饲料中盐酸克伦特罗、沙丁胺醇高效液相色谱测定

建立了用液相色谱法同时测定饲料中违禁药物盐酸克伦特罗、沙丁胺醇含量的方法 ;样品经甲醇 -盐酸溶液提取后 ,经液 -液萃取、固相萃取小柱净化 ,用ZorbaxCN柱分离 ,二极管阵列检测器检测、外标法定量 ;盐酸克伦特罗、沙丁胺醇的定量下限(w)分别为0.10×10-6 、0.36×10-6,回收率分别大于88 %和74 % ,RSD(n=5)分别小于6.4 %和3.0%。     

Fe(Ⅲ)-8-羟基喹啉极谱络合吸附波的研究

以8-羟基喹啉作为络合剂,用单扫描极谱仪对微量Fe(Ⅲ)的络合吸附波进行了研究。8-羟基喹啉用量为2×10~(-3)mol/L时,用氢氧化钾溶液调节pH值至碱性条件(pH约为12.0),于-0.37V(vs. SCE)处,有一灵敏的阴极波。Fe(Ⅲ)浓度在2.1×10~(-8)～2.6×10~(-6)mol/L范围内与一阶导数波峰高成线性关系。该法可用于准确测定样品中痕量Fe(Ⅲ)。     

棉花植株及土壤中丙硫克百威及其代谢物残留气相色谱测定

研究超声波提取、毛细管气相色谱配氮磷检测器(NPD)检测棉花植株及土壤中丙硫克百威及其代谢物残留 ,各组分回收率83%～110 % ,线性范围0.1～100mg/L,最低检测质量分数0.01×10-6～0.02×10-6(w) ;该法具有简单、快速、节省试剂的特点     

利用粉末微电极检测谷胱甘肽及L-半胱氨酸

本文研究了谷胱甘肽 ( GSH)和 L-半胱氨酸 ( L- cys)在碳粉末微电极上的电化学行为 ,并分别用乙炔黑粉末和 Ketjenblack粉末填充的微电极检测了溶液中GSH和 L- cys的浓度。 GSH和 L- cys在粉末微电极上的检出限分别为 3.4× 1 0 - 6mol/ L和 2 .5× 1 0 - 6 mol/ L,线性范围分别为 3.6× 1 0 - 5～ 4.5× 1 0 - 3mol/ L和 1 .5×1 0 - 5～ 5 .0× 1 0 - 3mol/ L。采用粉末微电极技术完全避免了尿酸和对 -乙酰氨基苯酚对测量谷胱甘肽的干扰 ;0 .0 6mmol/ L的抗坏血酸引起的干扰约为 8%。     

几种动物源性食品中氯霉素残留量的气相色谱双电子俘获检测

研究了几种动物源性食品中氯霉素残留量的气相色谱测定方法;样品中氯霉素残留用乙酸乙酯提取,浓缩至干,溶于氯化钠溶液,用正己烷脱脂,水层再用乙酸乙酯提取,浓缩后用N,O-双(三甲基硅烷基)三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)+1%三甲基氯硅烷(TMCS)衍生,用外标法定量;采用不同极性的色谱柱定性。当添加水平为0.3×10-9～10×10-9(w)时,回收率大于80%,相对标准偏差小于20%,线性相关系数r＝0.999。     

Ru（bipy）3^2＋—CO3^2——SO3^2——KClO3体系化学发光法测定空气中的二氧化硫

提出了Ru(bipy) 2+ 3-CO 2- 3-SO 2- 3-KClO 3体系化学发光法测定溶液中亚硫酸盐的方法.SO 2- 3浓度与化学发光强度在1.0×10-7～1.0×10-4 mol/L 范围内成正比,检出限为8.76×10-8 mol/L,对1.0×10-4 mol/L SO2-3溶液6次测定的相对标准偏差为2.9%.该法用三乙醇胺作为吸收液,成功地用于测定空气中二氧化硫的含量,结果满意.     

纳米石墨烯修饰电极电化学发光法测定盐酸氯丙嗪的研究

基于盐酸氯丙嗪对联吡啶钌电化学发光的增敏作用,以石墨烯(Graphene)和Nafion复合膜修饰的玻碳电极(GCE)为工作电极,建立了一种直接测定盐酸氯丙嗪的电化学发光新方法。最佳实验条件下,盐酸氯丙嗪浓度在8.0×10-7 ~1.2×10-4 mol/L范围内与其相对发光强度呈良好线性关系(r=0.998 8),且在该修饰电极上的检出限(S/N=3)为4.0×10-7 mol/L。连续测定4.0×10-6 mol/L盐酸氯丙嗪溶液11次,发光强度值的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.4%,表明该修饰电极具有较好的重复性和灵敏度。盐酸氯丙嗪的加标回收率为93%~104%,RSD(n=5)为4.1%。将该方法应用于药片中盐酸氯丙嗪的检测,结果满意。     

一种评价离子选择性电极综合性能的新方法及其在盐酸强力霉素PVC膜选择性电极研制中的应用

以电极的响应斜率、响应线性、检出限和响应时间等参数 ,首次提出了一个评价离子选择性PVC膜电极综合性能的新方法———综合性能指数 (ICQ) ,应用ICQ 于以盐酸强力霉素 -四苯硼酸根为电活性物 ,以邻苯二甲酸二丁酯为增塑剂的盐酸强力霉素离子选择性电极的PVC膜成分优选 ;该电极在5.0×10-6～3.2×10-2mol/L范围内呈线性响应 ,斜率为54.5mV/pc,检出限为2.4×10 -6mol/L ;采用直接电位法测定药物片剂中的盐酸强力霉素的含量 ,方法的回收率为99.6%～100.1% ;研究发现 ,当溶液 pH>4时以盐酸强力霉素 -磷钨酸根离子缔合物为电活性物的盐酸强力霉素PVC膜电极呈现超_Nernst响应     

溶出伏安法同时测定水中痕量铀和镍

本文报道了同时测定钴和镍的一种方法.在 0.01mol/L NH_3·H_2O-0.01mol/LNH_4Cl-3.0×10~(-5)mol/L安息香缩氨基硫脲(BTSC)溶液中,钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)均产生非常灵敏的还原波,其峰电位分别是:-0.94和-0.75V(vs.SCE),峰电流与钴和镍的浓度分别在2.0×10~(-8)~1.0×10~(-6)和1.0×10~(-8)~8.0×10~(-7)mol/L范围内成直线关系,该方法用于测定水中痕量钴和镍,相对标准偏差分别为1.4~2.0%和2.1~2.5%,回收率分别在98.0%~101.8%和97.9%~102.1%之间.     

流动注射胶束电化学发光测定过氧化氢的研究

建立了一种简易、快速检测过氧化氢的流动注射电化学发光法。本法基于铂丝阳极在 1.3 V(vs.Ag Cl/Ag)时 ,在含有 Na2 CO3 -Na HCO3 缓冲溶液的 KCl支持电解质中现场产生试剂 ,当注入过氧化氢溶液后即产生电化学发光。加入 Triton X-10 0形成的胶束能增强这一体系的发光强度。该法测定过氧化氢的线性范围为 1.0×10 -7～ 1.0× 10 -5 mol/L,对 4.0× 10 -7mol/L的过氧化氢进行 11次测定的相对标准偏差为 2 .6%。用这一方法对雨水中的过氧化氢进行了测定 ,结果满意。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.