藤黄酸氰基衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性

以藤黄酸为原料,经过酯化反应或酰胺化反应,在C-30位的羧基上引入不同的烷氰基或芳香氰基,设计合成了7个藤黄酸氰基衍生物,其中6个为新化合物,其结构经MS和¹H NMR确证。 采用四氮唑蓝(MTT)法测试了合成化合物对肝癌细胞(HepG2)、结肠腺癌细胞(RKO)和卵巢腺癌细胞(OVCAR-3)的体外抗肿瘤活性,结果表明,所合成的化合物均具有一定的抗肿瘤活性,其中化合物4和6的抗肿瘤活性明显优于阳性对照物藤黄酸。     

新型芳基修饰的藤黄酸衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以取代酚或羟基吡啶为原料,在无水碳酸钾存在下,与溴代醇发生威廉姆森醚合反应制得中间体--芳（杂环）氧基醇(2a~2k); 2a~2k分别与藤黄酸通过光延反应合成了藤黄酸衍生物（3a~3k）。以DDC/HOSu为偶联剂,芳酸与3-氨基-1-丙醇经偶联反应制得中间体--芳酰氨基醇（5a~5h）; 5a~5h分别与藤黄酸通过光延反应合成了藤黄酸衍生物（6a~6h）。 2, 3, 5和6为新化合物,其结构经¹H NMR, ESI-MS和HR-MS表征。采用MTT法测定了3和6对肺腺癌细胞(A549)、肝癌细胞(HepG-2)和乳腺癌细胞(SK-BR-3)的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明：部分化合物对肿瘤细胞的抑制活性明显高于藤黄酸。     

新型5位与6位取代的吲唑类衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

为了寻找高效低毒的新型抗肿瘤药物,设计并合成了新型的5位与6位取代的吲唑类化合物.采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法对目标化合物在PC-3(人前列腺癌细胞)、MCF-7(人乳腺癌细胞)、Hep G-2(人肝癌细胞)和MGC-803(人胃癌细胞)四种人类癌细胞的抗增殖活性进行评价.结果显示大部分化合物对PC-3具有特异性的抗增殖活性.其中,N-(1-苄基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)甲基)-1-异丙基-1H-吲哚唑-5-羧酰胺(8a)和N-[(1-苄基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)甲基]-1-异丙基-1H-吲唑-6-甲酰胺(14a)对PC-3细胞的抗增殖活性较好, IC₅₀值分别为6.21和6.43μmol/L,为前列腺癌抗肿瘤药物的研究提供了思路.     

藤黄酸氧化类似物的合成及抗肿瘤活性的二维定量构效关系

报道了35,40-二羟基-6-甲氧基-藤黄酸甲酯(1)、9,10-二羟基-6-甲氧基-藤黄酸甲酯(2)和2-去异己烯-2-(2-甲酰基)乙基-6-甲氧基-藤黄酸甲酯(3)的化学合成和抗肿瘤活性. 采用二维定量构效关系方法经计算机模拟与统计分析, 获得定量构效关系方程. 结果显示, 藤黄酸氧化衍生物的极性体积比、零阶价分子连接性指数、总电荷绝对值和体积与抗肿瘤活性间表现出了良好的线性关系.     

N-(4-叔丁基-5-苄基噻唑-2-基)氨基乙酰胺的合成与抗肿瘤活性

采用衍生法,在N-[4-叔丁基-5-(4-氯苄基)噻唑-2-基]脂肪酰胺酰基的α-位,插入氨基,设计合成了N-(4-叔丁基-5-苄基噻唑-2-基)氨基乙酰胺衍生物.以4,4-二甲基-1-芳基-3-戊酮为原料,经4-叔丁基-5-苄基-2-氨基噻唑(3),再经氯乙酰化和取代反应得21个N-(4-叔丁基-5-苄基噻唑-2-基)氨基乙酰胺(1),其结构经~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和元素分析确证.噻唑蓝(MTT)法体外抗肿瘤活性测试表明,该类新化合物对肺癌细胞(A549)、宫颈癌细胞(Hela)和乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)具有抗肿瘤活性.其中N-[4-叔丁基-5-(胡椒基)噻唑-2-基]吗啉基乙酰胺(1t)对Hela细胞的抑制活性最好;对优选化合物1t进行了AO/EB双染和细胞周期实验,流式细胞仪分析表明,化合物1t可显著诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,阻滞Hela细胞有丝分裂在S期.     

1,3,4-噁二唑和1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物的设计、合成和生物活性研究

为了寻求新型抗肿瘤药物,设计并合成了一系列新型1,3,4-噁二唑和1,3,4-噻二唑衍生物,对这些化合物在人类四种癌细胞:B-16(皮肤黑色素瘤细胞)、PC-3(人前列腺癌细胞)、U87(人原发性胶质母细胞瘤细胞)和A549(人非小细胞肺癌细胞)进行抗肿瘤活性评价.结果显示部分化合物具有较好的抗肿瘤活性,尤其是5-{6-[4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪-1-基]-2-甲基嘧啶-4-基氨基}-[1,3,4-噻二唑-2-羧酸(2-甲氧基苯基)酰胺(8b)]和5-{6-[4-(2-羟基乙基)哌嗪-1-基]-2-甲基嘧啶-4-基氨基}-[1,3,4-噻二唑-2-羧酸(4-甲氧基苯基)酰胺(8c)],对四种癌细胞都显示出较高的抗肿瘤活性,其抑制活性均优于阳性对照达沙替尼,随后对这类化合物抑制肿瘤的可能靶点开展了进一步研究.     

N,N′-二-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-3,6-二甲基-1,4-二氢-1,2,4,5-四嗪-1,4-二甲酰胺的合成

1,2,4,5-四嗪衍生物具有抗肿瘤,杀菌,杀虫等活性,我们曾合成了具有抗肿瘤活性的N,N′-二苯基-3,6-二甲基-1,4-二氢-1,2,4,5-四嗪-1,4-二甲酰胺(3a)[1,2,3],合成路线见图1.研究它们的抗肿瘤活性时发现该化合物的苯环间位若以N,N-二甲基取代,对小鼠白血病细胞(P-388)和人肺腺癌细胞(A-549)有很强的抗肿瘤活性.     

N-乙酰基吡唑啉衍生物和二苯醚基N-乙酰基双吡唑啉衍生物的合成及体外抗肿瘤活性

合成了7个N-乙酰基吡唑啉化合物2a~2g和7个新型的二苯醚基N-乙酰基双吡唑啉化合物4a~4g,通过核磁共振谱、元素分析和质谱对合成化合物进行了结构表征.并且用3-(4,5-二甲基吡啶-2-基)-5-(3-羧基甲氧基苯基)-2-(4-磺苯基)-2H-四唑(MTS)法测试了它们对人肺腺癌细胞(A549)、人非小细胞肺癌细胞(H1299)和乳癌细胞(MCF-7)三类癌细胞株的体外抗肿瘤活性.结果显示,所合成的化合物对癌细胞有一定抑制作用,其中3,3'-(4,4'-二苯醚基)双[1-乙酰基-5-(3,4-亚甲基二氧苯基)-2-吡唑啉](4e)对A549,H1299和MCF-7三类癌细胞株具有较好的抗肿瘤活性,半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为16.91,10.09,10.97μmol/L.     

2,5-二取代吲哚碳酰肼衍生物的合成及活性研究

以对硝基苯肼为起始原料,采用费舍尔吲哚合成法合成中间体5-硝基吲哚-2-羧酸酯(3),经还原合成5-氨基吲哚-2-羧酸酯(4),再与氯甲酸苯酯合成酰胺(5),5在水合肼作用下形成2,5-碳酰肼吲哚(6),化合物6和取代醛反应,合成了7个2,5-二取代吲哚碳酰肼衍生物(7a～7g)。目标化合物经~1HNMR、~(13)CNMR、HR-MS结构确证。采用MTT法研究了目标化合物的细胞毒活性。结果显示,目标化合物对所选肿瘤细胞的增殖活性具有一定抑制作用。其中7c对宫颈癌细胞(Hela)、乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)和人肝癌细胞(HepG-2)的抑制活性与阳性药顺铂活性相近。     

2-甲硫基-4-芳胺喹唑啉衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性评价

为了寻求高效的新型抗肿瘤药物,设计并合成了一系列新型2-甲硫基-4-苯胺喹唑啉衍生物,对这些化合物在人类四种癌细胞MGC-803(人胃癌细胞)、PC-3(人前列腺癌细胞)、HGC-27(人胃癌细胞)和A549(人非小细胞肺癌细胞)进行抗肿瘤活性评价.结果显示部分化合物具有较好的抗肿瘤活性,其中N-(4-氟苯基)-2-(甲硫基)喹唑啉-4-胺(9c)和N-(4-甲基苯基)-2-(甲硫基)喹唑啉-4-胺(9m)显示出较高的抗肿瘤活性, IC_(50)值分别为0.18和0.68μmol·L~(-1).     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.