水热法合成立方氮化硼微晶

低温低压条件下, 在水溶液中利用反应耦合效应成功地合成了立方氮化硼微晶. 利用X射线衍射(XRD), 傅里叶红外吸收(FTIR)测试确定了产物的物相组成, 根据透射电镜(TEM)和选区电子衍射(SAED)的测试结果分析产物的形貌和表面特征, 高分辨电镜(HRTEM)和X射线能谱仪(XPS)测试结果证明了立方氮化硼的存在.     

利用水热合成方法制备正交氮化硼微晶

利用水热方法制备了正交氮化硼微晶, 于400 ℃时制备的氮化硼结晶质量较高, 主要物相为正交氮化硼(oBN). 在反应原料中加入水合肼和氯化铵都有利于样品结晶质量的改善和产率的提高. 在合成氮化硼反应过程中, 适当减慢反应体系的升温速率有利于提高oBN的结晶质量和产率, 但是当升温速率过慢时, oBN的稳定性有所降低, 立方氮化硼(cBN)的稳定性则在一定程度上得到提高. 此外, 反应过程中的原料配比对样品的物相及其结晶质量也有很大影响.     

杯（4）芳烃的红外光谱和拉曼光谱研究

本文研究了对－叔丁基杯（４）芳烃（ｐ－ｔｅｒｔ－ｂｕｔｙｌｃａｌｉｘ（４）ａｒｅｎｅ）的红外和拉曼光谱，杯（４）芳烃中分子内缔合氢键的性质在红外光谱中明显反映，而从拉曼谱图可以得出酚类寡聚物大环振动的分子信息。     

溪黄草及其不同提取物的红外光谱研究

采用一维红外光谱、二阶导数谱和二维相关红外光谱对溪黄草原药材及其不同溶剂提取物进行了红外光谱研究。结果表明:溪黄草原药材中含有酯类、芳香类和糖苷类等物质,溪黄草水提物中主要为糖类物质,乙醇提取物中主要为黄酮类物质,石油醚提取物中主要为酯类物质。红外光谱能够快速、简便地提供中药及其提取物中主要化学成分的宏观信息,从而为后续的化学成分分析和中药提取分离方法的改进和优化提供有效参考。     

不同产地黄芪的红外光谱鉴别研究

采用红外光谱、二阶导数红外光谱和二维相关红外光谱,对四种不同产地的黄芪原药材进行了鉴别研究。结果表明:不同产地黄芪的红外光谱和二阶导数红外谱具有一定的相似度,与淀粉的红外谱图比对,4个不同产地的黄芪均含有淀粉,其中陕西绥德产黄芪的淀粉含量比其它3个产地黄芪的都要高。山西浑源和山西天镇产黄芪谱图的1 510、1 425cm-1木质素特征峰比内蒙古固阳和陕西绥德产黄芪的更为明显,说明前二者产黄芪中木质素含量高于后二者产黄芪。在二维相关红外谱图上,根据4个产地黄芪的相对峰强度的差异,可进行产地的鉴别。研究结果表明对于不同产地黄芪的鉴别,红外三级鉴定法是一种快速有效的新方法。     

松杉灵芝不同部位的红外光谱分析研究

采用红外光谱三级鉴定法对松杉灵芝菌盖、表皮、菌柄、子实体不同部位的红外光谱图进行了整体分析。结果表明:松杉灵芝的各部位均含萜类、甾醇类、氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质和糖苷类等物质。在松杉灵芝的一维红外光谱中,菌盖的1 649cm-1峰的相对强度明显比表皮、菌柄和子实体强,说明菌盖中所含的氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质物质的量比其它部位高;在二阶导数谱中,四者在1 720~1 600cm-1范围内峰形差别较大,进一步说明松杉灵芝不同部位所含氨基酸、多肽、蛋白质物质不一致;而二维相关红外光谱中,各部位自动峰的数目、峰位置和峰相对强度都有所不同,可推断松杉灵芝各部位本身所含的糖苷类物质是不一致的。     

选相原位法合成立方氮化硼的关键影响因素

利用选相原位法在水溶液中成功制备出了立方氮化硼晶体，对反应条件进行了优化。结果表明，利用选相原位法合成立方氮化硼的最佳实验条件是：反应压力为10.0 MPa，在氯离子加入下利用混合氮源进行反应。在该条件下得到了纯相的立方氮化硼晶体。     

四磷酸镧系希土钾盐的红外光谱和拉曼光谱

观测了十三个四磷酸镧系希土钾盐(KPm(PO_3)_4 和kLu(PO)_3)_4除外)和四磷酸钇钾的红外和拉曼光谱.利用基团频率对振动谱带进行了归属.发现了α结构与β结构间的光谱差异,与X射线衍射的结果一致.可用于区分两种晶型.观察到了磷酸根伸缩振动、变角振动和Ln-O伸缩振动频率随希土离子原子序数的增加而增加,及Ln-O伸缩频率随希土离子总角动(?)变化呈类似“斜W”效应的规率.     

红外光谱的分形特征

红外光谱可作为一种信号的功率谱,用富里叶分析来研究。同时,红外光谱的吸收峰并不是随频率呈周期性变化的,而是表现出一些混沌特征,因此其分子的振动随时间的变化,可看成一种混沌运动,其运动轨迹可能具有某种分形结构。因此,可用分形理论来研究分子的振动。本文把富里叶分析与分形理论结合起来,从整体的角度对红外光谱的分形特征作一些尝试性的探讨。     

尼龙1216晶型转变的红外光谱研究

采用变温红外光谱研究了尼龙1216的Brill转变并测得Brill温度约为150℃。一些α谱带在转变过程中消失，氢键强度也急剧减弱。这些现象证明了Brill转变的“局部熔融”机理。     

Prepared Low Stress Cubic Boron Nitride Film by Physical Vapor Deposition

We present low stress cubic boron nitride (cBN) films with a transition layer deposited on the metal alloy substrates by tuned substrate radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The IR peak position of cubic boron nitride at 1006.3 cm⁻¹, which is close to the stressless state, indicates that the film has very low internal stress. The TEM image shows that pure CBN phase exists on the surface of the film. Several phases of boron nitride were found at the medium implantation dose. It is believed that the transition from the low ordered phases to cBN phase occurred during implantation.     

Photochemical Synthesis of Ultrafine Cubic Boron Nitride Nanoparticles under Ambient Conditions

Cubic boron nitride (c‐BN) is a super‐hard material whose hardness increases dramatically with decreasing size. However, c‐BN nanoparticles (NPs) with sizes less than 10 nm have never been obtained. Herein we report a simple strategy towards the synthesis of ultrafine c‐BN NPs with an average size of 3.5 nm. The method, under ambient conditions, exploits a laser‐induced photochemical effect and employs dioxane solution of ammonia borane (AB) as a liquid target. Meanwhile, total dehydrogenation of AB is realized by laser irradiation. Therefore, this approach shows great potential for the preparation of super‐hard NPs as well as controllable dehydrogenation.     

Boron Nitride Nanosheets Improve Sensitivity and Reusability of Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a useful multidisciplinary analytic technique. However, it is still a challenge to produce SERS substrates that are highly sensitive, reproducible, stable, reusable, and scalable. Herein, we demonstrate that atomically thin boron nitride (BN) nanosheets have many unique and desirable properties to help solve this challenge. The synergic effect of the atomic thickness, high flexibility, stronger surface adsorption capability, electrical insulation, impermeability, high thermal and chemical stability of BN nanosheets can increase the Raman sensitivity by up to two orders, and in the meantime attain long‐term stability and extraordinary reusability not achievable by other materials. These advances will greatly facilitate the wider use of SERS in many fields.     

炸药爆轰合成纳米石墨的红外光谱研究

石墨是碳材料中最常见的结晶状态,它具有耐高温、抗腐蚀、自润滑、无毒及价格低廉等特点,广泛应用于润滑剂和添加剂等方面^[1].由于高纯纳米石墨粉在某些高新技术领域中有较好的应用前景,近些年来得到开发和应用,如制成复合导电材料、吸波材料及储氢材料等^[2].以前有学者用纳米金刚石粉加热相转变^[3]和高能球磨^[4,5]的方法制备了纳米石墨,在制备碳纳米管时也有石墨的纳米粒子生成^[6].但用这几种方法制备纳米石墨,既费时又消耗较大能量,成本非常高.     

Oxygen Functionalization of Hexagonal Boron Nitride on Ni(111)

The interaction of single-layer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) on Ni(111) with molecular oxygen from a supersonic molecular beam led to a covalently bonded molecular oxygen species, which was identified as being between a superoxide and a peroxide. This is a rare example of an activated adsorption process leading to a molecular adsorbate. The amount of oxygen functionalization depended on the kinetic energy of the molecular beam. For a kinetic energy of 0.7 eV, an oxygen coverage of 0.4 ML was found. Near-edge X-ray adsorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy revealed a stronger bond of h-BN to the Ni(111) substrate in the presence of the covalently bound oxygen species. Oxygen adsorption also led to a shift of the valence bands to lower binding energies. Subsequent temperature-programmed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the oxygen boron bonds are stable up to approximately 580 K, when desorption, and simultaneously, etching of h-BN set in. The experimental results were substantiated by density functional theory calculations, which provided insight to the adsorption geometry, the adsorption energy and the reaction pathway.     

Infrared Photodisssociation Spectroscopy of Boron Carbonyl Cation Complexes

The boron carbonyl cation complexes B(CO)₃⁺, B(CO)₄⁺ and B₂(CO)₄⁺ are studied by infrared photodissociation spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The B(CO)₄⁺ ions are characterized to be very weakly bound complexes involving a B(CO)₃⁺ core ion, which is predicted to have a planar DD_3h structure with the central boron retaining the most favorable 8-electron configuration. The B₂(CO)₄⁺ cation is determined to have a planar D_2h structure involving a B-B one and half bond. The analysis of the B-CO interactions with the EDA-NOCV method indicates that the OC→B σ donation is stronger than the B→CO π back donation in both ions.     

Nanocrystalline‐Graphene‐Tailored Hexagonal Boron Nitride Thin Films

Unintentionally formed nanocrystalline graphene (nc‐G) can act as a useful seed for the large‐area synthesis of a hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) thin film with an atomically flat surface that is comparable to that of exfoliated single‐crystal h‐BN. A wafer‐scale dielectric h‐BN thin film was successfully synthesized on a bare sapphire substrate by assistance of nc‐G, which prevented structural deformations in a chemical vapor deposition process. The growth mechanism of this nc‐G‐tailored h‐BN thin film was systematically analyzed. This approach provides a novel method for preparing high‐quality two‐dimensional materials on a large surface.