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1.
The electrolyses of solutions of bismuth oxide and tellurium oxide in nitric acid with molar ratios of Bi:Te=3:3–4:3 lead
to cathodic deposits of films of bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3), an n-type semiconductor. Current densities of 2–5 mA/cm2 were applied. Voltammetric investigations showed that Bi2Te3 deposition occurred at potentials more negative than −0.125 V (Ag/AgCl, 3 M KCl). The deposit was identified as bismuth telluride
(γ-phase) by X-ray analysis. Hall-effect measurements verified the n-type semiconducting behaviour. The films can be deposited
in microstructures for thermoelectric microdevices like thermoelectric batteries or thermoelectric sensors. 相似文献
2.
Recent progress on the bismuth molybdate catalysts for oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene to 1,3-butadiene was reported in this review. A number of bismuth molybdate catalysts, including pure bismuth molybdates
(α-Bi2Mo3O12, β-Bi2Mo2O9, and γ-Bi2MoO6) and multicomponent bismuth molybdates, were prepared by a co-precipitation method for use in the production of 1,3-butadiene
from C4 raffinate-3 through oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene. It was observed that multicomponent bismuth molybdate catalyst was more efficient than pure bismuth molybdate catalyst
in the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene. Various experimental measurements such as temperature-programmed reoxidation, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and
O2-temperature-programmed desorption analyses were carried out to elucidate the different catalytic activity of bismuth molybdate
catalysts. It was revealed that a bismuth molybdate catalyst with a higher oxygen mobility showed a better catalytic performance
in terms of conversion of n-butene and yield for 1,3-butadiene. We have successfully demonstrated from experimental findings that oxygen mobility of
bismuth molybdate catalyst played a key role in determining the catalytic performance in the oxidative dehydrogenation of
n-butene to 1,3-butadiene. 相似文献
3.
Seto Y. Umemoto K. Arii T. Masuda Y. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2004,76(1):165-177
New solid complex of nitrilotriacetic acid and bismuth trichloride was synthesized by a solid phase reaction of nitrilotriacetic
acid and bismuth trichloride at room temperature. The composition of the sample is BiCl3[N(CH2COOH)3]2.5. The crystal structure of the complex belongs to triclinic system with the lattice parameters: α=0.7849 nm, β=0.9821 nm,
χ=2.0021 nm, α=96.50°, β=98.76° and γ=90.49°. The far-infrared spectra show the bonding between the Bi ion and N atom of nitrilotriacetic
acid. The thermal analysis also demonstrates the complex formation between the bismuth ion and nitrilotriacetic acid. The
gaseous pyrolysis product and the final residue in the thermal decomposition process are determined to check the thermal decomposition
reaction.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
Genovaitė Valiulienė Albina Žielienė Birutė Šimkūnaitė Leonas Naruškevičius Loreta Tamašauskaitė Tamašiūnaitė Vidas Pakštas Algis Selskis 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2010,14(2):203-212
The electrochemical behavior of Bi2S3 coatings in Watts nickel plating electrolyte was investigated using the cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical quartz crystal
microbalance, X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis methods. During the bismuth sulfide coating reduction
in Watts background electrolyte in the potential region from −0.4 to −0.6 V, the Bi2S3 and Bi(III) oxygen compounds are reduced to metallic Bi, and the decrease in coating mass is related to the transfer of S2− ions from the electrode surface. When the bismuth sulfide coating is reduced in Watts nickel plating electrolyte, the observed
increase in coating mass in the potential region −0.1 to −0.4 V is conditioned by Ni2+ ions reduction before the bulk deposition of Ni, initiated by Bi2S3. In this potential region, the reduction of Bi(III) oxygen compounds can occur. After the treatment of as-deposited bismuth
sulfide coating in nickel plating electrolyte at E = −0.3 V, the sheet resistance of the layer decreases from 1013 to 500–700 Ω cm. A metal-rich mixed sulfide Ni3Bi2S2–parkerite is obtained when as-deposited bismuth sulfide coating is treated in Watts nickel plating electrolyte at a potential
close to the equilibrium potential of the Ni/Ni2+ system and then annealed at temperatures higher than 120 °C. 相似文献
5.
G. Ya. Popova Ya. A. Chesalov T. V. Andrushkevich E. S. Stoyanov 《Kinetics and Catalysis》2000,41(4):546-552
The interaction of formaldehyde with a highly selective V-Ti-O catalyst for the oxidation of formaldehyde to formic acid is
studied by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy at 70–200‡C. In a flow of formaldehyde/oxygen mixture and in a mixture
without oxygen at optimal temperatures for formic acid formation (100–140‡C), methoxy groups and other oxygenates are formed
in small amounts. These are two bidentate formates and covalently bound monodentate formate. The fact that similar oxygenates
are observed independently of the presence of oxygen in the reaction mixture suggests the participation of the catalyst oxygen
in their formation. Oxygen accelerates the desorption of bidentate formates. Bidentate formates of one type decompose in a
flow of air at 100–150‡C, and bidentate formates of the other type decompose at 170–200‡C. 相似文献
6.
E. Siliņa J. Ashaks S. Belyakov A. Tokmakov L. Pech D. Zaruma 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》2007,43(12):1582-1588
Bismuth 8-quinolineselenolate Bi(C9H6NSe)3 was synthesized. The molecular and crystal structure of this compound was determined by X-ray diffraction structural analysis.
The effect of replacing the ligand atoms Se→S and the role of the unshared electron pair on the formation of the coordination
polyhedron of the central bismuth atom in bismuth(III) 8-quinolineselenolate and bismuth(III) 8-quinolinethiolate, which are
complexes of a Group V p-element in an incomplete valence state was discussed.
Dedicated to the memory of Academician Yurii Bankovsky, the founder of the chemistry of 8-mercaptoquinoline (December 22,
1927–January 28, 2003) on the occasion of the eightieth anniversary of his birth.
__________
Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 12, pp. 1866–1874, December, 2007. 相似文献
7.
E. P. Surovoi L. N. Bugerko V. E. Surovaya S. V. Bin 《Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry》2012,86(4):621-627
Transformations in a nanosized bismuth layer are studied by means of optical spectroscopy, microscopy, and gravimetry, depending
on the thickness (d = 3–120 nm), thermal treatment temperature (T = 373–673 K) and time (τ] = 0.05–2500 min). It is established that, depending on the initial thickness of the bismuth films
and the thermal treatment temperature, the kinetic curves of the degree of transformation are satisfactorily described within
linear, inverse logarithmic, cubic, and logarithmic laws. The contact potential difference for the Bi, Bi2O3 films and the photo-electromotive force for the Bi-Bi2O3 systems is measured. An energy-band diagram for the Bi-Bi2O3 systems is constructed. A model for the thermal transformation of Bi films that includes the stage of oxygen adsorption,
the redistribution of charge carriers in the Bi-Bi2O3 contact field, and the formation of bismuth(III) oxide is proposed. 相似文献
8.
Herein, we report a novel amino acid based reaction system for CO2 capture and utilization (CCU) to produce formates in the presence of the naturally occurring amino acid l-lysine. Utilizing a specific ruthenium-based catalyst system, hydrogenation of absorbed carbon dioxide occurs with high activity and excellent productivity. Noteworthy, following the CCU concept, CO2 can be captured from ambient air in the form of carbamates and converted directly to formates in one-pot (TON > 50 000). This protocol opens new potential for transforming captured CO2 from ambient air to C1-related products.A novel amino acid based reaction system for CO2 capture and utilization (CCU) to produce formates is presented applying a ruthenium-based catalyst. Noteworthy, CO2 can be captured from ambient air and converted to formates in one-pot (TON > 50 000). 相似文献
9.
M. Yu. Pyatnitskii I. F. Koval’ P. V. Mel’nik N. G. Nakhodkin T. V. Afanas’eva 《Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry》1997,33(2):106-108
Ionization and Auger spectroscopy show that a submonolayer coating of bismuth on Si(001) reduces the initial attachment coefficient
for molecular oxygen by comparison with a clean Si(001) surface by two orders of magnitude, while exposure to >105 Langmuir of O2 causes bismuth to stimulate the formation of surface silicon oxide having stoichiometry close to SiO2.
Taras Shevchenko Kiev University, 64 ul. Vladimirskaya, Kiev 17, Ukraine 252601. Translated from Teoreticheskaya i éksperimental’naya
Khimiya, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 124–127, March–April, 1997. 相似文献
10.
A. V. Zagnit’ko V. V. Ignat’ev 《Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry》2012,86(4):533-538
The extraction of lanthanum, neodymium, and thorium from 73LiF-27BeF2, 78LiF-22ThF4, 75LiF-5BeF2-20ThF4, 15LiF-58NaF-27BeF2, and 60LiF-40NaF (mol %) fluoride salt melts into liquid bismuth with admixtures of lithium as a reducing agent was studied
at 580–750°C. Equilibrium values of their distribution coefficients were measured. Beryllium as distinct from neodymium and
lanthanum almost was not extracted into bismuth from salt beryllium-containing compositions. A decrease in the mole fraction
of LiF in LiF-BeF2 melts substantially increased the effectiveness of its purification from lanthanides. The LiF-ThF4 and LiF-BeF2-ThF4 salt mixtures with comparatively high thorium concentrations (≥20–22 mol %) could not be used for effective separation of
lanthanides and thorium in a system for extraction processing of fuel salts. 相似文献
11.
Synthesis and characterization of antimony trichloride and bismuth trichloride complexes with valine
J. G. Shao Y. X. Yang B. W. Li L. P. Zhang Y. R. Chen X. L. Liu 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2009,96(1):277-285
Two compounds of antimony trichloride and bismuth trichloride with valine are synthesized by solid phase synthesis at room
temperature. Their compositions, determined by element analysis, are Sb(C5H10O2N)3·2H2O and Bi(C5H10O2N)2Cl·0.5H2O. The crystal structure of antimony complex with valine belongs to triclinic system and its lattice parameters are: a=0.9599 nm, b=1.5068 nm, c=1.9851 nm, α=92.270, β=95.050, γ=104.270. The crystal structure of bismuth complex with valine belongs to monoclinic system
and its lattice parameters are: a=1.6012 nm, b=1.8941 nm, c=1.839 nm, β=99.73°. The far-infrared spectra and infrared spectra show that the amino group and carboxyl of valine may be
coordinated to antimony and bismuth, respectively, in two compounds. The TG-DSC results also reveal that the complexes were
formed. 相似文献
12.
The structure and thermal transformation of bismuth(III) oxohydroxocarboxylates Bi6O4(OH)4(C
n
H2n − 1O2)6, where (C
n
H2n − 1O2) is a carboxylate ion and n = 2 (2–9, 11), were studied by X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetry, IR spectroscopy, and chemical analysis. The conditions
of precipitation of bismuth carboxylates from perchlorate solutions were determined. The compounds have a layered structure
and undergo the same phase transformations on heating. 相似文献
13.
Boris N. Afanasyev Yulia P. Akulova Maria M. Kotlyar 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》1997,1(1):68-76
The function Δ(ΔG
A
0), which is the difference of Gibbs energies characterizing surface-active substance (surfactant, SAS) adsorption at metal/solution
and air/solution surfaces, has been introduced. The equation connecting the function Δ(ΔG
A
0) with SAS ionization potential has been obtained using the elementary theory of donor-acceptor interactions. Published experimental
data on SAS adsorption at mercury, bismuth and gold have been used for Δ(ΔG
A
0) calculation. The dependence of Δ(ΔG
A
0) on ionization potentials can be described by an equation derived in this work. It has been demonstrated that the value of
the hydrophilicity of gold is much higher than the values for mercury and bismuth. The lifetime of SAS molecules at a metal
surface has been estimated. The question of the possibility of theoretica
l estimation of standard energies ΔG
A
0 characterizing SAS adsorption at a metal/solution surface has been discussed.
Received: 9 December 1996 / Accepted: 13 January 1997 相似文献
14.
Y. C. Guo S. R. Luan Y. R. Chen X. S. Zang Y. Q. Jia G. Q. Zhong S. K. Ruan 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2002,68(3):1025-1033
New hexamethylenetetramine complexes of antimony and bismuth trichloride were synthesized through a solid phase reaction of
hexamethylenetetramine and antimony or bismuth trichloride. The formula of the complex is MCl3(C6H12N4)2⋅H2O (M=Sb, Bi).The crystal structure of the complexes belongs to monoclinic system and the lattice parameters: a=1.249 nm, b=1.4583 nm, c=1.6780 nm andβ=91.78° for SbCl3(C6H12N4)2⋅H2O and a=1.3250 nm, b=1.3889 nm, c=1.7449 nm and β=98.94° for BiCl3(C6H12N4)2⋅H2O. Far-infrared spectra reveal that the antimony or bismuth ion is coordinated by the nitrogen atom of the hexamethylenetetramine.
The thermal analysis also demonstrates the complex formation between the antimony or bismuth ion and hexamethylenetetramine.
The intermediate and final residues in the thermal decomposition process have been analyzed to check the pyrolysis reaction.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
S. V. Kolotilov K. S. Gavrilenko M. R. Kantserova A. V. Yakovenko N. N. Stepanenko N. V. Kas’yan A. V. Shvets 《Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry》2005,41(6):347-351
The effect of the composition of nanosized catalysts, produced by thermal decomposition of Co(II) and Cu(II) formates deposited
on ZrO2, SBA-15, and MCM-41, on their activity in the deep oxidation of methane was investigated. It was shown that the activity
of the catalyst depends on the nature of the support and on the Co/Cu ratio.
__________
Translated from Teoreticheskaya i éksperimental’naya Khimiya, Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 331–335, November–December, 2005. 相似文献
16.
Investigation of synthesis and microstructure of bismuth titanates with TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> rich compositions 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Teresa Zaremba 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2008,93(3):829-832
Preliminary examinations regarding formation of bismuth titanates in a part of Bi2O3—TiO2 system rich with TiO2 have been carried out. Bismuth titanates have been synthesized from mixtures of Bi2O3 and TiO2 (anatase) by the conventional solid-state method at the temperatures ranged from 1273 to 1473 K. Differential thermal analysis
(DTA), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been used to study the formation of bismuth
titanates. The following compounds have been achieved: Bi4Ti3O12, Bi2Ti2O7 and Bi2Ti4O11. Existence of controversial bismuth titanate of formula Bi2Ti3O9 in the Bi2O3—TiO2 system has not been confirmed. 相似文献
17.
N. N. Golovnev A. I. Petrov A. O. Lykhin A. A. Leshok 《Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry》2012,57(4):596-600
The formation constants of bismuth(III) methylthiourea complexes in aqueous solution were determined at 298 K and an acidity
of 2 M HClO4 using the “ligand-oxidized ligand species” potentiometric method and the methylthiourea (mtu)-symmetric dimethylformamidine
disulfide (mFDS) redox pair. The formation function was obtained, and the conditional (β
n
*) and true (β
n
) formation constants of Bi(mtu)
n
3+ (1 ≤ n ≤ 8) were calculated. The value of β1 and the formation of complexes with coordination numbers higher than six was confirmed by spectrophotometry. 相似文献
18.
Selective Metal‐Free Hydrosilylation of CO2 Catalyzed by Triphenylborane in Highly Polar,Aprotic Solvents
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Dr. Debabrata Mukherjee Daniel F. Sauer Dr. Alessandro Zanardi Prof. Dr. Jun Okuda 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(23):7730-7733
Triphenylborane (BPh3) in highly polar, aprotic solvents catalyzes hydrosilylation of CO2 effectively under mild conditions to provide silyl formates with high chemoselectivity (>95 %) and without over‐reduction. This system also promotes reductive hydrosilylation of tertiary amides as well as dehydrogenative coupling of silane with alcohols. 相似文献
19.
Ponta O. Mocuta H. Vasilescu M. Simon S. 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2011,58(2):530-534
Bismuth silicate xBi2O3·(1 − x)SiO2 xerogels, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5, doped with gadolinium have been synthesized by sol–gel method. The study aims to evidence by X-ray
diffraction (XRD), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) the structural changes in amorphous
Bi2O3–SiO2 xerogels, function of Bi2O3 content and heat treatment. As was proved by XRD, nanostructured samples were obtained after 30 min heat treatment at 400 °C
of the as-prepared samples with x > 0, in the mainly amorphous matrices nanocrystals of Bi5.6Si0.5O9.4 phase being developed. The dimension of the nanocrystallites are function of the bismuth content, and vary from few nanometers
to 25 nm for samples with x = 0.14 and x = 0.5 respectively. The local order around silicon, reflected by 29Si MAS NMR spectra,
is less dependent on both composition and thermal history of the samples, showing that an amorphous silicon rich phase is
present in all samples. The changes in the local order around Gd3+ ions, as reflected by the EPR spectra dependence on composition and especially on the heat treatment, support the assumption
that a part of these paramagnetic ions is incorporated in the bismuth rich phase. 相似文献
20.
Vladislav V. Kharton Evgeny N. Naumovich Aleksey A. Yaremchenko Fernando M.B. Marques 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2001,5(3):160-187
Following previous reviews of research results on oxygen ion-conducting materials obtained in the former USSR, this article
addresses the case of Bi2O3-based compositions. Phase formation in oxide systems with Bi2O3, thermal expansion, stability, bulk transport properties and oxygen exchange of bismuth oxide solid electrolytes are briefly
discussed. Primary attention is focused on oxides with high ionic and mixed conductivity, including stabilized fluorite-type
(δ) and sillenite (γ) phases of Bi2O3, γ-Bi4V2O11 and other compounds of the aurivillius series. Another major point being addressed is on the applicability of these materials
in high-temperature electrochemical cells, which is limited by numerous specific disadvantages of Bi2O3-based ceramics. The electrochemical properties of various electrode systems with bismuth oxide electrolytes are also briefly
analyzed.
Electronic Publication 相似文献