Disorder-induced stabilization of the pseudogap in strongly correlated systems

The interplay of strong interaction and strong disorder, as contained in the Anderson-Hubbard model, is addressed using two nonperturbative numerical methods: the Lanczos algorithm in the grand canonical ensemble at zero temperature and quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We find distinctive evidence for a zero-energy anomaly which is robust upon variation of doping, disorder, and interaction strength. Its similarities to, and differences from, pseudogap formation in other contexts, including perturbative treatments of interactions and disorder, classical theories of localized charges, and in the clean Hubbard model, are discussed.     

Fermi surface reconstruction in strongly correlated Fermi systems as a first-order phase transition

A quantum phase transition in strongly correlated Fermi systems beyond the topological quantum critical point has been studied using the Fermi liquid approach. The transition takes place between topologically equivalent states with three Fermi surface sheets, but one of them is characterized by a quasiparticle halo in the quasiparticle momentum distribution n(p), and the other one is characterized by a hole pocket. It has been found that the transition between these states is a first-order phase transition for the interaction constant g and temperature T. The phase diagram in the vicinity of this transition has been constructed.     

Phase diagram of strongly correlated Fermi systems

Phase transitions caused by the redistribution of quasiparticle occupation numbers n(p) in homogeneous Fermi systems with particle repulsion are analyzed. The phase diagram of a strongly correlated Fermi system, when drawn in the coordinates “density ρ-dimensionless coupling constant η,” resembles a Washington pie for a rather broad class of interactions. Its upper part is “filled” with Fermi condensate, and the bottom part is filled with normal Fermi liquid. Both parts are separated by a narrow interlayer of Lifshitz phase with a multiply connected Fermi surface.     

Adaptation of the Landau-Migdal quasiparticle pattern to strongly correlated Fermi systems

A quasiparticle pattern advanced in Landau’s first article on Fermi-liquid theory is adapted to elucidate the properties of a class of strongly correlated Fermi systems characterized by a Lifshitz phase diagram featuring a quantum critical point (QCP) where the density of states diverges. The necessary condition for stability of the Landau Fermi-Liquid state is shown to break down in such systems, triggering a cascade of topological phase transitions that lead, without symmetry violation, to states with multi-connected Fermi surfaces. The end point of this evolution is found to be an exceptional state whose spectrum of single-particle excitations exhibits a completely flat portion at zero temperature. Analysis of the evolution of the temperature dependence of the single-particle spectrum yields results that provide a natural explanation of classical behavior of this class of Fermi systems in the QCP region.     

Universal behavior of the collision rate in strongly correlated Fermi systems

Low temperature transport phenomena in strongly collision rate τ(T) is evaluated in closed form and applied to the calculation of the resistivity ρ(T). The ratio of ρ(T) to the square of the specific heat C _V(T) is shown to be a nearly universal function independent of the effective interaction between particles in medium. The result is found to be close to the well known Kadowaki-Woods ratio deduced from available experimental data on heavy fermion systems.     

Low-temperature collapse of the Fermi surface and phase transitions in correlated Fermi systems

A topological crossover, associated with the collapse of the Fermi surface in strongly correlated Fermi systems, is examined. It is demonstrated that in these systems, the temperature domain where standard Ferrai liquid results hold dramatically narrows, because the Landau regime is replaced by a classical one. The impact of the collapse of the Fermi surface on pairing correlations is analyzed. In the domain of the Lifshitz phase diagram where the Fermi surface collapses, splitting of the BCS superconducting phase transition into two different ones of the same symmetry is shown to occur.     

Evolution of spin susceptibility from the Pauli to Curie-Weiss type in strongly correlated Fermi systems

The magnetic properties of strongly correlated Fermi systems are studied within the framework of the fermioncondensation model—phase transition associated with the rearrangement of the Landau quasiparticle distribution, resulting in the appearance of a plateau at T=0 exactly in the Fermi surface of the single-particle excitation spectrum. It is shown that the Curie-Weiss term ～T^?1 appears in the expression for the spin susceptibility χ_ac(T) of the system after the transition point at finite temperatures. The behavior of χ_ac(T, H) as a function of temperature and static magnetic field H in the region where the critical fermion-condensation temperature T _f is close to zero is discussed. The results are compared with the available experimental data.     

Competing spin waves and superconducting fluctuations in strongly correlated electron systems

A special diagram technique recently proposed for strongly correlated electron systems is used to study the peculiarities of a spin-density wave (SDW) in competition with superconductivity. This method allows formulation of the Dyson equations for the renormalized electron propagators of the co-existing phases of SDW antiferromagnetism and superconductivity. We find the surprising result that triplet superconductivity appears provided that we have the co-existence of singlet superconductivity and SDW antiferromagnetism. A special ansatz, which takes into account the full Green's functions as well as the dynamical structure of the correlations, is used to establish the equations determining the gap functions and order parameters.     

Energetics of a strongly correlated Fermi gas

The energy of the two-component Fermi gas with the s-wave contact interaction is a simple linear functional of its momentum distribution:

     

Reconstruction of the Fermi surface in the pseudogap state of cuprates

Reconstruction of the Fermi surface of high-temperature superconducting cuprates in the pseudogap state is analyzed within a nearly exactly solvable model of the pseudogap state, induced by short-range order fluctuations of the antiferromagnetic (AFM), spin-density wave (SDW), or a similar charge-density wave (CDW) order parameter, competing with the superconductivity. We explicitly demonstrate the evolution from “Fermi arcs” (on the “large” Fermi surface) observed in the ARPES experiments at relatively high temperatures (when both the amplitude and phase of the density waves fluctuate randomly) towards the formation of typical “small” electron and hole “pockets,” which are apparently observed in the de Haas-van Alphen and Hall resistance oscillation experiments at low temperatures (when only the phase of the density waves fluctuate and the correlation length of the short-range order is large enough). A qualitative criterion for the quantum oscillations in high magnetic fields to be observable in the pseudogap state is formulated in terms of the cyclotron frequency, the correlation length of fluctuations, and the Fermi velocity. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Electronic state on the surface in the strongly correlated electron systems

In order to clarify the tunneling spectroscopy in high-T_c cuprates, we study electronic state of the surface in the strongly correlated electron systems. First, we obtain Green's function of strongly correlated normal bulk system using the fluctuation exchange (FLEX) approximation. Next, we insert infinite potential into the bulk system and obtain Green's function of surface. We find that the density of states (DOS) in strongly correlated bulk systems are different from that on the surface, and the difference decreases as the magnitude of Coulomb interaction (U) increases.     

强关联费米气体的高温热力学性质

文章首先简要评述了目前强关联超冷费米原子体系的研究现状.由于缺少严格解和小相互作用参数,强关联的量子气体一直缺乏清晰的理解.在该项研究工作中,文章作者提出了一种系统的维里级数展开方法来研究强相互作用费米气体在高温下的热力学行为.方法中的控制小参量是易逸度,即exp(μ/kBT),其中μ是体系的化学势.文章提出了一种实用的方法去计算均匀或势阱束缚下的费米气体的维里展开系数,并首次精确得到了第三维里系数.文章将计算得到的热力学状态方程与最近的实验测量及量子蒙特卡罗模拟结果进行了比较.     

Direct observation of the multisheet Fermi surface in the strongly correlated transition metal compound ZrZn2

The existence of flat areas of a Fermi surface (FS), predicted by electronic structure calculations and used in models of both magnetically mediated and phonon-mediated Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov superconducting states, is reported in the paramagnetic phase of the ferromagnetic superconductor ZrZn2 using positron annihilation. The strongly mass-renormalized FS sheet, dominating the Fermi level density of states, is seen for the first time. The delocalization of the magnetization is studied using measured and calculated magnetic Compton profiles.     

Quasi‐particle peak due to magnetic order in strongly correlated electron systems

We study the electron spectral function of the antiferromagnetically ordered phase of the three dimensional Hubbard model, using recently formulated low‐energy theory based on the 2D half‐filled Hubbard model which describes both collective spin and charge fluctuations for arbitrary value of the Coulomb repulsion U. The model then is solved by a saddle‐point approximation within the CP¹ representation for the Neel field. The single‐particle properties are obtained by writing the fermion field in terms of a U(1) phase, Schwinger boson SU(2) fields and a pseudofermion variables. We demonstrate that the appearance of a sharp peak in the electron spectral function in the antiferromagnetic state points to the emergence of the bosonic mode, which is associated with spin ordering.