高碘酸钾氧化中性红催化光度法测定痕量铱

在稀硫酸介质中 ,铱催化高碘酸钾氧化中性红 (NR)褪色 ,据此建立了测定痕量铱的新催化光度法。本法线性范围为 0～2 4× 1 0 -3 μg mL ,检出限为 9.2× 1 0 -5μg mL。对 0 .0 50 μgIr(Ⅳ )测定的相对标准偏差为 1 .3% (n =1 0 )。考察了 40多种共存离子的影响 ,允许 50倍量的Ru(Ⅲ ) ,50 0倍量的Au(Ⅲ ) ,2 50 0倍量的Pt(Ⅳ )、Pd(Ⅱ )及Rh(Ⅲ )存在。本法已用于冶金产品及岩矿中铱的测定 ,其相对标准偏差为 1 .1 %～2 .4% ,标准加入回收率为 97.8%～1 0 2 .6%。     

高碘酸钾氧化偶氮胭脂红B动力学光度法测定微量钌

在 Ru( )催化高碘酸钾氧化偶氮胭脂红 B的褪色反应基础上 ,提出了测定钌的新催化光度法。钌质量浓度在 0～ 2 .8μg/ 2 5 m L范围内符合比尔定律 ,检出限为 3.83× 1 0 -4 μg/ m L。对 1 .0 μg/ 2 5 m L Ru( )测定的相对标准偏差为 3.8% ( n=1 1 )。催化反应的表观活化能为 5 1 .9k J/ mol,为假一级反应     

甲苯胺蓝指示反应动力学光度法测定痕量钌

在磷酸和热水浴中 ,钌 (Ⅲ )对高碘酸钾氧化甲苯胺蓝的反应具有催化作用 ,据此建立了测定钌的新催化光度法。钌在 0～ 0 .0 5 0 μg/ 2 5ml范围内与催化反应速率有良好的线性关系 ,检出限为 5 .5 3× 10 - 5μg·ml- 1。对 0 .0 30 μg/ 2 5ml钌 (Ⅲ )测定的相对标准偏差为 2 .0 % (n =11)。该催化反应对钌 (Ⅲ )和甲苯胺蓝分别为一级反应 ,其表观活化能为 5 0 .2 6kJ·mol- 1。试验了 4 0多种共存离子的影响 ,大多数的常见离子不干扰。该方法用于岩矿和冶金产品中钌的测定 ,相对标准偏差为 2 .1%～ 2 .4 % ,标准加入回收率为 10 0 .1%～ 10 5 .4 %。     

钌催化高碘酸钾氧化丽春红G动力学光度法测定微量钌

在硫酸介质和热水浴中，Ru(Ⅲ）催化高碘酸钾氧化丽春红G（间-二甲苯-4，1-偶氮-2-萘酚-3，6-二磺酸基钠盐）褪色，由此建立了测定痕量钌的新催化光度法。钌的质量浓度在0-0.012μg/mL范围内符合比尔定律，线性回归方程为lg(A0/A)=-0.02798 45.7871c(μg/mL）,r=0.9977。对0.01μg/mL Ru（Ⅲ）测定的相对标准偏差为2.5%（n=11)。催化反应的表观活化能为58.55kJ/mol。催化反应对丽春红G和钌（Ⅲ）分别为一级反应。试验了40多种共存离子的影响。该方法已用于岩矿和冶金产品中痕量钌的测定，相对标准偏差为1.2%-2.2%，标准加入回收率为96.0%-106.1%。     

亚甲基蓝-高碘酸钾催化动力学光度法测定痕量钌(Ⅲ)

在稀H_2SO_4介质中及加热85℃的条件下,钌(Ⅲ)对KIO_4氧化亚甲基蓝的褪色反应具有显著的催化作用,建立了一个催化动力学光度法测定痕量钌(Ⅲ)的新分析方法.探讨了该催化反应的最佳实验条件.非催化反应吸光度A_0与催化反应吸光度A之间的差值△A与钌(Ⅲ)质量浓度ρ在0～0.06μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为2.37×10~(-10)g/mL.测定了动力学参数,反应为准一级反应,表观速率常数为3.63×10~(-4)/s,表观活化能为58.13 kJ/mol.对1.0μg Ru(Ⅲ)测定的相对标准偏差RSD为1.7%(n=11).方法用于分子筛样品中痕量钌(Ⅲ)的测定,回收率98.3%.     

固绿FCF催化动力学光度法测定痕量钌

研究了钌(Ⅲ)催化高碘酸钾氧化固绿FCF褪色反应的反应条件, 测定了该反应的反应级数和表观活化能, 并建立了测定钌的新动力学光度法. 在选定实验条件下, 非催化反应体系与催化反应体系在633 nm波长处的吸光度差值与钌(Ⅲ)的质量浓度在0～0.001 μg/mL及0.001～0.0025 μg/mL范围内有良好的线性关系, 检出限为 9.53×10-11 g/mL. 对0.001 μg/mL钌(Ⅲ)测定11次标准偏差为1.7%, 方法的选择性好, 灵敏度高, 可用于钌精矿及合成样中痕量钌的测定.     

铱催化偶氮胭脂红B氧化高碘酸钾体系的研究及其分析应用

在稀硫酸介质中 ,基于铱对高碘酸钾氧化偶氮胭脂红B(ABX)褪色反应的催化作用 ,建立了一个测定铱的动力学光度分析方法。非催化体系与催化体系在 5 1 0mm波长处的吸光度差值与铱的浓度在 0～ 1 2 μg 2 5mL范围内有良好的线性关系 ,检出限为 7 83× 1 0 -10 g mL。对 0 5 μg 2 5mLIr(Ⅳ )测定 1 1次的相对标准偏差为 1 3 0 %。考察了 3 0多种共存离子的影响 ,允许 2 0 0倍的Ag+ ,2 0倍的Pt(Ⅳ ) ,1 0倍的Au(Ⅲ )、Pd(Ⅱ )和Rh(Ⅲ )存在 ,方法有较好的选择性。用于冶金产品及岩矿中铱测定的相对标准偏差为 1 40 %～ 1 68% ,加标回收率为 98 2 %～ 1 0 3 3 %。     

甲基红-高碘酸钾催化光度法测定铱

在稀硫酸介质中 ,铱可催化高碘酸钾氧化甲基红褪色 ,据此建立了一个测定铱的催化光度新方法。铱的浓度在 0～ 2 .0μg/ 2 5 m L范围内与催化反应速率呈线性关系 ,检出限为 6.44× 1 0 - 4μg/ m L。对 0 .1 μg Ir( )及 1 .0 μg Ir( )独立测定 1 0次的相对标准偏差分别为 1 .98%和 1 .82 %。本法对冶金产品和岩矿中铱测定的相对标准偏差为 0 .64%～ 2 .30 %,标准加入回收率为 98.8%～ 1 0 3.8%。     

橙黄G催化动力学光度法测定痕量钌

研究了钌(Ⅲ)催化KIO4氧化橙黄G(OG)褪色反应的反应条件,测定了该反应的反应级数和表现活化能,并建立了一个测定钌的新动力学光度法。在选定的实验条件下,非催化反应体系与催化反应体系在470nm波长处的吸光度差值与钌(Ⅲ)的质量浓度在0 50～6 0ng/mL范围内有良好的线性关系,检出限为4.4×10-8g/L。对2 0ng/mL钌(Ⅲ)测定11次的相对标准偏差为1 4%。方法可用于冶金产品及岩矿中痕量钌的测定。     

孔雀石绿-KIO4催化动力学光度法测定痕量钌

在H2SO4介质中及80 ℃的条件下, 钌对KIO4氧化孔雀石绿的褪色反应有明显催化作用, 探讨了反应的最佳条件, 据此建立了催化动力学光度法测定钌的新方法. 非催化反应吸光度A0与催化反应吸光度A之间的差值ΔA与Ru(Ⅲ)质量浓度在0.1～1.5 μg/25 mL范围内具有良好的线性关系, 检出限为4.31×10-10 g/mL. 测定了动力学参数, 反应为准一级反应, 表观速率常数为3.52×10-4 s, 表观活化能为46.97 kJ/mol. 该方法用于分子筛样品及活性炭样品中痕量钌的测定, 其回率在98.6%～104.8%之间, 符合痕量分析的要求.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.