Accurate segmentation of leukocyte in blood cell images using Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy and interval Type II fuzzy set theory

In this paper automatic leukocyte segmentation in pathological blood cell images is proposed using intuitionistic fuzzy and interval Type II fuzzy set theory. This is done to count different types of leukocytes for disease detection. Also, the segmentation should be accurate so that the shape of the leukocytes is preserved. So, intuitionistic fuzzy set and interval Type II fuzzy set that consider either more number of uncertainties or a different type of uncertainty as compared to fuzzy set theory are used in this work. As the images are considered fuzzy due to imprecise gray levels, advanced fuzzy set theories may be expected to give better result. A modified Cauchy distribution is used to find the membership function. In intuitionistic fuzzy method, non-membership values are obtained using Yager's intuitionistic fuzzy generator. Optimal threshold is obtained by minimizing intuitionistic fuzzy divergence. In interval type II fuzzy set, a new membership function is generated that takes into account the two levels in Type II fuzzy set using probabilistic T co norm. Optimal threshold is selected by minimizing a proposed Type II fuzzy divergence. Though fuzzy techniques were applied earlier but these methods failed to threshold multiple leukocytes in images. Experimental results show that both interval Type II fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy methods perform better than the existing non-fuzzy/fuzzy methods but interval Type II fuzzy thresholding method performs little bit better than intuitionistic fuzzy method. Segmented leukocytes in the proposed interval Type II fuzzy method are observed to be distinct and clear.     

基于PSO和模糊划分熵的水下图像分割

在水下环境中,由于存在着水体对光线的吸收以及照明不均等原因,水下图像具有信噪比低、边缘模糊等特点。如果直接使用传统的分割方法,对水下图像进行处理后的效果较差。传统的基于最大熵原理的阈值法尽管能实现某些特定的分割任务,但是其时效性较差。而粒子群算法(PSO)是一类随机全局优化技术,该算法简单易实现,可调参数少。因此将群体智能中的粒子群优化算法应用到图像分割中。新方法在重新定义模糊熵的基础上,根据最大熵原理,利用粒子群算法来搜索分割阈值。相对于传统的利用穷举法来搜索分割阈值的算法,新方法大大减少了计算时间,提高了效率。通过对水下图像处理实验证明,该算法对简单背景的图像分割是有效的,和传统分割方法相比,具有更强的自适应性和抗噪性能。