Fast conformal mapping of multiply connected regions

An iterative method is presented which constructs for an unbounded region G with m holes and sufficiently smooth boundary a circular region H and a conformal mapping Φ from H to G. With the usual normalization both H and Φ are uniquely determined by G. With a few modifications the method can also be applied to a bounded region G with m holes. The canonical region H is then the unit disc with m circular holes. The proposed method also determines the centers and radii of the boundary circles of H and requires, at each iterative step, the solution of a Riemann–Hilbert (RH) problem, which has a unique solution. Numerically, the RH problem can be treated efficiently by the method of successive conjugation using the fast Fourier transform (FFT). The iteration for the solution of the RH problem converges linearly. The conformal mapping method converges quadratically. The results of some test calculations exemplify the performance of the method.     

Numerical conformal mapping based on the generalised conjugation operator

An iterative procedure for numerical conformal mapping is presented which imposes no restriction on the boundary complexity. The formulation involves two analytically equivalent boundary integral equations established by applying the conjugation operator to the real and the imaginary parts of an analytical function. The conventional approach is to use only one and ignore the other equation. However, the discrete version of the operator using the boundary element method (BEM) leads to two non-equivalent sets of linear equations forming an over-determined system. The generalised conjugation operator is introduced so that both sets of equations can be utilised and their least-square solution determined without any additional computational cost, a strategy largely responsible for the stability and efficiency of the proposed method. Numerical tests on various samples including problems with cracked domains suggest global convergence, although this cannot be proved theoretically. The computational efficiency appears significantly higher than that reported earlier by other investigators.

     

Linear integral equations for conformal mapping of bounded multiply connected regions onto a disk with circular slits

In this paper we present a boundary integral equation method for the numerical conformal mapping of bounded multiply connected region Ω onto a disk with circular slits. The method is based on some uniquely solvable boundary integral equations with classical adjoint and generalized Neumann kernels. These boundary integral equations are constructed from a boundary relationship satisfied by a function analytic on a multiply connected region. Some numerical examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the presented method.     

Completing the conformal boundary of a simply connected Lorentz surface

This paper extends Kulkarni's conformal boundary for a simply connected Lorentz surface to a compact conformal boundary . The procedure used is analogous to Carathéodory's construction (in the definite metric setting) of prime ends from the accessible points of a bounded simply connected planar domain. The space of conformal boundary elements is homeomorphic to the circle, and contains Kulkarni's conformal boundary as a dense subspace.

     

The determination of the poles of the mapping function and their use in numerical conformal mapping

Let ? be the function which maps conformally a simply-connected domain Ω onto the unit disc. This paper is concerned with the problem of determining the dominant poles of ? in compl(Ω ∪ ? Ω), and of using this information in order to obtain accurate numerical approximations to ? by means of the Bergman kernel method.     

Pole-type singularities and the numerical conformal mapping of doubly-connected domains

Let f be the function which maps conformally a given doubly-connected domain Ω onto a circular annulus, and let $\text{H(z)=}\text{f′(z)}\text{f(z)}\text{?}\text{1}\text{z}$. In this paper we consider the problem of determining the main singularities of the function H in compl($\text{Ω∪?Ω}$). Our purpose is to provide information regarding the location and nature of such singularities, and to explain how this information can be used to improve the efficiency of certain expansion methods for numerical conformal mapping.     

On the approximate conformal mapping of the unit disk on a simply connected domain

We present a method of constructing the analytic function realizing an approximate conformal mapping of the unit disk on an arbitrary simply connected domain with the given smooth parametrically defined boundary. The method is based on a new boundary parameterization. Solution of the problem is reduced to the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. We present the examples of three ways to solve the integral equation.     

Mappings connected with the gradient of conformal radius

In this paper we prove the following conformity criterion for the gradient of conformal radius ?R(D, z) of a convex domain D: the boundary ?D has to be a circumference. We calculate coefficients K(r) for K(r)-quasiconformal mappings ?R(D(r), z), D(r) ? D, 0 < r < 1, and complete the results obtained by F. G. Avkhadiev and K.-J. Wirths for the structure of boundary elements of quasiconformal mappings of the domain D.     

A conformal mapping algorithm for the Bernoulli free boundary value problem

We propose a new numerical method for the solution of the Bernoulli free boundary value problem for harmonic functions in a doubly connected domain D in where an unknown free boundary Γ₀ is determined by prescribed Cauchy data on Γ₀ in addition to a Dirichlet condition on the known boundary Γ₁. Our main idea is to involve the conformal mapping method as proposed and analyzed by Akduman, Haddar, and Kress for the solution of a related inverse boundary value problem. For this, we interpret the free boundary Γ₀ as the unknown boundary in the inverse problem to construct Γ₀ from the Dirichlet condition on Γ₀ and Cauchy data on the known boundary Γ₁. Our method for the Bernoulli problem iterates on the missing normal derivative on Γ₁ by alternating between the application of the conformal mapping method for the inverse problem and solving a mixed Dirichlet–Neumann boundary value problem in D. We present the mathematical foundations of our algorithm and prove a convergence result. Some numerical examples will serve as proof of concept of our approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the approximate conformal mapping of multiply connected domains

Summary A method is presented for constructing approximations to the standard mappings for multiply connected regions given by Nehari [5]. The case of mapping onto a slit annulus is considered in detail, and computational results are presented for several examples.     

Numerical conformal mapping of multiply connected domains to regions with circular boundaries

We propose a method to map a multiply connected bounded planar region conformally to a bounded region with circular boundaries. The norm of the derivative of such a conformal map satisfies the Laplace equation with a nonlinear Neumann type boundary condition. We analyze the singular behavior at corners of the boundary and separate the major singular part. The remaining smooth part solves a variational problem which is easy to discretize. We use a finite element method and a gradient descent method to find an approximate solution. The conformal map is then constructed from this norm function. We tested our algorithm on a polygonal region and a curvilinear smooth region.     

球面上具有相对仿射共形Gauss映照的超曲面

用Moebius不变量刻画了单位球面上的子流形的共形Gauss映照为相对仿射映照的充要条件,给出了单位球面上具有相对仿射共形 Gauss映照的所有超曲面的分类.     

The largest connected component in a random mapping

A random mapping (T; q) of a finite set V = {1, 2,…,n} into itself assigns independently to each i ? V its unique image j = TT(i)E V with probability q for i = j and with probability $ \frac{{1 - q}}{{n - 1}} $ for j ≠ i. The purpose of the article is to determine the asymptotic behaviour of the size of the largest connected component of the random digraph G_T(q) representing thes mapping as n–x, regarding all possible values of the parameter q = q(n). © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Numerical conformal mapping of multiply connected regions by Fornberg-like methods

Summary. We develop a new algorithm for computing conformal maps from regions exterior to non-overlapping disks to unbounded multiply connected regions exterior to non-overlapping, smoothly bounded Jordan regions. The method is an extension of Fornberg's original Newton-like method for mapping of the disk to simply connected regions. A Fortran program based on the algorithm has been developed and tested for the 2 and 3 disk case. Numerical examples are reported. Received March 12, 1998 / Revised version received December 16, 1998     

Mappings of the sphere to a simply connected space

Fix an m ∈ ℕ, m ≥ 2. Let Y be a simply connected pointed CW-complex, and let B be a finite set of continuous mappings a: S^m → Y respecting the distinguished points. Let Γ(a) ⊂ S^m × Y be the graph of a, and we denote by [a] ∈ π_m(Y) the homotopy class of a. Then for some r ∈ ℕ depending on m only, there exist a finite set E ⊂ S^m × Y and a mapping k: E(r) = {F ⊂ E: |F| ≤ r} → π_m(Y) such that for each a ∈ B we have

神经网络的函数逼近能力分析

本文综述了多层前传网络（ＭＬＰ）及径向基函数网络（ＲＢＦ）对函数任意精度逼近的能力，比较了两种网络的最佳逼近特性。对激活函数类的扩充作了介绍，并说明有限数值精度对函数逼近能力实现的影响。     

Dynamics of 2D fluid in bounded domain via conformal variables

In the present work, we compute numerical solutions of an integro-differential equation for traveling waves on the boundary of a 2D blob of an ideal fluid in the presence of surface tension. We find that solutions with multiple lobes tend to approach Crapper capillary waves in the limit of many lobes. Solutions with a few lobes become elongated as they become more nonlinear. It is unclear whether there is a limiting solution for small number of lobes, and what are its properties. Solutions are found from solving a nonlinear pseudodifferential equation by means of the Newton conjugate-residual method. We use Fourier basis to approximate the solution with the number of Fourier modes up to $$.     

Some remarks on the modulus of continuity of a conformal mapping of the disk onto a Jordan domain

Letd(;z, t) be the smallest diameter of the arcs of a Jordan curve with endsz andt. Consider the rapidity of decreasing ofd(;)=sup{d(;z, t):z, t , ¦z–t¦} (as 0,0) as a measure of nicety of . Letg(x) (x0) be a continuous and nondecreasing function such thatg(x)x,g(0)=0. Put¯g(x)=g(x)+x, h(x)=(¯g(x))². LetH(x) be an arbitrary primitive of 1/h ^–1(x). Note that the functionH ^–1 x is positive and increasing on (–, +),H ^–1 0 asx– andH ^–1+ asx +. The following statement is proved in the paper.Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 176–184, August, 1996.This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under grant No. 93-01-00236 and by the International Science Foundation under grant No. NCF000.