悬汞电极阳极溶出伏安法 Ⅲ.铍化合物中镉和铅的测定

用悬汞电极阳极溶出伏安法,以硫酸铍为支持电解质,测定硫酸铍及氧化铍中的镉与铅。硫酸铍适宜浓度为0.1—0.4M,PH1—3.5。测定镉与铅的灵敏度分别为4.4×10~(-8)M及2.5×10~(-8)M。相对偏差在±3.5％以内。     

铁的单点络合滴定法研究

本研究了Ｆｅ＾３＋的单点络合滴定法，导出了定量关系式，比较了以铂电极为指示电极和以ＰＶＣ膜四氯络铁（Ⅲ）阴离子电极为指示电极时电位测量的稳定性及所得的分析结果。在Ｆｅ＾３＋浓度为１．０００×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，１８次实验的平均值为１．０２×１０＾－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，相对偏差小于１．７％；Ｆｅ＾３＋在５．０×１０＾３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ以上时，相对偏差小于０．１％；其浓度小于１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ而大于５×１     

铁卟啉修饰电极测定水中溶解氧的研究

本文报道用四苯基铁卟啉修饰玻炭电极循环伏安法测定水中溶解氧的研究结果。所用的修饰电极经热处理后对催化氧还原其有很高的稳定性.该电极经一年半使用累计循环伏安扫描达1860次以上,其相对CV响应偏差<±5％。用铁卟啉修饰电极测水中溶解氧与用经典的碘量法比较得到良好的线性关系。用上述电极测定实际水样中的溶解氧与碘量法比较误差<±6％。重复测定八次水样相对标准偏差为2％。该分析方法操作简便、快速,所用电极性能稳定,首次为铁卟啉化学修饰电极用于分析水中溶解氧提供了一种新方法。     

双精度CPA矩阵——光度法同时测定镍钴锰

提出了一个用双精度ＣＰＡ矩阵－光度法同时测定镍，钴，锰的新方法，方法克服了ＣＰＡ矩阵求逆过程中病态方程带来的误差，使测定结果的相对偏差小于±２％，适于工业废水的测定。     

流动注射不可逆双安培法测定二苯胺磺酸盐

通过配合0.5mol·L-1硫酸溶液中二苯胺磺酸根在一支铂电极上的氧化和0.05mol·L-1硫酸溶液中高锰酸根在另一支铂电极上的还原,构建了类似可逆电对的双安培检测体系,在两铂电极间电位差为OV时,实现了流动注射不可逆双安培法测定二苯胺磺酸盐。二苯胺磺酸盐溶液和高锰酸钾溶液被隔离在两个用盐桥相连的电极室中,以避免两者发生化学均相反应。在试验条件下,回路电流与二苯胺磺酸根的浓度在2.0×10-6-2.0×10-4mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限为7.0×10-7mol·L-1(S／N=3)。连续11次测定1.0×10-5mol·L-1二苯胺磺酸钠,电流值的RSD为0.52％。方法简单快速,可用于工业产品中二苯胺磺酸盐的测定。     

合成食用色素柠檬黄选择性电极的研制和应用

本文研究了以十二烷基三庚基碘化铵-柠檬黄缔合物为活性材料的PVC膜电极和涂丝电极,两电极对柠檬黄浓度在1.0×10~(-6)～1.0×10~(-3)mol/L间的响应符合Nernst关系式,斜率为20.0±1.0mV/PC(22℃),pH范围为4.0～9.4,电极的选择性、重现性和稳定性良好。对样品的测定结果与分光光度法测定结果基本一致。该方法简便、准确、可靠。     

光电导材料硒、砷、碲的X射线荧光光谱测定

采用溶液-滤纸片法制样,工作曲线归一化消除制样过程中因温度、溶液用量及纸源等不同引起的误差,使X射线荧光光谱法测定Se(70—95％)、As(1—7％)、Te(4—18％)光电导材料的平均相对偏差分别为±0.1％,±1％及±0.5％。试样分析结果与化学法吻合。标准系列的制备以5mg/mL的单一标准溶液(酸度为3.0mol/L HNO_3)按表1百分含量配制一系列混合标准溶液,使每毫升该试液含Se、As、Te总量为4毫克。取上述混合标准溶液0.5毫升滴加在φ50毫米中速定量滤纸上(滤纸予先铺放在平板玻璃     

硝酸肼的量热研究

用精密自动绝热量热计测定了在220 K—370 K温度范围内硝酸肼的热容、熔化热、熔化温度和熔化熵。所得热容数据的精密度以百分偏差的均方根值表示为±0.2％。三次熔化热测定的相对偏差为±0.1％。为验证结果的可靠性, 用该装置测定了冰的熔化热和熔化温度, 其结果与文献值一致; 又用法国SETARAM公司的高温量热计测定了硝酸肼的熔化热和熔化温度, 其结果与我们用量热法测定的结果一致; 从量热结果计算出了该试样的纯度, 该结果亦与化学分析的结果一致。这些均可说明我们所测得的数据是可靠的。     

离子选择电极互参电位法同时测定煤粉中的F~-和Cl~-

本文叙述一种离子选择电极同时测定二种不同离子的分析技术——离子选择电极互参电位法的基本原理,计算公式和操作技术,并用于同时测定煤粉中的F~-和Cl~-,熔剂为Na_2CO_3-MgO-KNO_3三元混合物。Br~-的干扰可加入AgCl粉末除去。方法简便。样品分析的相对标准偏差<±5％。     

微渗析取样-羧基化多壁碳纳米管修饰电极色谱电化学用于活体检测的研究

研制了一种新型的羧基化多壁碳纳米管修饰电极作为液相色谱电化学检测器;并将该修饰电极与高效液相色谱联用有效地分离和检测了半胱氨酸(Cys)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)两种巯基化合物,其检出限分别为1.2×10-7mol／L和2.2×10-7mol／L;结合微渗析活体取样技术测定了大鼠脑内纹状体中Cys和GSH的浓度分别为(2.22±0.16)×10-6mol／L和(2.75±0.14)×10-6mol／L,标准加入回收率分别为96%和103%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.