高锰酸根褪色光度法测定微量亚硝酸根

亚硝酸盐广泛存在于水体、食品及环境中 ,它是致癌物亚硝酸铵的前体 ,因此是水质、食品和环境检测的重要指标之一 ,经典的测定方法是α 萘胺比色法[1] ,因α 萘胺为强致癌物 ,故在常规分析中应用逐渐减少 ,色谱法、极谱法因仪器设备复杂或分析耗时 ,不易推广 ,近年来光度法测定     

催化荧光法测定痕量亚硝酸根和硝酸根

亚硝酸盐广泛存在于土壤、天然水、食品等物质中,其易于仲胺、酰胺等反应,生成强烈致癌的亚硝胺化合物,是水污染的指标之一.亚硝酸根的测定通常采用Griess比色法,近年来又报道了极谱法和动力学法.试验发现,在稀磷酸溶液中.亚硝酸根对溴酸钾氧比罗丹明6G的反应有很强的催化作用,据此建立了测定痕量亚硝酸根的催化荧光分析方法,硝酸根可用锌粉还原至亚硝酸根进行测定.本法用于雨水中痕量亚硝酸根和硝酸根的测定,得到了满意结果.     

离子色谱法测定再造烟叶中山梨酸根、磷酸根和柠檬酸根的含量

称取再造烟叶样品0.150 0g,加水50.0mL并振荡提取20min,使样品中的山梨酸根、磷酸根和柠檬酸根溶入水中。所得溶液通过0.45μm滤膜过滤。滤液用0.25mol·L~(-1) NaOH溶液调节其酸度至pH 11.0。取此溶液5mL通过经活化的反相柱净化。弃去前3mL流出液,收集其后的2mL流出液,进行离子色谱分析。选用AS11-HC色谱柱为固定相,进样量为50μL,用KOH溶液作为流动相在不同的时间段流经色谱柱进行梯度洗脱。采用自循环抑制电导检测器测定。测得山梨酸根的线性范围在0.2～4.0mg·L~(-1)之间,磷酸根和柠檬酸根的线性范围均在2.0～40mg·L~(-1)之间,其检出限(3s)依次为0.022,0.015,0.010mg·L~(-1)。按此方法分析3件实样,3种酸根测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.18%～0.74%之间。在此3个样品的基础上,加入标准溶液进行回收试验,测得回收率在97.3%～103%之间。     

稀土离子与硫氰酸根及硝酸根的络合作用

在25℃下,以2MNaClO₄维持水相的离子强度恒定,用离子交换法测定了除Ce和Pm以外的镧系元素及钇与CNS^-和NO₃^-的络合作用。用北京大学6912计算机处理了实验数据。结果表明:(1)RE³⁺与CNS^-的络合作用不大,当[CNS^-]≤1.5M时,主要以RECNS²⁺,RE(CNS)₂⁺及RE(CNS)₃三种络合物形式存在;镧系元素与CNS^-的络合度Y₍₁₎随原子序数Z的增大,总的趋向是增大,钇的Y₍₁₎值为最小。(2)RE²⁺与NO₂⁺的络合作用较弱,当[NO₂⁺]≤1.5M时,主要的络合物是RENO₃²⁺;各镧系元素与NO₃^-的Y₍₁₎随Z的增大,总的趋向是减小,钇的Y₍₁₎值最小。(3)在本实验中,稀土络合离子在树脂上的吸附量是可以忽略不计的。     

导数-比导数光谱法测定硝酸根及亚硝酸根

1引言化学计量学方法由于用数学手段代替了分析化学中常用的化学分离或物理化学分离方法而日益受到人们的关注。导数光谱可消除低频背景干扰,可减少某些物质以及仪器上漂移带来的干扰,并可消除实验中由不同比色皿的透光率不同带来的干扰。本文采用Graen等提出的“减法（加法）技术”求导,从理论上推导了导数一比导数光谱法。并用实验进行了验证。2理论部分在3组分混合液的吸收光谱服从bor定律,且3物质的吸光度满足加和性时有（用Icm比色皿）式中A为混合物在波长i处的吸光度为组分a、b在i波长处的吸光系数,Ca、Cb分别为a、b物质的浓度…     

复杂硝酸体系中叠氮根或亚硝酸根的分析方法

本发明提供一种复杂硝酸体系中叠氮根或亚硝酸根的分析方法,包括以下步骤:(1)将乏燃料处理工艺中的复杂硝酸体系用水稀释至所含硝酸浓度为0.003~0.5 mol/L,其中,复杂硝酸体系至少含有叠氮根或亚硝酸根;(2)将稀释后的复杂硝酸体系通过由中性磷类萃淋树脂装填的固相萃取柱;(3)采用氢氟酸溶液或去除亚硝酸根的硝酸溶液淋洗固相萃取柱;(4)采用氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾溶液洗脱叠氮根或亚硝酸根;(5)将洗脱液用离子色谱仪分析,淋洗液为20~40mmol/L的氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾溶液。本发明的有益效果在于,将固相萃取技术与离子色谱技术相结合进行分析,提供了一种检测下限低、有效避免其它离子干扰且适于大量硝酸体系下叠氮根或亚硝酸根的分析方法。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定朱砂根中的朱砂根皂苷

建立了朱砂根中朱砂根皂苷的反相高效液相色谱分析方法。采用SHIM-PACK VP-ODS色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈-水(体积比为37∶63),流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长205 nm,柱温40 ℃。朱砂根皂苷的进样量为144 ng～57.6 μg时线性关系良好(r=0.9997);加标回收率(n=3)为94.2%～99.4%,相对标准偏差为0.5%～2.0%。方法简便,准确性高,重复性好,适用于朱砂根中朱砂根皂苷的测定。     

离子色谱法测量硝酸根和亚硝酸根国际比对研究

采用离子色谱法对1g/kg量级水平上CCQM-K59国际比对样品中的硝酸根和亚硝酸根校准溶液进行了准确测定。为进一步降低测定结果的不确定度、获得较高的准确度,以高纯硝酸钾和亚硝酸钠配置标准溶液。采用离子色谱法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法,分别对高纯硝酸钾和亚硝酸钠试剂中的主要阴离子和无机元素杂质进行了测定,采用归一化法扣除测定杂质,获得了准确的纯度值。在配置标准溶液时,对固体样品的称量进行了浮力修正;采用单点校准法测量国际比对样品中硝酸根和亚硝酸根的含量,以括号法校正仪器漂移。比对样品中硝酸根和亚硝酸根的含量分别为1.0172 g/kg和1.0139 g/kg,测定结果的相对扩展不确定度分别为0.11%和0.13%,获得了良好的国际等效一致性,在源头上保证了我国硝酸根和亚硝酸根检测领域的量值溯源。     

硝酸根、亚硝酸根和羟胺的脉冲极谱研究

有关硝酸根和亚硝酸根的脉冲极谱测定已有报导,还未见有羟胺的导数脉冲极谱研究报导。基于变价离子和高价阳离子存在下呈现平行于电极反应的极谱催化波和电催化波测定硝酸根和亚硝酸根已早有论述,但是同时呈现催化和电催化波的现象及其机理未见论述。作者发现了这一现象并进行了机理探讨。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.