离子色谱法测定药品中抗坏血酸

建立离子色谱法测定药品中抗坏血酸含量的方法。以SH-AC-3型阴离子交换柱为分离柱,以12.0 mmol/LNaHCO₃溶液为淋洗液,流量为1.0 mL/min,柱温为30 ℃,采用等度洗脱的方式将抗坏血酸与氟化物、氯化物、亚硝酸盐、溴化物、硝酸盐、磷酸盐和硫酸盐等常见阴离子完全分离,通过抑制电导检测器检测,色谱峰面积标准曲线法定量。抗坏血酸的色谱峰面积与其质量浓度在3.0～500.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 3,方法检出限为2.7 mg/L。该方法用于维生素C针剂和片剂中抗坏血酸含量的测定,样品加标回收率为95.1%～101.6%,5次平行测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.55%～2.79%(n=5)。该方法操作简便,检测快速,可用于维生素C针剂和片剂中抗坏血酸含量的测定。     

离子色谱法同时测定药品中巴比妥酸和硝酸盐

建立离子色谱–抑制电导检测法同时测定巴比妥酸和硝酸盐的分析方法。以SH-AC-3型阴离子交换柱为分离柱,以5.0 mmol/L Na₂CO₃溶液为淋洗液,流量为1.0 mL/min,采用等度洗脱的方式将巴比妥酸和硝酸盐与氟化物、氯化物、磷酸盐和硫酸盐等常见阴离子完全分离,通过抑制电导检测。巴比妥酸的质量浓度在0.10～50.0 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.999 9;硝酸盐的质量浓度在0.10～50.0 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.999 3。巴比妥酸和硝酸盐的检出限分别为0.10 mg/L和0.03 mg/L,加标回收率分别为90.4%～101.4%和98.0%～101.3%,5次平行测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为1.71%～2.39%和1.21%～2.66%。该方法操作简便、快速,可用于巴比妥、苯巴比妥和维生素B12等样品中巴比妥酸和硝酸盐的定量分析。     

钙、镁、铁、铝离子对土壤中总氟化物检测干扰的消除

建立钙、镁、铁、铝离子对离子选择电极法检测土壤总氟化物干扰的消除方法。通过对含不同浓度水平钙、镁、铁、铝离子的土壤样品中总氟化物进行测试,明确了在总离子强度调节缓冲溶液共存下钙、镁、铁、铝离子对土壤提取液中总氟化物检测结果存在负干扰。通过测试10种土壤样品总氟化物提取液中干扰最强的背景铝含量,对其中土壤提取液中铝离子质量浓度大于10.0 mg/L的3种土壤样品进行加标回收试验,结果表明了土壤总氟化物含量为327～926 mg/kg范围内,当样品提取液中的铝离子含量为50～100 mg/L时,通过减少提取液取样体积为5.00 mL并增加柠檬酸三钠总离子强度缓冲溶液体积至15.0 mL的方法可将加标回收率由56.4%～78.3%优化至94.7%～104.0%;当加入Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+),Fe~(3+)质量浓度为200～300 mg/L,加标回收率由63.1%～77.6%优化为92.4%～105.0%。用优化后的方法测定土壤总氟化物含量为246～2 240 mg/kg的5种标准样品,测试结果与标准值一致。该方法能有效地消除土壤样品总氟化物测定中含钙、镁、铁离子质量浓度为200～300 mg/L,铝离子质量浓度为50～100 mg/L而产生的干扰,具有良好的适用性。     

海产品中氟、溴、碘与硫的电导-紫外串联检测离子色谱法分析

建立了电导-紫外串联检测离子色谱法测定海产品中氟、溴、碘和硫的分析方法.采用干灰化法和LC-SCX(3 mL)柱净化处理样品,选用IonPac AS14(250 mm×4 mm i.d.)分析柱和IonPac AG14(50 mm×4 mm i.d.)保护柱,3.5 mmol/L Na2CO3-1.0 mmol/L NaHCO3为淋洗液,抑制电导和紫外检测器同时检测.氟化物和硫酸盐采用电导法检测,以提高灵敏度;溴化物、溴酸盐、碘化物和碘酸盐使用紫外法检测,以消除氯化物的干扰.在优化条件下,整个分析过程15 min内完成. 氟、溴、碘和硫的方法检出限为 0.3 ～3.2 mg/kg,相对标准偏差(n=8)为0.5% ～4.9%,测定海带、紫菜和虾皮样品的回收率为81% ～106%.     

密闭熔融–离子色谱法测定土壤中氟化物

建立测定土壤中氟化物的离子色谱法。在0.100 0 g土壤样品中加入0.800 g氢氧化钠和1 mL去离子水,于220 ℃下密闭熔融土壤样品6 h,采用Ion Pac AS19型离子色谱柱,以20 mmol/L氢氧化钾溶液为淋洗液,利用离子色谱法测定土壤中的氟化物含量。氟离子质量浓度在0～10 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 8,方法检出限为2.5 mg/kg。氟化物测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.49%～5.53%(n=7)。采用所建方法对标准物质GBW 07446、GBW 07388和GBW 07407进行测定,测定值与标准值的相对误差为1.09%～1.83%。该方法具有高效率、低危险、低污染、低成本的特点,适用于土壤样品中氟化物的测定。     

离子交换色谱法检测离子液体中阴离子

建立了用阴离子交换分离柱、化学抑制模式、电导检测测定系列离子液体中BF-4阴离子及其他杂阴离子(F-、Cl-、Br-)含量的方法,并用于在线监控离子液体合成工艺中阴离子杂质含量.确定淋洗液组成为1.6 mmol/L Na2CO3+3.9 mmol/L NaHCO3,流速为0.6 mL/min.本方法对所测阴离子检出限分别为50 μg/L(F-、Br-)和80 μg/L(BF-4);线性范围在3个数量级以上;r＞0.999;回收率在98%～102%之间.方法用于对离子液体小试工艺样品分析及过程监控时,结果满意,样品的RSD小于2.6%(n＝6).     

抑制电导检测-离子色谱法测定面粉中的溴酸盐

采用离子色谱-抑制电导检测方法分离测定面粉中的溴酸盐.采用IonPacAS19阴离子色谱柱（Dionex）,以20.0mmol/LKOH溶液作流动相,方法BrO3^-检出限为0.015mg/L（进样体积50μL,S/N=3）,标准曲线的线性范围为0.04～2.0mg/L（r=0.999 9）,相对标准偏差为2.5%（n=8）.用本方法测定面粉样品,加标回收率在82%～105%之间.实验表明,本方法准确、灵敏、重复性好,结果令人满意.     

食品中亚硫酸盐的离子色谱法测定

建立了食品中亚硫酸盐的离子色谱检测方法. 样品采用40 mmol/L NaOH溶液提取, 甲醛作稳定剂, 经ENVI-Carb活性碳小柱除去提取液中的色素, 石油醚除去提取液中的油脂, 用配有电导检测器的离子色谱仪测定. 以AS9-HC为色谱柱, 流动相为8 mmol/L Na2CO3-2.5 mmol/L NaOH, 亚硫酸盐的残留量在0～6.0 mg/L的范围内线性关系良好, 相关系数为0.9989, 相对标准偏差为1.3%～9.1%, 回收率在88.4%～98.1%之间.     

吸附柱分离-离子色谱法测定锑中微量硫

建立了吸附柱分离-离子色谱法测定锑样中微量硫的方法.方法采用王水,氢溴酸,浓HCl等试剂将锑样溶解,并使锑样中的硫转化为SO42-,低温加热蒸干,使锑完全挥发.然后在氧化铝柱上过柱,用氨水洗脱,最后将处理好的样品溶液注入离子色谱系统进行分析测定.优化了离子色谱操作条件,以流速为1.2 mL/min的3.5 mmol/L的Na2CO3与1.0 mmol/L的NaHCO3作为淋洗液,对标准液和样品溶液的测定,线性范围为0.2～100 μg/mL,检出限为0.2 μg/mL,回收率为92.9%～103.1%,该法适合锑样中微量硫的测定.     

离子色谱法同时测定尿液中草酸和硫氰酸盐

建立抑制电导检测-离子色谱法同时测定尿样中草酸和硫氰酸盐的方法.通过试验优化确定了各项色谱条件,以SH-AC-3型阴离子交换柱为分离柱,以10.0 mmol/L Na2CO3为淋洗液,流量为1.0 mL/min,等度洗脱可将草酸和硫氰酸盐与尿液中大量共存的氯化物、磷酸盐和硫酸盐等常见阴离子完全分离,采用抑制电导检测.草...     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.