Legendre polynomials and Ramanujan-type series for 1/π

We resolve a family of recently observed identities involving 1/π using the theory of modular forms and hypergeometric series. In particular, we resort to a formula of Brafman which relates a generating function of the Legendre polynomials to a product of two Gaussian hypergeometric functions. Using our methods, we also derive some new Ramanujan-type series.     

Generalized hypergeometric functions: product identities and weighted norm inequalities

We describe a method of obtaining weighted norm inequalities for generalized hypergeometric functions. This method is based upon our recent convolution theorem and some classical hypergeometric identities. In particular, it is shown that some product identities involving the divergent hypergeometric series lead to the convergent hypergeometric inequalities. A number of the new weighted norm inequalities for the Gaussian hypergeometric function, confluent hypergeometric function, and other generalized hypergeometric functions are presented.     

New class of generating functions associated with generalized hypergeometric polynomials

In this paper authors prove a general theorem on generating relations for a certain sequence of functions. Many formulas involving the families of generating functions for generalized hypergeometric polynomials are shown here to be special cases of a general class of generating functions involving generalized hypergeometric polynomials and multiple hypergeometric series of several variables. It is then shown how the main result can be applied to derive a large number of generating functions involving hypergeometric functions of Kampé de Fériet, Srivastava, Srivastava-Daoust, Chaundy, Fasenmyer, Cohen, Pasternack, Khandekar, Rainville and other multiple Gaussian hypergeometric polynomials scattered in the literature of special functions.     

A supercongruence motivated by the Legendre family of elliptic curves

A new supercongruence associated with a Gaussian hypergeometric series, as well as one of Mortenson’s supercongruences, are established with new congruence relations and the Legendre transforms of certain sequences.     

Indefinite integrals of products of special functions

A method is given for deriving indefinite integrals involving squares and other products of functions which are solutions of second-order linear differential equations. Several variations of the method are presented, which applies directly to functions which obey homogeneous differential equations. However, functions which obey inhomogeneous equations can be incorporated into the products and examples are given of integrals involving products of Bessel functions combined with Lommel, Anger and Weber functions. Many new integrals are derived for a selection of special functions, including Bessel functions, associated Legendre functions, and elliptic integrals. A number of integrals of products of Gauss hypergeometric functions are also presented, which seem to be the first integrals of this type. All results presented have been numerically checked with Mathematica.     

Some inverse Laplace transforms that contain the Marcum Q function and an expanded property of the Marcum Q function

ABSTRACT

The Laplace transforms of the transition probability density and distribution functions of the Feller process contain products of a Kummer and a Tricomi confluent hypergeometric function. The intricacies caused by the singularity at 0 of the Feller process imply that ultimately seven new inverse Laplace transforms can be derived of which four contain the Marcum Q function. The results of this paper together with a scarcely used link between the Marcum and Nuttall Q functions also provide two alternative proofs for an existing identity involving two Marcum Q functions with reversed arguments. The paper also expands the existing expression for the Marcum Q function with identical arguments and order 1. In particular, the new formula applies to all integer and fractional values of the order and is expressed in terms of the generalized hypergeometric function.     

The expansion of the potential of a homogeneous ellipsoid in a series of tesseral harmonics

The Newtonian potential of a homogeneous triaxial ellipsoid is expanded in a series of tesseral harmonics (cf. Equation (1)) and the coefficients (cf. Equation (2)) are calculated (cf. Equation (25)). An integral formula of Legendre involving Legendre polynomials is generalized to associated Legendre functions (cf. Equation (16), (16^*)).     

Reduction Formulas for Karlsson–Minton-Type Hypergeometric Functions

We prove a master theorem for hypergeometric functions of Karlsson–Minton type, stating that a very general multilateral U(n) Karlsson–Minton-type hypergeometric series may be reduced to a finite sum. This identity contains the Karlsson–Minton summation formula and many of its known generalizations as special cases, and it also implies several Bailey-type identities for U(n) hypergeometric series, including multivariable ₁₀W₉ transformations of Denis and Gustafson and of Kajihara. Even in the one-variable case our identity is new, and even in this case its proof depends on the theory of multivariable hypergeometric series.     

Differentiation identities for hypergeometric functions

It is well-known that differentiation of hypergeometric function multiplied by a certain power function yields another hypergeometric function with a different set of parameters. Such differentiation identities for hypergeometric functions have been used widely in various fields of applied mathematics and natural sciences. In this expository note, we provide a simple proof of the differentiation identities, which is based only on the definition of the coefficients for the power series expansion of the hypergeometric functions.     

Exact Fourier expansion in cylindrical coordinates for the three-dimensional Helmholtz Green function

A new method is presented for Fourier decomposition of the Helmholtz Green function in cylindrical coordinates, which is equivalent to obtaining the solution of the Helmholtz equation for a general ring source. The Fourier coefficients of the Green function are split into their half advanced + half retarded and half advanced–half retarded components, and closed form solutions for these components are then obtained in terms of a Horn function and a Kampé de Fériet function respectively. Series solutions for the Fourier coefficients are given in terms of associated Legendre functions, Bessel and Hankel functions and a hypergeometric function. These series are derived either from the closed form 2-dimensional hypergeometric solutions or from an integral representation, or from both. A simple closed form far-field solution for the general Fourier coefficient is derived from the Hankel series. Numerical calculations comparing different methods of calculating the Fourier coefficients are presented. Fourth order ordinary differential equations for the Fourier coefficients are also given and discussed briefly.     

Eisenstein series associated with Γ<Subscript>0</Subscript>(2)

In this paper, we define the normalized Eisenstein series ℘, e, and associated with Γ₀(2), and derive three differential equations satisfied by them from some trigonometric identities. By using these three formulas, we define a differential equation depending on the weights of modular forms on Γ₀(2) and then construct its modular solutions by using orthogonal polynomials and Gaussian hypergeometric series. We also construct a certain class of infinite series connected with the triangular numbers. Finally, we derive a combinatorial identity from a formula involving the triangular numbers.      

Hypergeometric functions and elliptic curves

We provide uniform formulas for the real period and the trace of Frobenius associated to an elliptic curve in Legendre normal form. These are expressed in terms of classical and Gaussian hypergeometric functions, respectively. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification Primary—11G05, 33C05 This research was supported by K. Ono’s NSF grant     

On Hypergeometric Functions and Generalizations of Legendre's Relation

We prove some convexity properties for a sum of hypergeometric functions and obtain a generalization of Legendre's relation for complete elliptic integrals. We apply these results to prove some inequalities for hypergeometric functions, incomplete beta-functions, and Legendre functions.     

A symmetric formula for hypergeometric series

The Ramanujan Journal - In terms of Dougall’s $$_2H_2$$ series identity and the series rearrangement method, we establish a symmetric formula for hypergeometric series. Then it is utilized to...     

Exact Fourier expansion in cylindrical coordinates for the three-dimensional Helmholtz Green function

A new method is presented for Fourier decomposition of the Helmholtz Green function in cylindrical coordinates, which is equivalent to obtaining the solution of the Helmholtz equation for a general ring source. The Fourier coefficients of the Green function are split into their half advanced + half retarded and half advanced–half retarded components, and closed form solutions for these components are then obtained in terms of a Horn function and a Kampé de Fériet function respectively. Series solutions for the Fourier coefficients are given in terms of associated Legendre functions, Bessel and Hankel functions and a hypergeometric function. These series are derived either from the closed form 2-dimensional hypergeometric solutions or from an integral representation, or from both. A simple closed form far-field solution for the general Fourier coefficient is derived from the Hankel series. Numerical calculations comparing different methods of calculating the Fourier coefficients are presented. Fourth order ordinary differential equations for the Fourier coefficients are also given and discussed briefly.     

p-adic超几何函数与Dwork超曲面上的有理点

p-adic超几何函数是经典的Gauss超几何函数在有限域上的模拟,与许多数论问题都有联系.设Fq是q元有限域,λ∈Fq,n为正整数.本文研究了Dwork超曲面Dλ^n:x1^n+x2^n+…+xn^n=nλx1x2…xn及其推广形式上的Fq-有理点,并在n与q(q-1)互素时给出了由p-adic超几何函数表示的各种Fq-有理点个数的公式,从而修正和改进了Barman与Goodson等人的结论.     

Some identities on Catalan numbers and hypergeometric functions via Catalan matrix power

In this paper we use the Catalan matrix power as a tool for deriving identities involving Catalan numbers and hypergeometric functions. For that purpose, we extend earlier investigated relations between the Catalan matrix and the Pascal matrix by inserting the Catalan matrix power and particulary the squared Catalan matrix in those relations. We also pay attention to some relations between Catalan matrix powers of different degrees, which allows us to derive the simplification formula for hypergeometric function ₃F₂, as well as the simplification formula for the product of the Catalan number and the hypergeometric function ₃F₂. Some identities involving Catalan numbers, proved by the non-matrix approach, are also given.     

Weighted norm inequalities for analytic functions

We present a weighted norm inequality involving convolutions of arbitrary analytic functions and certain confluent hypergeometric functions. This result implies a family of weighted norm inequalities both for entire functions of exponential type and for (generalized) hypergeometric series. The approach is based on author's general inequality for continuous functions and some hypergeometric transformations.     

p-adic 超几何函数与 Dwork超曲面上的有理点

p-adic超几何函数是经典的Gauss超几何函数在有限域上的模拟，与许多数论问题都有联系.设F_q是q元有限域，λ∈F_q，n为正整数.本文研究了Dwork超曲面D_λⁿ：x₁ⁿ+x₂ⁿ+…+x_nⁿ=nλx₁x₂…x_n及其推广形式上的F_q-有理点，并在n与q（q-1）互素时给出了由p-adic超几何函数表示的各种F_q-有理点个数的公式，从而修正和改进了Barman与Goodson等人的结论.     

New inequalities from classical Sturm theorems

Inequalities satisfied by the zeros of the solutions of second-order hypergeometric equations are derived through a systematic use of Liouville transformations together with the application of classical Sturm theorems. This systematic study allows us to improve previously known inequalities and to extend their range of validity as well as to discover inequalities which appear to be new. Among other properties obtained, Szegő's bounds on the zeros of Jacobi polynomials for , are completed with results for the rest of parameter values, Grosjean's inequality (J. Approx. Theory 50 (1987) 84) on the zeros of Legendre polynomials is shown to be valid for Jacobi polynomials with |β|1, bounds on ratios of consecutive zeros of Gauss and confluent hypergeometric functions are derived as well as an inequality involving the geometric mean of zeros of Bessel functions.