验证回收率范围为90.06%～109.8%;相对标准偏差2.0%～7.7%. 该方法适用于残留检测实验室对蛋黄粉类基质中硝基呋喃代谢产物的监控检测.     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定土壤中的有机氯农药

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱测定土壤中有机氯农药的方法,同时测定了上海郊区的20个农业土壤。样品前处理包括加速溶剂萃取(弗罗里硅土池内净化)和凝胶渗透色谱净化在线浓缩。采用多反应监测模式的气相色谱-串联质谱分析有机氯农药,降低了背景干扰,提高了分析的灵敏度。在0.001～2 mg/L的质量浓度范围内,各种农药标准溶液的线性相关系数均大于0.995。分别向3种实际土壤样品中添加农药的混合标准溶液,所测定的有机氯农药的平均回收率为65.9%～140.0%,相对标准偏差为1.5%～20.3%(n=5)。有机氯农药的检出限（S/N=3）为0.1～3.0 μg/kg,定量限（S/N=10）为0.3～8.0 μg/kg。实际土壤样品的测定结果表明：六六六(1.82～3.70 μg/kg)和六氯苯(0.94～9.8 μg/kg)有少量检出,滴滴涕的检出率高达100%,其含量范围较宽(1.08～308.76 μg/kg),平均值为53.28 μg/kg,其中85%的样品中滴滴涕含量/(滴滴伊+滴滴滴)含量的比值小于1,表明滴滴涕主要来自于早期的使用     

Collaborative trial validation study of two methods, one based on high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of acrylamide in bakery and potato products

A European inter-laboratory study was conducted to validate two analytical procedures for the determination of acrylamide in bakery ware (crispbreads, biscuits) and potato products (chips), within a concentration range from about 20 microg/kg to about 9000 microgg/kg. The methods are based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of the derivatised analyte and on high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) of native acrylamide. Isotope dilution with isotopically labelled acrylamide was an integral part of both methods. The study was evaluated according to internationally accepted guidelines. The performance of the HPLC-MS/MS method was found to be superior to that of the GC-MS method and to be fit-for-the-purpose.     

Determination of acrylamide in Chinese traditional carbohydrate-rich foods using gas chromatography with micro-electron capture detector and isotope dilution liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

The present study developed two analytical methods for quantification of acrylamide in complex food matrixes, such as Chinese traditional carbohydrate-rich foods. One is based on derivatization with potassium bromate and potassium bromide without clean-up prior to gas chromatography with micro-electron capture detector (GC-MECD). Alternatively, the underivatized acrylamide was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) in the positive electrospray ionization mode. For both methods, the Chinese carbohydrate-rich samples were homogenized, defatted with petroleum ether and extracted with aqueous solution of sodium chloride. Recovery rates for acrylamide from spiked Chinese style foods with the spiking level of 50, 500 and 1000 μg kg⁻¹ were in the range of 79-93% for the GC-MECD including derivatization and 84-97% for the HPLC-MS/MS method. Typical quantification limits of the HPLC-MSMS method were 4 μg kg⁻¹ for acrylamide. The GC-MECD method achieved quantification limits of 10 μg kg⁻¹ in Chinese style foods. Thirty-eight Chinese traditional foods purchased from different manufacturers were analyzed and compared with four Western style foods. Acrylamide contaminant was found in all of samples at the concentration up to 771.1 and 734.5 μg kg⁻¹ detected by the GC and HPLC method, respectively. The concentrations determined with the two different quantitative methods corresponded well with each other. A convenient and fast pretreatment procedure will be optimized in order to satisfy further investigation of hundreds of samples.     

Rapid determination of acrylamide contaminant in conventional fried foods by gas chromatography with electron capture detector

Gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) was successfully developed and applied for the rapid determination of acrylamide in conventional fried foods, such as potato crisps, potato chips, and fried chicken wings. The method included defatting with n-hexane, extraction with aqueous solution of sodium chloride (NaCl), derivatization with potassium bromate (KBrO3) and potassium bromide (KBr), and liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. The final acrylamide extract was analyzed by GC-ECD for quantification and by GC-MS for confirmation. The chromatographic analysis was performed on the HP-INNOWax capillary column, and good retention and peak response of acrylamide were achieved under the optimal conditions (numbers of theoretical plates N = 83,815). The limit of detection (LOD) was estimated to be 0.1 microg kg(-1) on the basis of ECD technique. Recoveries of acrylamide from conventional samples spiked at levels of 150, 500 and 1000 microg kg(-1) (n = 4 for each level) ranged between 87 and 97% with relative standard deviations (RSD) of less than 4%. Furthermore, the GC-ECD method showed that no clean-up steps of acrylamide derivative would be performed prior to injection and was slightly more sensitive than the MS/MS-based methods. Validation and quantification results demonstrated that this method should be regarded as a new, low-cost, and robust alternative for conventional investigation of acrylamide.     

Determination of acrylamide in starch-based foods by HPLC with pre-column ultraviolet derivatization

A new method is developed for the determination of acrylamide in starch-based foods. The method included the extraction of acrylamide with water, defatting with hexane, derivatization with potassium bromate (KBrO(3)) and potassium bromide (KBr), liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate-hexane (4:1), and concentration. The final analyte (2-bromopropenamide, 2-BPA) is analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection for quantification and by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for confirmation. The chromatographic analysis is performed on an ODS-3 C(18) column, and good retention and peak response of acrylamide are achieved under the optimal conditions. The limit of detection and quantitation are estimated to be 15 and 50 μg/kg, respectively. The recoveries of acrylamide from the commercial samples are spiked at levels of 50-1000 μg/kg, and range between 89.6 and 102.0%. These results show that this method should be regarded as a new, low-cost, and robust alternative for conventional investigation of acrylamide.     

Trace level determination of acrylamide in cereal-based foods by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

A quantitative method has been developed for the determination of trace levels (<50 microg/kg) of acrylamide in cereal-based foods. The method is based on extraction of acrylamide with water, acidification and purification with Carrez I and II solutions, followed by bromination of the acrylamide double bond. The reaction product (2,3-dibromopropionamide) is extracted with ethyl acetate/hexane (4:1, v/v), dried over sodium sulfate, and cleaned up through a Florisil column. The derivative is then converted to 2-bromopropenamide by dehydrobromination with triethylamine and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), employing (13C3)acrylamide as internal standard. In-house validation data for commercial and experimental cereal products showed good precision of the method, with repeatability and intermediate reproducibility relative standard deviations below 10%. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation are estimated at 2 and 5 microg/kg, respectively, and recoveries of acrylamide from samples spiked at levels of 5-500 microg/kg ranged between 93 and 104% after correction of analyte loss by the internal standard. Finally, a comparative test organized with two independent laboratories provided additional confidence in the good performance of the method, particularly at very low concentration levels.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中曲酸

建立了食品中新型防腐剂曲酸的高效液相色谱-串联质谱的定量测定方法。动物禽肉、鱼虾甲壳类、酱菜类、水果蔬菜、面制品等固体样品经乙腈提取;酱及酱油、醋、酒、饮料、糖浆等液体样品经水稀释,乙酸锌和亚铁氰化钾沉淀蛋白;以C18柱为分离柱,流动相为乙腈和5 mmol/L乙酸铵甲酸溶液,采用电喷雾串联四极杆质谱进行检测。选择1个母离子和2个子离子进行选择反应监测,以13C6-曲酸作为内标,选择信号最强的子离子进行定量测定。固体类基质中的定量限(按信噪比(S/N)大于10计)为0.1 mg/kg;液体类基质中的定量限为2.5 mg/kg。在0.1～2.0 mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数r＞0.99。各种基质在3个添加水平的平均回收率在72.6%～114%之间,相对标准偏差均小于11.4%。本方法简单实用,准确可靠,适用范围包括了食品中可能使用曲酸这种食品添加剂的大部分基质,可以满足进出口食品中曲酸的定性和定量要求。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中多杀菌素A和D的残留量

建立了食品中多杀菌素(spinosyn) A和D残留的液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。甘蓝等食品样品经乙腈-水(50:50, v/v)提取、HLB固相萃取柱净化后,采用HPLC-MS/MS进行检测分析,利用外标法定量。质谱分析采用电喷雾电离,正离子扫描,多反应监测模式。结果表明,柱净化后无明显的基质效应,多杀菌素在1～20 μg/L内具有较好的线性关系,其相关系数可达0.9999;样品中添加1～10 μg/kg的多杀菌素,其回收率为76.2%～114.0%,相对标准偏差(n=10)小于10%;检出限(信噪比（S/N）=3): 多杀菌素A为0.2 μg/kg,多杀菌素D为0.5 μg/kg;定量限(S/N=10): 多杀菌素A为0.5 μg/kg,多杀菌素D为1.0 μg/kg。在最佳实验条件下,对来自福建厦门的969份食品样品进行了检测,其中15份样品检测结果呈阳性。实验结果表明,该方法提取效果好,具有良好的灵敏度、回收率和重复性。     

Comparison of ultra-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of priority pesticides in baby foods by tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry

Determination of 16 priority pesticides and transformation products specified in the EU Baby Food Directive 2003/13/EC has been compared using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Prior to analysis, co-extractives were removed from acetonitrile extracts using dispersive solid-phase extraction (SPE) with primary secondary amine (50 mg). Extracts spiked with pesticides at 1 microg kg(-1) yielded average recoveries in the range 85-119%, with relative standard deviations less than 17%. The HPLC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS multi-residue methods developed are simple, rapid and suitable for the quantification and confirmation of the 16 priority pesticides in fruit-, potato- and cereal-based baby food at 1 microg kg(-1). The major advantages of UPLC, using 1.7 microm particles, over HPLC are the speed of analysis, the narrower peaks (giving increased signal-to-noise ratio) and improved confirmation for the targeted pesticides in the analyses of baby foods.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定食品中的抗倒胺残留量

建立了水果、蔬菜、茶叶、蜂蜜、粮谷和动物源性食品中抗倒胺残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。样品经乙腈提取,混合使用乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷和十八烷基硅烷键合相基质分散净化后,用HPLC-MS/MS检测和确证,外标法定量。质谱分析采用电喷雾电离,正离子扫描,多反应监测模式。该方法通过建立基质标准曲线消除基质效应,抗倒胺在1～100 μg/kg范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数在0.998～0.999之间;样品中添加5、10、50 μg/kg的标准品,其添加回收率在85.2%～112.4%之间,相对标准偏差均小于8.5%;检出限(LOD)在0.08～1.64 μg/kg之间,定量限(LOQ)在0.30～5.48 μg/kg之间。实验结果表明,该方法提取效果好,具有良好的灵敏度、回收率和重复性。