基于Windows CE的嵌入式手持GPS导航仪

为提高定位精度和系统响应速度，采用嵌入式操作系统Windows CE．net和嵌入式微处理器ARM9，开发了手持式GPS导航定位仪。系统主要包括两部分：一是在S3C2410开发板中实现了GIS功能，二是实现了GIS与GPS的集成，实现了地图数据库查询、定位导航、路径寻优、无线通信、电子地图更新等功能。应用EVC＋＋4．0和MapXMobile开发了嵌入式GPS移动导航系统软件，采用多线程技术，在后台异步运行地图数据库查询等程序。经过测试，基于WindowsCE的嵌入式手持导航仪能准确地获取GPS数据，匹配后电子地图能准确显示位置并指示方向；定位误差和响应时间均能满足设计要求；系统能自动给出最优路径；系统的软硬件集成度较高，稳定性好。     

基于物联网的MEMS加速度计测试分析系统设计

加速度计性能远距离测试及对测试数据同时进行自动保存和自动分析处理是经常遇到的工程问题。针对这一问题,提出了基于物联网的加速度计测试分析方法。应用物联网技术设计了加速度计数据远程自动采集系统,并实现了测试数据网络共享功能。应用线振动试验法实现了单轴MEMS加速度计的性能自动测试,应用多项式拟合方法建立了加速度计的二阶误差修正模型。应用虚拟仪器软件和工程数据库技术设计了网络环境下的测试系统软件,并实现了对实验数据的自动储存、显示、查询、删除、实验报表打印与自动分析处理功能。实验结果表明测试系统实现了远程加速度计性能测试及实验数据自动保存和自动分析功能。     

某型导弹惯性控制系统测试

某型惯性控制系统是该导弹惯性制导系统的重要组成部分。用静止导航试验法来测试惯性导航系统性能,是一种简便易行的方法。为了高效地对惯性控制系统进行维修测试,以静止导航试验法为基础,进一步提出了在线测试和离线测试两种测试方法。介绍了某型导弹惯性控制系统自动测试设备的总体设计方案及软件、硬件实现方法,并研制出了相应的测试设备。该设备采用虚拟仪器技术,主要由测控计算机系统、信号控制调理模块和电源组成,主要编程软件为LabWindows CVI8.0。实际工程测试表明：用这种测试方法和设备,能够较详尽地测试出惯性控制系统的性能参数,较准确地进行产品的故障定位,大幅度提高了产品的测试和维修效率,在功能、精度以及实时性等方面都达到了预期的目标。     

航空电子地图及其在导航控制中的应用

航空电子地图着重表示与航空有关的地形要素与航空要素,可供研究航空区域、确定航线、判定飞机位置和飞行方向以及实施空中指挥。作为数据库,嵌入在载体的设备之中,可以作为通信、导航、制导与控制等系统的重要信号源和参考基准,共同完成系统功能及飞行任务。数字高程模型的建立及数据库的研制是航空电子地图研制的关键技术,航空电子地图在飞行模拟器仿真研究、作战指挥、武器系统地形匹配导航等方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

光纤陀螺可视化测试系统设计与实现

叙述了光纤陀螺可视化测试系统的设计方案和实现功能。该系统通过VC＋＋6．0中方便简洁的串口通信控件MSComm来实现光纤陀螺的数据采集，并使用技巧的数据存储方法，存储后的数据通过MATLAB7．0开发的数据处理程序进行处理，所有操作均采用模块化设计和可视化方法，方便和简化了复杂的测试过程。实验结果表明整个测试系统具有准确性、方便性等优点。     

润滑脂数据库的数据模型与功能模块设计

在“百科全书”和“坑口电站”的设计思想指导下，规划设计了润滑脂数据库．这种数据库设计有９条查询途径，查询得到有关润滑脂的各种数据、资料和知识；设计有８个功能模块，使数据库具有查询、选用、代用、故障诊断与失效分析、学习、设计计算和维护等功能，因而数据库具有广泛的应用价值     

基于电子海图显示信息系统的惯性/地磁组合导航

为实现惯导系统长时间高精度导航,以性能优良的电子海图显示信息系统为开发背景,对地磁匹配辅助惯性导航系统进行了设计和仿真实验。在原有电子海图显示信息系统的基础上开发了数据采集模块、地磁数据库模块、惯导/地磁匹配模块、惯导误差估计模块等功能软件,并对各功能模块进行了深入分析。仿真试验结果证明,基于电子海图显示信息系统的惯性/地磁组合导航达到了校正惯性导航系统,实现高精度导航的目的。     

光纤陀螺油井测斜系统硬件研究及设计

为了实现石油测井中井眼轨迹测量，提出了一种基于光纤陀螺油井测斜系统的设计和实现方法，将捷联惯性导航技术应用到油田测井领域。整个系统是以高速数字信号处理器TMS320VC33为核心实现数字滤波和导航解算，以FPGA设计为辅完成DSP外围接口功能，实现对水平井的井斜角、方位角和工具面角的测量。该文重点介绍了惯性测量单元、数据采集与接口电路、通讯电路和导航计算机等方面进行硬件和软件设计，并对已完成的试验样机进行全面测试，达到预期的基本要求。     

GNSS校正某型飞机惯导系统机载设备研制

惯导系统是某型飞机导航综合体的主导航设备，也是该型战斗机飞控和火控的最主要信息源。但装备我军后，惯导的校正问题一直未能解决。由于系统交联的复杂性及对飞行安全影响的重大性，在考虑到诸多限制的前提下，设计了导航计算机软件，解决了众多关键技术，研制了导航校正设备，成功地实现了用GNSS对惯导的校正。     

一种基于数据库描述的电文参数通用解算方法

卫星导航电文参数解算通常采用硬编码方式实现,电文格式、参数编排、参数系数等信息均内嵌在程序代码中,代码可读性、可维护性和可扩充性差。为解决基于超帧、主帧和子帧的固定帧结构的电文参数通用解算问题,提出了一种采用数据库描述电文帧格式、电文参数编排方式以及电文参数结果定制的方法。设计了电文参数通用解算算法以及时间阈值判断算法,通过数据库配置实现不同格式导航电文参数的解算,参数结果根据数据库配置控制输出。采用实际接收的电文进行了测试,结果表明,所提出的方法具有良好的通用性,正确解算了GPS LNAV电文、北斗D1电文和北斗D2电文等3种导航电文参数,电文参数解算实现100%覆盖,参数结果组合输出100%可配置,电文参数增加、删除和修改等完全自适应,避免了电文帧丢失、电文参数更新造成的同一组参数不匹配问题。     

The 7th International Conference on Fluid Mechanics May 24-27,2015,Qingdao,China

正http://www.icfm7.org First Announcement and Call for PapersThe objective of International Conference on Fluid Mechanics(ICFM)is to provide a forum for researchers to exchange new ideas and recent advances in the fields of theoretical,experimental,computational Fluid Mechanics as well as interdisciplinary subjects.It was successfully convened by the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics(CSTAM)in Beijing(1987,     

INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Contributions： The Journal, Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, is pleased to receive papers from engineers and scientists working in various aspects of solid mechanics. All contributions are subject to critical review prior to acceptance and publication.     

基于鲁棒滤波的捷联导引头视线角速度估计方法

针对捷联导引头无法直接获取视线角速度等信息的问题,研究了鲁棒滤波在大气层外飞行器捷联导引头视线角速度估计中的应用。为了建立非线性滤波估计模型,考虑目标视线角速度的慢变特性,采用一阶马尔科夫模型建立了状态方程;推导了视线角速度的解耦模型,并建立了量测方程;考虑到实际应用中存在系统噪声统计特性失准的问题,基于Huber-Based鲁棒滤波方法,设计了视线角速度滤波器,并完成了基于Huber-Based滤波方法和扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的数学仿真。仿真结果表明Huber-Based滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度分别达到0.1140'、0.1423'/s、0.0203'/s2,而扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度仅分别为0.6577'、0.6415'/s、0.0979'/s~2。仿真结果证明了该方法可以有效地估计出相对视线角速度等信息,并且在非高斯噪声的条件下,依然可获得较高的估计精度,具有一定的鲁棒性。     

Guide for authors

正Each of the sections below provides essential information for authors.We recommend that you take the time to read them before submitting a contribution to Acta Mechanica Sinica.We hope our guide to authors may help you navigate to the appropriate section.How to prepare a submission This document provides an outline of the editorial process involved in publishing a scientific paper in Acta Mechanica     

Use specification of multiscale materials for life spanned over macro-, micro-, nano-, and pico-scale

Multiscale material intends to enhance the strength and life of mechanical systems by matching the transmitted spatiotemporal energy distribution to the constituents at the different scale, say—macro, micro, nano, and pico,—, depending on the needs. Lower scale entities are, particularly, critical to small size systems. Large structures are less sensitive to microscopic effects. Scale shifting laws will be developed for relating test data from nano-, micro-, and macro-specimens. The benefit of reinforcement at the lower scale constituents needs to be justified at the macroscopic scale. Filling the void and space in regions of high energy density is considered.Material inhomogeneity interacts with specimen size. Their combined effect is non-equilibrium. Energy exchange between the environment and specimen becomes increasingly more significant as the specimen size is reduced. Perturbation of the operational conditions can further aggravate the situation. Scale transitional functions and/or f_j/j+1 are introduced to quantify these characteristics. They are represented, respectively, by , and (f_mi/ma,f_na/mi,f_pi/na). The abbreviations pi, na, mi, and ma refer to pico, nano, micro and macro.Local damage is assumed to initiate at a small scale, grows to a larger scale, and terminate at an even larger scale. The mechanism of energy absorption and dissipation will be introduced to develop a consistent book keeping system. Compaction of mass density for constituents of size 10⁻¹², 10⁻⁹, 10⁻⁶, 10⁻³ m, will be considered. Energy dissipation at all scales must be accounted for. Dissipations at the smaller scale must not only be included but they must abide by the same physical and mathematical interpretation, in order to avoid inconsistencies when making connections with those at the larger scale where dissipations are eminent.Three fundamental Problems I, II, and III are stated. They correspond to the commonly used service conditions. Reference is made to a Representative Tip (RT), the location where energy absorption and dissipation takes place. The RT can be a crack tip or a particle. At the larger size scales, RT can refer to a region. Scale shifting of results from the very small to the very large is needed to identify the benefit of using multiscale materials.     

Impact non-pénétrant sur le thorax : influence de la courbure sur la propagation des ondesNonpenetrating impact on the thorax: influence of curvature on wave propagation

Theoretical studies of the propagation of impact waves through the thorax are needed to improve the design of bulletproof jackets and blast protections (Fung in ‘Biomechanics Motions, Flow, Stress, and Growth’, Springer-Verlag, 1990; Cooper et al., J. Trauma 40 (1996) S38–S41). The influence of the weak acoustic coupling at the interface between the thoracic wall and the lung were described in (Grimal et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. IIB 329 (2001) 655–662); in this work, we study, within the frame of elastodynamics and with an approximate analytical method, the effects of the curvature of this interface. Results are given in terms of strain energy for the pressure wave, transmitted or converted. Focalisation of energy in the medium representing the lung is important for curvatures measured in humans. To cite this article: Q. Grimal et al., C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 569–574.     

Vérification expérimentale de la relation de réciprocité d'Onsager pour l'électro-osmose et l'électro-filtration dans une argile naturelleExperimental verification of the Onsager's reciprocal relations for electro-osmosis and electro-filtration phenomena on a saturated clay

This Note is devoted to the experimental verification of the Onsager's reciprocal relations in the particular case of electro-osmosis and electro-filtration. A special set up has been designed to carry out the measurements of both the electro-osmotic permeability and the streaming potential. This has been performed by using a natural material i.e., saturated kaolinite. To cite this article: K. Beddiar et al., C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 893–898.