气相色谱-质谱法测定大鼠血浆和肝匀浆中丙二醛含量

提出了用气相色谱-质谱法测定大鼠血浆和肝匀浆中丙二醛(MDA)含量。样品与1.0mol.L-1氢氧化钠溶液在60℃水浴中反应60min产生丙二醛,加入五氟苯肼(PFPH)衍生化试剂进行衍生化,所得衍生化产物通过HP-5MS色谱柱分离,采用电子轰击离子源选择离子监测模式进行质谱测定。丙二醛-五氟苯肼衍生物(MDA-PFPH)定量离子为m/z 234,内标物甲基丙二醛衍生物(Me-MDA-PFPH)定量离子为m/z248。血浆和肝匀浆中丙二醛的线性范围分别为1.0～50.0μmol.L-1和50～500μmol.L-1,加标回收率分别在94.6%～103%和93.2～106%之间。方法的日内、日间相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于5%。     

高效液相色谱法测定含脂羊毛中灭蝇胺和环虫腈

建立了高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定含脂羊毛中的灭蝇胺和环虫腈的方法及HPLC-MS/MS确证方法。样品用80mL1%三氯乙酸溶液超声提取,MCX柱净化,Hypersil NH2色谱柱分离,水-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,214nm检测,HPLC-MS/MS确证。在正离子电喷雾电离(ESI+)模式下,环虫腈[M+H]+及2个主要的特征离子分别为m/z191.0,150.0和163.0;灭蝇胺[M+H]+及2个主要的特征离子分别为m/z167.0,85.0和125.0。在0.05～5.0mg/L范围内,灭蝇胺和环虫腈均有良好的线性关系,相关系数均为0.9999。本方法的检出限灭蝇胺为0.02mg/kg,环虫腈为0.01mg/kg。方法的平均加标回收率:灭蝇胺为95.0%～99.9%,环虫腈为83.6%～92.2%。     

同位素编码衍生-分散液液微萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测大鼠脑微透析液中儿茶酚胺

为实现微量大鼠脑微透析液中3种儿茶酚胺化合物的高灵敏检测,采用d0/d3-10-甲基-吖啶酮-2-磺酰氯(d0/d3-MASC)为同位素编码衍生化试剂,联合使用超声辅助分散液液微萃取技术,建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UHPLC-MS/MS)快速测定多巴胺(DA)、肾上腺素(EP)和去甲肾上腺素(NE)的分析方法。分别以d0-MASC和d3-MASC衍生微透析液样品和对照品,混合后采用分散液液微萃取技术富集净化,再进行UHPLC-MS/MS检测,以d3-MASC衍生物作为相应d0-MASC衍生物的内标物进行定量。结果表明,在p H 10.8乙腈水溶液中于37℃衍生反应3 min,即可实现待测物的完全分离与检测,3种儿茶酚胺化合物的线性范围为0.02~10.0 nmol/L,相关系数大于0.995,检出限为0.005~0.010 nmol/L,定量下限为0.018~0.040 nmol/L。该方法与已报道方法相比具有显著优势,能够满足大鼠脑微透析液中儿茶酚胺的检测要求。     

高效液相色谱-质谱联用法同时测定体液中麻黄碱和秋水仙碱

建立了血液与尿液中麻黄碱和秋水仙碱的高效液相色谱-质谱联用(HPLC-MS)的同时测定方法。血液与尿液样品经三氟乙酸-乙腈(1∶99)溶液提取后,用Waters Oasis(MCX固相萃取小柱进行净化,在XDB-C8柱上以甲醇-0.04%(体积分数)三氟乙酸(33+67)为流动相,采用电喷雾电离(ESI)在选择离子监测(SIM)模式下测定。定量分析离子:麻黄碱(m/z)166[M+H]+;秋水仙碱(m/z)400[M+H]+。麻黄碱和秋水仙碱在4.0~1 000.0和6.0~1 000.0μg.L-1范围内均呈线性关系,检出限分别为4.0和6.0μg.L-1,回收率在81.0%~109.0%范围内,其日内精密度<6.4%,日间精密度<9.9%。     

电喷雾电离-串联质谱法测定纺织皮革产品中4,4-二氨基二苯醚

在不需要色谱分离的前提下,应用电喷雾电离-串联质谱法(ESI-MS/MS)对纺织品中偶氮染料还原产物4,4′-二氨基二苯醚进行测定。在MS/MS中,选择电喷雾离子源,以正离子扫描,选择离子监测模式和二级选择反应监测模式对4,4′-二氨基二苯醚进行定性和定量检测。以[M+H](m/z201)为母离子,选择其二级离子中碎片离子[M+H-NH3](m/z184)和[M+H-C6H7N](m/z108)为子离子。方法的检出限(19S/N)为70 ng.L-1。以1 ng.L-14,4′-二氨基二苯醚溶液进样2μL,平行测定9次,峰面积测定值的相对标准偏差为1.7%。     

2,4-二硝基苯醛腙的APCI-MS/MS研究

环境样品中的微量醛酮常用2,4-二硝基苯肼将其衍生化为2,4-二硝基苯腙(DNPH),然后通过配置大气压化学电离源(APCI)的HPLC-MS/MS进行分离测定[1].APCI源产生的离子寿命长达10 μs,足够离子和离子之间、离子和分子之间在离子源及离子阱内发生反应,MS/MS产生的离子机理通常比较复杂.本文为了探究醛类化合物的2,4-二硝基苯腙衍生物的(-)APCI-MS/MS行为,找出其裂解规律,对甲醛、乙醛和丙醛的2,4-二硝基苯腙衍生物作了(-)APCI-MS/MS,结果均出现m/z 76、120、151、179离子,情形与Stephan Kolliker等人报道的丙酮腙的结果相符,明显不同之处是醛腙的MS/MS都出现m/z 163离子强信号,笔者认为后者可能为m/z 179离子失去1个氧原子而生成了苯并三唑离子.     

新型3-氧-3-芳基-2-芳基腙-丙腈衍生物的合成及其抗癌活性

以取代苯甲酸、乙腈和取代苯胺为原料,经4步反应合成了31个3-氧-3-芳基-2-芳基腙-丙腈衍生物(5a~5z和5Ⅰ~5Ⅴ),其中5a~5z为新化合物,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS表征。以STAT3抑制剂姜黄素和Stattic为对照,测试了5对人肝癌细胞、人前列腺癌细胞、人乳腺癌细胞(三株STAT3相关细胞)及小鼠胚胎细胞(STAT3低表达细胞)的抑制活性。结果表明:3-氧-3-(4'-氯苯基)-2-(4″-乙酰苯腙)-丙腈(5e)对受试细胞均有较好的抑制活性,IC50分别为6.01μmol·L-1,7.10μmol·L-1,9.00μmol·L-1和9.89μmol·L-1。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定稻米和稻壳中井冈霉素A的残留

本文建立了稻米和稻壳中井冈霉素A的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。样品用甲醇-水(9+1)涡旋提取,过滤膜后进行HPLC-MS/MS分析。用多反应监测技术确定井冈霉素A的两对离子对m/z498.2/178.1、m/z498.2/336.1为定性离子对,m/z498.2/178.1为定量离子对。方法的线性范围为0.005～0.2mg/L,其中稻壳的线性相关系数为0.9993,稻米的线性相关系数为0.9988。稻米、稻壳的0.05、0.1、0.5 mg/kg三个浓度的添加回收率为71.6%～88.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.89%～8.16%。方法的定量限(LOQ)为5μg/kg。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定血浆中双氯芬酸钠的含量

提出了应用气相色谱-质谱法测定血浆中双氯芬酸钠含量。血浆样品中双氯芬酸钠经盐酸提取,并加入三甲基硅烷衍生化试剂进行衍生化,所得衍生化产物经萃取、净化后供气相色谱分离及质谱测定。采用选择离子质谱扫描方式,供试品双氯芬酸钠-三甲基硅烷衍生物定量选择离子检测质荷比为m/z367,内标物布洛芬-三甲基硅烷衍生物定量选择离子检测质荷比为m/z263。双氯芬酸钠的线性范围为0.005～5.0mg·mL-1,检出限(3S/N)为0.5μg.L-1。方法回收率在94.6%～97.4%之间,日内、日间相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于5%。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法对家畜尿液中苯乙醇胺A残留检测研究

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测猪尿、牛尿和羊尿中苯乙醇胺A残留的方法。尿液经酶解、加入内标物、乙酸乙酯萃取、MCX固相萃取柱净化后,供HPLC-MS/MS检测。采用电喷雾离子源正模式,在多反应检测(MRM)模式下分析,苯乙醇胺A定性离子对分别为m/z 345/150和345/327,定量离子对为m/z 345/327;苯乙醇胺A内标物定性离子对为m/z 348/330,定量离子对为m/z 348/330。苯乙醇胺A含量在0～50.0μg/L范围内的线性关系良好(R2=0.9990);检出限为0.03μg/L,定量限为0.1μg/L。在猪尿、牛尿和羊尿中的回收率分别78.4%～82.9%,85.7%～93.3%和79.8%～84.9%;相对标准偏差分别为0.8%～4.2%,1.6%～5.6%和2.9%～5.8%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.