圆形液体浸没射流冲击核沸腾传热的实验研究

本文严格按照实验程序，系统地研究了核沸腾传热受射流速度大小、液体流动方向、喷嘴直径和液体过冷度等因素的影响。实验结果表明：核沸腾传热曲线随过冷度增加而向左移动，与其它因素无关。池核沸腾和冲击核沸腾曲线可用同一关联式表达。对高速射流冲击驻点的核沸腾曲线及其过冷度进行了修正，使前者向左移动，而后者增加。     

过冷沸腾起始点和净蒸汽产生点的实验研究

本文报告了使用Ｒ－１２作工质进行的自然循环过冷沸腾起始点和净蒸汽产生点的实验结果。实验过程中使用可视化方法观察确定过冷沸腾起始点和净蒸汽产生点。在相当宽广的工质压力、入口过冷度及加热功率范围内研究了上述参数对过冷沸腾起始点和净蒸汽产生点的影响,在此基础上提出了计算自然循环过冷沸腾起始点和净蒸汽产生点的计算方法。     

滞止区内过冷液体喷流沸腾的临界热流密度

本文对高温平板滞止区内三种过冷液体的圆形喷流冲击沸腾的临界热流密度进行了系统的稳态实验研究。考察了过冷度、流速、喷流直径等流动条件对喷流沸腾临界热流密度的影响。建立了预示液体临界热流密度的半经验型方程。     

过冷液体流经水平板槽时过渡沸腾的实验研究

一、引言 受迫流动沸腾传热不仅受流动参数的影响,还受相际分布及流型变化等影响。Nelson等较新研究表明:与池沸腾相比,受迫流动沸腾不存在单一的沸腾曲线,过渡沸腾的变化规律尤其复杂,还会受过冷度的影响。涉及过渡沸腾的分析资料很少见诸报道,过冷液体流动过渡沸腾更少见。     

高压过冷池沸腾换热机理的研究

目前还没有一种被广泛承认的理论能够解释高压过冷池沸腾换热,其机理尚不明确。为了揭示高压池内过冷核沸腾的物理传热机理,并获得气泡脱离频率与活化穴半径的函数关系,根据池内过冷核沸腾加热表面活化穴的分布,在统计方法的基础上,提出了高压池内过冷核沸腾的一个数学模型。从该模型中发现,池内过冷核沸腾热流密度是壁面过热度、液体过冷度、活化穴尺寸、流体的接触角以及流体物理特性的函数。对不同的过冷度,将模型预测的结果与实验数据进行了比较,两者吻合得极好,从而证明了数学模型的可靠性。该解析模型更深刻地揭示了过冷池沸腾换热的物理机理,且没有增加新的经验常数。     

自然循环过冷沸腾净蒸汽产生点的实验研究

本文报告了使用R-12作工质进行的自然循环过冷沸腾净蒸汽产生点的实验结果。实验过程中使用可视化方法观察确定过冷沸腾净蒸汽产生点。在相当宽广的工质压力、入口过冷度及加热功率范围内研究了上述参数对过冷沸腾净蒸汽产生点的影响。实验结果证实,对自然循环流动,汽泡所受的浮升力对净蒸汽产生点的汽泡的脱离有重要影响。据此,本文提出了使用同时考虑浮升力作用的修正的Levy模型计算自然循环过冷沸腾净蒸汽产生点的计算方法。     

过冷液体沿水平板受迫湍流时的膜沸腾传热

本文在前文分析的基础上,提出过冷液体沿水平板受迫湍流时膜沸腾传热的物理模型,建立起相应的数学模拟方法,对轸高流速和过冷度的平板湍流膜沸腾传热作了理论分析,并根据实验数据得到了可供实际工程应用的半经验传热计算式。     

流体高速流经水平板槽时的湍流膜沸腾传热

本文推导了包括饱和与高过冷两种极端情况的液体流动膜沸腾传热的统一半经验表达式,对过冷度的影响作了深入分析,根据特征参数Ja_2将过冷度影响按物理机制划分为三个区域,已为R11的实验数据所直接验证。     

卧式螺旋管内过冷沸腾起始点的实验研究

本文对卧式螺旋管内R134a过冷流动沸腾的起始点进行实验研究,根据壁面温度的变化规律判定过冷沸腾起始点。在热流密度逐渐增大的情况下,对过冷沸腾发生时相关参数的不同变化进行了研究,得到了过冷沸腾起始点上壁面过热度和热流密度随位置的变化规律。分析了入口参数对过冷沸腾起始点的热流密度的影响趋势。对实验数据进行回归分析,发展了适用于卧式螺旋管内过冷沸腾起始点热流密度的经验关联式。     

声空化场下水平圆管沸腾换热的实验研究

以丙酮为实验工质,首次通过实验系统地研究了空化距离、方向、强度和液体过冷度等对水平圆管沸腾传热的影响,并就其机理进行了初步分析。     

Dynamics of explosive boiling and third heat transfer crisis at subcooling on a vertical surface

Results of experimental studies on dynamics of explosive boiling and third heat transfer crisis under the conditions of liquid subcooling are presented for the vertical arrangement of the heat-transfer surface. Acetone was used in experiments at the pressure in the working volume from 20 to 46 kPa and subcooling from 0 to 20 K. The studied processes were recorded. Data on the velocity of evaporation front propagation at liquid subcooling were obtained. These data are compared with the results of calculations according to the models available in the literature. The effect of liquid subcooling on the regions of regime parameters corresponding to explosive boiling and third heat transfer crisis is studied.     

Investigation of transient processes at liquid boiling under nonstationary heat generation conditions

The paper presents results on experimentally investigated dynamics of boiling development and formation of film boiling zones under stepwise heat generation on a horizontally and vertically oriented cylindrical surface in a large volume of Freon-21. Experimental data on the expectation time and boiling temperature, the propagation velocity and structure of evaporation and boiling fronts for different heat flux density both in saturated liquid and in subcooling conditions are obtained. Results of experiments on investigating the nucleation forms under development of nonstationary heat release crisis caused by heat loading on the vertical heater immersed into the volume of liquid (water, ethanol) subcooled to saturation temperature are presented. A calculation ratio for determining the expectation time to the beginning of intense vaporization in water is proposed and compared with experimental data obtained on surfaces with different-size roughness. Peculiarities of evolution of evaporation fronts from incipient bubbles are investigated in the experiments with ethanol. Data on the evaporation front velocity as a function of wall overheating are obtained. The obtained experimental data on the propagation velocity of self-sustained evaporation fronts are compared with the known calculated data.     

竖直环形通道内液氮流动沸腾的MUSIG模型分析 第二部分:径向气泡直径和界面面积浓度的预测

由于考虑了气泡的破裂和聚合,同两流体模型相比,MUSIG模型(多尺寸组模型)能更准确地描述流场内气泡直径。采用MUSIG模型详细分析了不同壁面热流量,液体入口速度,过冷度以及不同管道高度时通道内气泡相界面面积、当地气泡直径、空泡系数等参数沿径向的分布。分析结果表明,MUSIG模型可用来预测泡弹状流型转变区的流动参数,也即该模型拓展了两流体模型的使用范围。     

Pool boiling heat transfer and quench front velocity during quenching of a rodlet in subcooled water: Effects of the degree of subcooling

Pool boiling heat transfer and quench front propagation were investigated during quenching of cylindrical stainless steel rodlets in subcooled water. The degree of subcooling was varied from 0°C (saturated) to 40°C at an increment of 10°C at atmospheric pressure. The results showed that the increase of degree of subcooling accelerates quenching, with the total quenching time being shortened from 90 second (saturated) to 12 second (subcooled by 40°C). As revealed by the boiling curves that were obtained via solving an inverse heat conduction problem in cylindrical coordinates, boiling heat transfer is enhanced significantly for all boiling modes with raising the degree of subcooling. At the highest degree of subcooling of 40°C, the critical heat flux is improved by nearly 300% as compared to that in saturated water. In addition, the rewetting temperature (i.e., Leidenfrost point) was found to increase as a nearly linear function of the degree of subcooling. The quench front was observed to propagate upward from the bottom of the rodlet, which is accelerated noticeably with increasing the degree of subcooling. The average quench front velocity was shown to agree well with the predicted value of an existing theoretical model that was modified to take the influence of subcooling into consideration.     

浮升力对管内水过冷流动沸腾传热特性的影响研究

基于已知的2087组水的过冷流动沸腾传热实验数据,通过努塞尔数(Nu)和格拉晓夫数(Gr)的关系探讨了不同流动方向和加热方式下浮升力对过冷流动沸腾传热性能的影响。对上壁面单边加热水平矩形管内过冷流动沸腾传热进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,向上的浮升力阻碍了气泡向流体中的扩散,使得传热恶化。在增加流速、增大压力和减小过冷度的条件下,Nu均随Gr增加,使过冷流动沸腾传热得到强化。     

光管及窄环隙流道池沸腾换热实验研究

本文在常压下以水为工质,对管外及窄环隙流道池沸腾换热进行了可视化实验,结果表明：汽泡扰动并不是沸腾换热系数高的主要原因,液体过冷使核沸腾的换热能力降低,窄隙流道内的沸腾换热机理与普通的大容积沸腾没有明显区别。文中还根据观察和测量到的结果对一些换热现象重新进行了解释。     

Third heat transfer crisis at subcooling

The effect of liquid subcooling below the saturation temperature on the third heat transfer crisis was studied experimentally at pool boiling. Experimental data on the threshold values of superheating and heat fluxes, above which the evaporation front and third heat transfer crisis for acetone at subcooling from 0.3 to 10 K are formed, were shown. Formation of evaporation fronts is the necessary, but not sufficient condition for the third heat transfer crisis at subcooling. It was found that formation of a stable vapor film after propagation of condensation fronts over the heater surface is possible at heat fluxes considerably lower than the first critical one.