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1.
Amol Mhatre Vivek Chavan P. C. Kalsi V. S. Nadkarni 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2010,286(1):99-101
The gamma irradiation effects on the bulk etch rate, V
b of an indigenously prepared new nuclear track detector which is a copolymer of allyl bis-(2-nitroxy-ethyl) carbomate (ABNEC)
and allyl diglycol carbonate (ADC) [ABNEC:ADC (1:9)] were studied in the dose range of 25.0–250.0 kGy and etching temperature
range of 60–80 °C. The bulk etch rates increase and the activation energy values for bulk etching of gamma-irradiated detectors
decrease with the increase in gamma dose indicating the scission of the detector. UV–visible spectra of the unirradiated and
the irradiated films were also taken to explore the possibility of using this new detector for gamma dose measurements. 相似文献
2.
P. C. Kalsi 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2011,287(2):581-584
The fission track registration efficiency of diethylene glycol bis allyl carbonate (dioctyl phthalate doped) [CR-39 (DOP)]
solid state nuclear track detector (SSNTD) in solution medium (K
wet) has been experimentally determined and is found to be (9.7 ± 0.5) × 10−4 cm. This is in good agreement with the values of other SSNTDs. The gamma irradiation effects in the dose range of 50.0–220.0 kGy
on the bulk etch rate, V
b and the activation energy for bulk etching, E of this solid state nuclear track detector (SSNTD) have also been studied. It is observed that the bulk etch rates increase
and the activation energies for bulk etching decrease with the increase in gamma dose. These results have been explained on
the basis of scission of the detector due to gamma irradiation. 相似文献
3.
The etching and optical response of Tuffak polycarbonate nuclear track detector to gamma irradiation
《Radiation Physics and Chemistry》2009,78(2):81-84
The effects of gamma irradiation in the dose range of 1.0–20.0 Mrad on the etching and optical characteristics of Tuffak polycarbonate (C16H14O3)n nuclear track detector have been studied by using etching and UV–visible spectroscopic techniques. The bulk etch rates increase and the activation energies for bulk etching decrease with the increase in gamma dose. The optical band gaps determined from the UV–visible spectra were found to decrease with the increase in gamma dose. These results have been explained on the basis of scission of the detector due to gamma irradiation. 相似文献
4.
《Radiation Physics and Chemistry》2008,77(9):1002-1004
In the present work, we have determined the bulk-etch rates of a newly developed track detector called poly-[N-allyloxycarbonyl diethanolamine-bis allylcarbonate] (PNADAC) homopolymer at different temperatures to deduce its activation energy. The energy of activation is found to be (1.02±0.04) eV. This compares very well with the values of activation energy reported in the literature for the most commonly used nuclear track detectors. The effects of gamma irradiation on this new detector in the dose range of 4.7–14.5 Mrad have also been studied using UV–visible spectroscopic technique. The optical band gaps of the unirradiated and the gamma-irradiated detectors determined from the UV–visible spectra were found to decrease with the increase in gamma dose. These results have been explained on the basis of scission of the detector due to gamma irradiation. 相似文献
5.
Amol Mhatre P. C. Kalsi Onkar Singh Choudhary G. P. Sachdev 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2011,288(3):795-798
The gamma irradiation effects in the dose range of 2.5?C43.0 Mrad on the etching and optical characteristics of CR-39 solid state nuclear track detector (SSNTD) have been studied by using etching and UV?CVisible spectroscopic techniques. From the measured bulk etch rates at different temperatures, the activation energies for bulk etching at different doses have also been determined. It is seen that the bulk etch rates increase and the activation energies for bulk etching decrease with the increase in gamma dose. The optical band gaps of the unirradiated and the gamma -irradiated detectors determined from the UV?CVisible spectra were found to decrease with the increase in gamma dose. These results have been explained on the basis of scission of the detector due to gamma irradiation. The present studies can be used for the estimation of gamma dose in the range of 2.5?C43.0 Mrad and can also be used for estimating track registration efficiency in the presence of gamma dose. The CR-39 detector has also been applied for the assay of uranium in some soil samples of Jammu city. 相似文献
6.
Ashok Kumar R. K. Jain Praveen Yadav R. N. Chakraborty B. K. Singh B. K. Nayak 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2013,295(1):95-98
It is observed that for Lexan and Makrofol-DE polycarbonate plastic detectors the mean diameters of fission fragments from a 252Cf source increases as a result of gamma-ray exposure. We have studied the bulk etching rate and track etching rate before and after gamma-ray irradiation on Lexan and Makrofol-DE polycarbonate plastics. The mechanism of Lexan and Makrofol-DE polycarbonate plastic detectors can be understood with the help of this exposures. It is also noted that degree of ordering of Lexan and Makrofol-DE polycarbonate is dependent on the gamma ray dose due to degradation and cross-linking processes. The results show that bulk and track etch rate increases with gamma dose while activation energy associated with bulk and track etch rates at a particular temperature and sensitivity decreases with gamma dose. 相似文献
7.
Vivek Chavan P. C. Kalsi V. S. Nadkarni A. K. Pandey 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2010,286(1):181-183
The fission track registration efficiency of an indigenously prepared Cellulose Acetate Butyrate (CAB) solid state nuclear
track detector (SSNTD) has been determined and is found to be (0.89 ± 0.04). Radiation chemical yield, G-value for loss of ester bonds in this detector exposed to gamma rays from a Co-60 source has also been determined by FT-IR
spectrometry. The amount of ester bonds lost due to the exposure was estimated from the change in absorbance of C=O and C–O–C
bonds with the gamma dose. The G-value for breaking of ester bonds in CAB detector is found to be about 37/100 eV. 相似文献
8.
P. C. Kalsi Pramilla D. Sawant A. Ramaswami V. K. Manchanda 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2007,273(2):473-477
Garware Polyester Film, an indigenously available material has been evaluated systematically as a nuclear track detector for
the detection of fission fragments. The relative fission track detection efficiency of this film was found to be (86.0±4.0)%.
The bulk etch rate, determined by the gravimetric method, was found to be 0.75±0.05 μm/h. The track etch rate was determined
as 15.0±1.5 μm/h. This detector was employed for the estimation of uranium in seawater samples and the results obtained were
compared with the results obtained by using the commonly used Lexan detector. Uranium fractions after chemical separation
from seawater samples were also analyzed by alpha-spectrometry and neutron activation analysis techniques and the results
were compared with that obtained by the fission track method. Fission track method has the advantage, as it does not require
any chemical separation. The indigenously available polyester film (polyethylene terphthalate) appears to be a good substitute
of Lexan as nuclear track detector. 相似文献
9.
The effects of UV irradiation (λ=254 nm) on polyester nuclear track detector have been investigated employing bulk-etch technique, UV–visible spectrophotometry and infra-red spectrometry (FTIR). The activation energy values for bulk-etching were found to decrease with the UV-irradiation time indicating the scission of the polymer. Not much shift in the absorption edge due to UV irradiation was seen in the UV–visible spectra. FTIR studies also indicate the scission of the chemical bonds, thereby further validating the bulk-etch rate results. 相似文献
10.
The InVO4 sol was obtained by a mild hydrothermal treatment (the precursor precipitation solution at 423 K, for 4 h). Novel visible-light
activated photocatalytic InVO4–TiO2 thin films were synthesized through a sol–gel dipping method from the composite sol, which was obtained by mixing the low
temperature InVO4 sol and TiO2 sol. The photocatalytic activities of the new InVO4–TiO2 thin films under visible light irradiation were investigated by the photocatalytic discoloration of methyl orange aqueous
solution. The thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM)
and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy (UV–Vis). The results revealed that the InVO4 doped thin films enhanced the methyl orange degradation rate under visible light irradiation, 3.0 wt% InVO4–TiO2 thin films reaching 80.1% after irradiated for 15 h. 相似文献
11.
《Radiation Physics and Chemistry》1999,53(2):99-105
Photon induced modifications in polyalyldiglycol carbonate (PADC) track detectors have been studied in the dose range of 101–106 Gy. It was found that some of the properties like bulk-etch rate, track-etch rate got enhanced at the dose of 106 Gy. Activation energy for bulk-etching has been determined for different gamma doses. In order to correlate the high etch rate with the chemical modifications, UV–Vis, IR and ESR studies were carried out. These studies clearly give the indication that radiation damage results into radical formation through bond cleavage. TGA study was performed for understanding the thermal resistance of this detector. The results are presented and discussed. 相似文献
12.
Fabrice P. L. Andrieux Colin Boxall Robin J. Taylor 《Journal of solution chemistry》2008,37(11):1511-1527
Studies of the thermodynamics of formation of the acetohydroxamatoiron(III) complexes were carried out in acidic media at
temperatures ranging from 293 to 323 K. Through the isolation of the unique UV–visible spectra of all three complexes, it
was possible to determine their formation constants and deduce enthalpies and entropies of formation as well as their molar
absorptivities. The enthalpies of formation of the mono-, bis- and trisacetohydroxamatoiron(III) complexes were found to be
−56.4, −17.09 and +19.74 kJ⋅mol−1, respectively. Following the determination of the enthalpy and entropy of formation of these complexes, speciation diagrams
were calculated for the complexes at temperatures ranging from 293 to 323 K. 相似文献
13.
Václav Čuba Tereza Pavelková Viliam Múčka 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2010,286(3):619-624
Catalytic activity of gamma irradiated catalase from bovine liver was studied for hydrogen peroxide decomposition at constant
temperature and pressure. The measurement was performed at temperatures 27, 32, 37, 42 and 47 °C. Solutions containing 1 and
0.01 g dm−3 of catalase in phosphate buffer were used for the study. Repeatability of both sample preparation and kinetics measurement
was experimentally verified. Rate constants of the reaction were determined for all temperatures and the activation energy
was evaluated from Arrhenius plot. Gamma irradiation was performed using 60Co radionuclide source Gammacell 220 at two different dose rates 5.5 and 70 Gy h−1, with doses ranging from 10 to 1000 Gy. The observed reaction of irradiated and non-irradiated catalase with hydrogen peroxide
is of the first order. Irradiation significantly decreases catalytic activity of catalase, but the activation energy does
not depend markedly on the dose. The effect of irradiation is more significant at higher dose rate. 相似文献
14.
The coordination complex of Cu (II) with the Schiff base derived from 4-chloroaniline with salicylaldehyde have been synthesized
and characterized by micro analytical data; FT–IR, UV–Vis, FAB-mass and thermal analysis studies. Thermal data show degradation
of complexes. We carried out thermal analysis at three different heating rates viz. 5, 10 and 20 °C per min. The activation
thermodynamic parameters, such as activation energy (E*), entropy of activation (ΔS*), enthalpy of activation (ΔH*) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG*) have been calculated with the help of TG, DTA and DTG curves using Coats–Redfern method. The stoichiometry of the complexes
are in 1:2 (M:L) molar ratio. Synthesized complex has been tested for their reactivity and substitution behaviour. 相似文献
15.
Wen-Xiu Liu Jing Ma Xiao-Guang Qu Wen-Bin Cao 《Research on Chemical Intermediates》2009,35(3):321-328
(Fe, N) co-doped titanium dioxide powders have been prepared by a quick, low-temperature hydrothermal method using TiOSO4, CO(NH2)2, Fe(NO3)3, and CN3H5 · HCl as starting materials. The synthesized powders were characterized by XRD, TEM, BET, XPS, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Experimental
results show that the as-synthesized TiO2 powders are present as the anatase phase and that the N and Fe ions have been doped into the TiO2 lattice. The specific surface area of the powders is 167.8 m2/g by the BET method and the mean grain size is about 11 nm, calculated by Scherrer’s formula. UV–Vis absorption spectra show
that the edge of the photon absorption has been red-shifted up to 605 nm. The doped titanium dioxide powders had excellent
photocatalytic activity during the process of photo-degradation of formaldehyde and some TVOC gases under visible light irradiation. 相似文献
16.
Use of some organic dyes in gamma irradiation dose determination 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In the present work, the radiation-induced color bleaching of Remazol brilliant blue (RBB), Wegocet orange (WO), Methyl green
(Me G) and Thioflavine S (Th S) dyes solutions was studied. Solutions of these dyes in different solvents were found to obey
Beer’s law within certain concentration levels. The % color bleaching occurring in different dye solutions on using different
gamma irradiation doses was determined and the data obtained showed the existence of good linear relationships among them
in the four dye systems used. The linear sections lines were used as calibration curves for evaluating unknown gamma irradiation
doses. From the obtained results, it was concluded that RBB in water, WO in ethanol, Me G in butanol and Th S in 60% ethanol–water
mixture could be used for dose evaluation within the dose ranges 5–25 kGy for RBB, 20–90 kGy for WO, 10–70 kGy for Me G and
5–160 kGy for Th S. The sensitivity of the systems towards gamma radiations has been also reported. 相似文献
17.
A polymer anchored palladium complex was synthesized by sequential attachment of benzimidazole and palladium chloride to chloromethylated
polystyrene divinyl benzene co-polymer with 6.5 % cross-linking. The product was characterized by XPS, UV–vis. spectrophotometry,
FTIR and TGA. Various physico-chemical properties such as bulk density, surface area and swelling behavior in different solvents
were also measured. The polymer anchored complex was tested as a catalyst for reduction of olefins. The kinetics of hydrogenation
of 1-hexene was studied by varying the temperature, catalyst concentration and substrate concentration. The energy and entropy
of activation were evaluated from the kinetic data. The catalyst could be recycled a number of times and no leaching of metal
from the catalyst surface was observed. 相似文献
18.
Carina Gargori García Roberto Galindo Llorach Mario Llusar Vicent Maria Angeles Tena Gómez Guillermo Monrós Tomás Jose A. Badenes March 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2009,50(3):314-320
Glasses on SiO2–CaO–ZnO–B2O3–K2O–Al2O3 oxide system modified by addition of titania (0, 3, 5, 12, and 20% w) have been prepared by sol–gel method. The obtained
gels were aged, dried and fired at 600 °C/1 h in order to stabilise the glass. The resulting fired powders were characterised
by UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
Their photocatalytic capacity on the degradation of Orange II dye has been studied. The XRD and TEM studies indicate that
system becomes amorphous with a nanostructured microstructure. From UV–Vis–NIR results the band gap calculated is around 3.5 eV
for all modified glasses. Photoactivity of powders depends on amount of titania in glass composition and the specific surface
area of prepared samples. The sample with highest surface area and lowest addition of titania (3% w sample) shows similar
activity than commercial anatase used as reference. 相似文献
19.
R. R. Salinas-Guzmán J. L. Guzmán-Mar L. Hinojosa-Reyes J. M. Peralta-Hernández A. Hernández-Ramírez 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2010,54(1):1-7
In this work, the photodegradation of cyanide in aqueous suspension was used to determine the photocatalytic activity of sol–gel
prepared ZnO which was impregnated with the Co (II) phthalocyanine (CoPc), as sensitizer. The prepared catalyst was characterized
by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersed Spectroscopy (EDS) detector, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier
Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Diffuse UV–Vis Reflectance spectroscopy. Specific surface area was calculated
from nitrogen adsorption isotherm using BET method. Compared with commercial ZnO and TiO2 Degussa P25 photocatalysts, the sol–gel prepared ZnO catalyst sensitized with cobalt phthalocyanine showed the highest activities
for degradation of cyanide in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. 相似文献
20.
The effects of gamma irradiation on crystallization kinetics and microhardness properties of the Li2O–Al2O3–SiO2 (LAS) glass–ceramic sample have been investigated. The glass–ceramic was irradiated to γ-source 60Co of 0.7 MGy. The crystallization kinetics of the irradiated and non-irradiated samples were characterized using differential
scanning calorimetry. The crystallization kinetics and microhardness properties of the glass–ceramic changed the gamma irradiation,
and the high dose of gamma irradiation affects significantly the crystallization kinetics and microhardness properties of
the Li2O–Al2O3–SiO2 glass–ceramic sample. 相似文献